Conservation

Front 1

how in the recent society gave humans developed?

Back 1

#we have learned how to use our enviroment to our advantage
#our numbers have risen dranatically
#using more of earths resources
#activities affect other species, directly or indirectly

Front 2

what is extinction

Back 2

when species ceases to exist

Front 3

what can extuction cause

Back 3

loss of biodiveristy

Front 4

what is monoculture habitat and give a real life monoculture habitat

Back 4

a crop of plants of single species bred to be very similar, making it eady to havest
example... oil palm plantation in malaysia between 1985 - 2000 respobsible for 87% deforestation in malaysia.A futher 6 million hectares are scheduled to be cleared for oil palm plantations in malaysia

Front 5

name some human activity that reduces biodiversity and may cause extinction.

Back 5

# hunting for food
#killing for protection
#killing to remove competition for food
#pollution
#habitat destruction

Front 6

give an economic reason to conserve

Back 6

the figure for the economic value of natural ecosystems is approximatly $33x10*12. based on systems the benefit humans like.
> regulation of atmosphere and climate
>purifucation and retention of fresh water
>fertilisation of soil
>detoxification and recylcling of waste
>crop pollination
>growth of timber

Front 7

give an ecological reason to conserve

Back 7

ecological processes like photosynthesis provide oxygen and remove CO2.
processes in soil provide food growth

Front 8

give some ethical reasons to conserve

Back 8

all living organisms have the right to live in the way they have adapted.

Front 9

Give some aesthetic reasons to conserve species

Back 9

We experience joy and wellbeing when observing nature.
studies show patients recover rapidly from stress or injury in a natural environment.

Front 10

What is a gene pool

Back 10

sum total an variety of all the genes in a population or species at a given time.

Front 11

What threats are there to species with low genetic diversity?

Back 11

changes in the climate
increase level of pollution
emergence of new disease
arrival of new pests

Front 12

How may organisms benefit from agriculture?

Back 12

high CO2 Levels altering levels of photosynthesis
high temp increase growth
loving growing seasons
greater of evaporation of water thee for greater precipitation.

Front 13

What is conservation in situ mean?

Back 13

conserving a species in its natural environment

Front 14

Give methods of conservation?

Back 14

legislation
conservation parks

Front 15

How will legislation help conservation?

Back 15

laws put in place to ban hunting and poaching, clearing land and logging.

Front 16

What are the benefits of In situ conservation?

Back 16

Front 17

What are the advantages of designating areas as reserves?

Back 17

-plants and animals conserved I natural environment
-permanently protects biodiversity and representative of ecosystem
-permanently protects significant elements of natural and cultural heritage.
-it facilitates scientific research
-Possible to restore the ecological integrity of area.

Front 18

What conflicts could arise from in situ reserves excluding human activity?

Back 18

protected animals may cone out of the reserve
people may continue to hunt
illegal harvesting of timber and other plant produce.
tourists feeding protected animals or leaving litter.

Front 19

What is conservation ex situ

Back 19

conserving endangered species by activities that take place outside it's normal environment.

Front 20

Why is captive breeding difficult?

Back 20

-not I their natural environment so fail to breed successfully
-space is limited and this limits the number of individuals which restricts genetic diversity
-even when they survive reproduction they need to survive reintroducing process. being able to adapt to survive ill be found difficult for a species with lower genetic variation.
-they may not be accepted by the wild members of species
-

Front 21

What are modern techniques to preserve genetic material?

Back 21

-in vitro fertilisation
-reproductive physiology is quite species specific and further research into endangers species is needed to ensure techniques are used effectively
- carrying out research on domestic species that are similar to target species speeds up process.

Front 22

What are the advantages of conserving plants?

Back 22

There is only one dominant stage in plant development and that's the seed.
-seeds can be collected from the wild without disturbance of ecosystem.
-stored in huge numbers without occupying much space.
-can be replanted in wild.

Front 23

Give some disadvantages of plant conservation?

Back 23

-Any collecting if wild seeds may cause disturbance
-collected sample may not hold representative selection for genetic variation.
-seeds stored for a length of time may not be viable.
-plants bred asexual will be genetically identical reducing genetic diversity even more.
-research based on a small sample may not be valid for the whole species.

Front 24

What are seed banks give some examples?

Back 24

a collection of seed samples. The Kew millennium seed bank project at wakehurst in Sussex is the largest ex situ conservation projects.

Front 25

How do you prolong viability of seeds?

Back 25

stored in very dry or freezing environment. For every 1% decrease in seed moisture level the life span doubles.and for every 5*C reduction of temp the life span doubles. seeds are Checked regularly to check viability.

Front 26

explan how scientists at Kew carry our germination tests each year?

Back 26

They must first remove the sample and germinate them periodically.
They plant the seed in petri dishes of nutrients agar and keep them controlled conditions.
scientists measure the germination rate ( percentage of seeds that germinate) and success of germination.
This allows scientists to monitor the condition of seed storage.
research continues into physiology of seed dominance a day germination. eventually trying to discover most effective methods of storage.

Front 27

name some international corporations in place for conservation?

Back 27

*CITES (convention of international trades in endangered species of wild fauna and flora)
*convention on biological diversity signed by 150 government leaders in 1992
*zoos
*botanical gardens
*seed banks
*EIA (Environment impact assessments)