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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 types |
Chronic bronchitis Emphysema |
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Defns |
CB... clinical diagnosis, chronic productive cough for at least 3 months in 2 consecutive years Emphysema.... pathologic diagnosis, permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to terminal bronchial due to destruction of alveoli walls Often they coexist |
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Lung fxn tests |
Fev1/ fvc ratio decreased Fev1 decreased TLC ^ Residual vol ^ |
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RFs |
Tobacco smoke mc alpha1 antitrypsin def (worse in combo with smoking) Env Chronic asthma |
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Pathogen. |
CB Excess mucus production narrows the airways... hence productive cough. Inflm and scarring of airways, enlargement of mucus gland and SM hyperplasia lead to obstruction
Emphysema Destruction of alveoli wall due to ^ of protease (elastase) or def in antiprotease a1 antitrypsin activity in lung. This is inh by a1 antitrypsin. Elastase is produced by PMN cells and macrophages. This is inh by a1 antitrypsin. Tobacco smoke ^ PMNs activated and macs, inh a1 antitrypsin and ^ oxidative stress by free radicals. Tobacco smoke ^ PMNs activated and macs, inh a1 antitrypsin and ^ oxidative stress by free radicals.
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CF |
Cough Sputum Dyspnea... initially on exertion, finally at rest Signs |
