Topic 1 Networking And Internet

Front 1

Protocol

Back 1

A standard set of rules that allow devices to communicate

Front 2

WAN

Back 2

A set of links that connect geographically remote computers and LAN

Front 3

LAN

Back 3

Group of devices (computers,printers and scanners) under the control of an organisation in one small geographic area.

Front 4

Gateway

Back 4

Router that connects networks that use different protocols

Front 5

Server

Back 5

A software process that provides a service requested by a client

Front 6

Client

Back 6

A software process that requests and uses the service provided by the server

Front 7

MAC addresses

Back 7

(Media access control) unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications on the physical network segment.

Front 8

IP address

Back 8

A unique address that identifies a device on a network -32 bits long

Front 9

Switch

Back 9

Networking device that connects devices together on a network.

Uses packet switching to receive, process and forward data to the destination device.

Front 10

Router

Back 10

Device that connects networks that use the same protocols. Forwards packets by using the IP address.

Front 11

TCP/IP protocol

Back 11

A set of working practices that allow all Internet users to communicate with each other whatever their equipment.

Front 12

Datagram/packet

Back 12

Group of bits containing, source/destination address,error control bits,control bits and data payload

Front 13

Socket

Back 13

Combination of a host IP address and a port number. It forms a bidirectional communication path between the end processes or applications.

Front 14

Port

Back 14

An address for a software process

Front 15

Encapsulation

Back 15

Inclusion of one data structure within another e.g. the contents of a data payload are hidden from the TCP layer data that packages it

Front 16

Internet

Back 16

A global network of linked computers and routers that use unique IP addresses and TCP/IP protocol

Front 17

Standard

Back 17

Guidelines to ensure that manufactures of network equipment create products that are compatible with other manufacturers' products

Front 18

Protocol stack

Back 18

A group of protocols that a running concurrently that are employed for the implementation of network protocol suite. The protocols in a stack determine the interconnectivity rules for a layered network model, such as the OSI or TCP/IP models

Front 19

HTTP

Back 19

(Hypertext transfer protocol) •Transferring multimedia web pages over the Internet.

•In the application layer

Front 20

FTP

Back 20

( File transfer protocol)

•Copying a file from one location to another over the Internet .

• In the application layer

Front 21

SMTP

Back 21

(Simple mail transfer protocol)

• Mail applications typically use SMTP only for sending email messages .

•In the application layer

Front 22

IMAP

Back 22

( Internet message access protocol)

• transferring emails between computer systems via the Internet

•In the application layer

Front 23

DHCP

Back 23

(dynamic host configuration protocol)

• a client / server protocol that automatically provides an Internet protocol (IP) host with its IP address and default gateway

•In the application layer

Front 24

UDP

Back 24

(User Datagram prototcol)

• Sending datagrams across a network with very few error recovery services.

• In transport Layer

Front 25

TCP

Back 25

(Transmission Control Protocol)

• Error control protocol defined for high-speed communications within a network.

• In Transport Layer

Front 26

Handshaking

Back 26

The exchange of signals between devices to establish their readiness to communicate.

Front 27

Intranet

Back 27

A private network within an organisation for employees. It uses internet technologies e.g. browsers & hyperlinks to allow communication.

Front 28

Extranet

Back 28

A website that allows external stakeholders to access information usually by the use of usernames and passwords.

Front 29

World Wide Web

Back 29

A collection of documents and other resources identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and accessed via the Internet.

Front 30

IP Header contains ...

Back 30

• Version

• Total Length

• Identification

• TTL (Time to Live)

• Protocol

• Header Checksum

• Source IP address

• Destination IP address

Front 31

TCP/IP Layer Model

Application Layer

Back 31

• Application - Governs how two applications work with each other.

Front 32

TCP/IP Layer Model

Transport Layer

Back 32

• Transport - Establishes the connection between applications (endpoints) and governs end-to-end communication between two end hosts. Splits message up in packets, adds error checking details and port numbers.

Front 33

TCP/IP Layer Model

Data Link Layer

Back 33

• Data Link - Governs the transmission of frames across a single network and is responsible for creating the frames the move across a network.

Front 34

TCP/IP Layer Model

Network Layer

Back 34

• Network - Governs the transmission of packets across an internet, typically by sending them through several routers along the route. IP address of sender and receiver are added to the packet.

Front 35

TCP/IP Layer Model

Physical Layer

Back 35

• Physical - Governs transmissions between adjacent devices connected by a transmission medium (e.g. electrical signals)

Front 36

TCP/IP Layer Model

Layers

Back 36

Application

Transport

Network

DataLink

Physical

Front 37

DNS

Back 37

(Domain Name System)

The internet system for converting alphabetic names into numerical IP addresses. e.g. When URL is entered into a browser, DNS servers return the IP address of the Web server associated with that domain name.