Conservation Biology Benz Exam 1 Questions

Front 1

wilderness advocates have lobbied to set aside national forests as wilderness areas. One in particular also saw humans as a pottentially integral actor in land management even while humans do not see nature only as something to be exploited

Back 1

Aldo leopold

Front 2

Which major intellectual figure contemplated that the resource conservation ethic- the idea taht resource economics determine value of biological divesity/natural resources but ulitmately reject the idea because such an idea contemplates land simply as goods that could be used in a variety of ways instead of appreciating the processes(what we would call ecosystem properties)

Back 2

Gifford Pinchot

Front 3

Which species concepts is best described as group of individuals that can interbreed an are incapable of breeding with individuals of other such groups

Back 3

biological species concepts

Front 4

the process in which speciation can occur most rapidly

Back 4

polyploidy

Front 5

Species from the same trophic level and have similar feeding habits/food webs are referred to as:

Back 5

members of a guild

Front 6

A species whose ecological impact on a community is greater than its local abundance is called

Back 6

keystone

Front 7

the gradual process of change in the composition of species, in the structure of the community, and in the make up of the soil following natrual or human alteration of an area is referred to as

Back 7

ecological succession

Front 8

which country in the world has the greatest number of mammal species

Back 8

brazil

Front 9

one temperate community that possesses unexpected great biological diversity is

Back 9

communites of Mediterranean climate

Front 10

a species that has a restricted geographical range is referred to as

Back 10

endemic

Front 11

according to primack, which of the following taxonomic groups simultaneously has the greatest potential number of species and already has more than 750000 to 800000 named species

Back 11

insects

Front 12

estimates of the number of extant species on earth range from

Back 12

5 million judging from the number of specialized beetles feeding on canopy trees in the tropics

Front 13

garret hardin characterized the societal costs of many environmental problems as teh tragedy of the commons. Which of the following is true of situation swhere this characterization is accurate?

Back 13

all of the above:
-when the benefits of an exomomic transaction accrue to a few individuals but the costs are borne by society as a whole
-when market failure occurs and natural resources are not used sustainably
-when property is collectively owned by no-one but is accessible to everyone

Front 14

in the cost benefit analysis of economic development in bacuit bay, philipines, which development (logging) option netted the highest total revenue

Back 14

sustainable logging

Front 15

which of the following is true about discount rates in biodiversity conservation

Back 15

they over-estimate the negative externalitites of developing the

this test was really dumb fo real

Front 16

how does existence value differ from option value, indirect use value and direct use value

Back 16

it is a non-use value

Front 17

medicinal plants actively utilized and sold by people throughout their country (such as cephaelis ipecachuanha - ipecac) and internationally can be accounted for as what type of value

Back 17

productive use value

Front 18

bioprospecting considers the ______ value of species that have promise for treating human disease, reclaim degraded environments and control invasive species such as prickly pear in Australia

Back 18

option

Front 19

one way i contribute to conservation by buying a Duck Stamp with my Texas hunting license but i do not hunt duchks (or any other animal except monarch butterflies). My contribution to nature conservation is best described as a/an...

Back 19

existence value

Front 20

speciation

Back 20

The evolutionary formation of new biological species, usually by the division of a single species into two or more genetically.

Front 21

adaptive radiation

Back 21

-the development of many different forms from an originally homogeneous group of organisms as they fill different ecological niches
-Diversification of a species or single ancestral type into several forms that are each adaptively specialized to a specific.

Front 22

gene flow

Back 22

In population genetics, gene flow (also known as gene migration) is the transfer of alleles of genes from one population to another.

Front 23

what is rachael carson known for

Back 23

writing silent spring about DDT and how it caused harm and a reduction in the number of birds

Front 24

what is aldo leopold's land ethic

Back 24

-Leopold explained:

"The land ethic simply enlarges the boundaries of the community to include soils, waters, plants, and animals, or collectively: the land."
-primack-Aldo Leopld's philosophy advocating human use of natural resources that is compatible with or even enhances ecosystem health

Front 25

where is phylum in the taxonomic hierarchy? name 2 and give an example of each

Back 25

Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Arthropoda (e.g. insects)
Mollusca (e.g. snails)
Chordata (e.g. fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals)
Platyhelminthes (e.g. tapeworms)
Nematoda (i.e. unsegmented worms)
Annelida (i.e. segmented worms)
Cnidaria and Ctenophora (e.g. jellyfish)
Echinodermata (e.g. starfish)
Porifera (e.g. sponges - * see below)
The phylum Mollusca contains 4 classes: the Gastropoda

Front 26

compare and contrast alpha, beta and gama species diversity

Back 26

-alpha- number of differnt species on a certain area ex. on one mountain
-gamma- the number of different species on a large range ex. on the whole mountain range
-beta- gamma/alpha gives a ratio of the two to help quantify biodiveristy and help decide where conservation efforts are working, need more work, etc.