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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Congenital Rubella (Triad of Symptoms)
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Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Cataracts Microcephaly |
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Endocardial cushion defects
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Stenosis
Coarctation VSD Common AV canal Malformed valves Truncus arteriosus |
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Aortic arch defects
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-Persistence of aortic arches that normaly disappear
-Double arches -Defects where persisting arches form a network of vessesl around structures of the neck (vascular rings) |
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Most frequent type of congenital heart defect
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VSD
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Le Maladie de Roger
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VSD
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High ASD are caused by
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Defects in the foramen secundum
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Low ASD are caused by
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a Persistant foramen primum. Also could be from endocardial cushions defect
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Characterisitics of a foramen primum ASD
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-Intact ventricular septum
-Separate AV valve rings -A cleft usually in mitral valve leaflet assoicated with abnormal chordae tendinae -A cleft occasionally in triscuspid valve leaflet |
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Lutenbacher's syndrome
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ASD + mitral stenosis
Has an exaggerated L to R shunt (b/c of stenosis) |
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Characteristics of all L to R shunts
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-Right ventricular hypertrophy
-Enlarged pulmonary arteries -Pulmonary hypertension (chronic) |
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Cause of common AV canal (persistant atrioventricularis communis)
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Endocardial cushion failure with an exaggerated ASD, and involves a VSD
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Common AV canal is commonly found in what genetic syndrome
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Down Syndrome
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Infantile form of Coarctation of aorta
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-Occurs proximal to ductus arteriosus
-Not compatable with life -Only deox blood enters systemic circulation of lower body |
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Adult form of Coarctation of aorta
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-Occurs distal to origin of ducuts arteriosus
-Collateral circulation bypasses the coarctation enabling adequate blood supply -Blood supply will be much higher in upper extremeties than lower (pathognomic)! |
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Common clinical features of cyanotic heart defect
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-Clear lung fields
-Polycythemia -Cyanosis -Clubbing of fingers |
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6 T's of cyanotic heart disease
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-Tetralogy of Fallot
-Tricuspid atresia -Transposition of great vessels -Taussing-Bing heart -Truncus arteriosus -Total anomalous pulmonary venous return |
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4 characterisitics of Tetralogy of Fallot (most common cyanotic heart disease)
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-High VSD
-Pulmonary stenosis -Detroposed aorta overidding VSD -Right ventricular hypertrophy |
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Blalock-Taussing surgery
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creates an artificial PDA, which allso blood into pulmonary veins to be oxigenated better
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Clinical presentation of Tetralogy of Fallot
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-Tire easily
-Squatting to improve oxygenation -Clubbing of fingers and polycythemia |
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Tricuspid atresia
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-Failure of the triscuspid valve to form (no communication b/w rt atrium and rt ventricle)
-Blood is shunted through foramen ovale and a PDA is neccessary for oxygenation of blood |
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Tausing-Bing heart
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Complete transposition of great vessels with polmonary artery overriding a VSD
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Truncus arteriosus
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-Common trunk
-Associated with septal defect and may have 4 or 5 leaflets |
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Cor trilocular biatriatum
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Single ventricle with two atria
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Hypoplastic left ventricle or
mitral atresia or aortic atresia |
Cogenital HD which is fatal to infant within first few days
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Eisenmenger's syndrome
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Similar to TOF, but w/o pulmonary stenosis (VSD, overriding dextraposed aorta, right ventricular hypertrohy)
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Causes of reversal of L to R shunts
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-Eisenmenger's syndrome
-Long standing ductus arteriosus -Long standing ASD |
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Complications of congenital heart disease
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-Failure to thrive
-Mental retardation -Fatigue -Bacterial endocarditis -Brain abscesses (R to L shunts) -Cyanosis leading to polycythemia (increase possibility of thrombus) -Hypoxia |
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Epsteins anomaly
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Downward displacement of tricuspid valve leading to tricuspid atresia
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