Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Q1: What is network Convergence |
When all routers have completely mapped the entire network. A network is not operable until it is converged. |
|
|
Q1: What is Convergence time |
Speed of Routers to map the entire network. |
|
|
Q1: What is Propagation speed |
Speed of Routers to forward routing information. |
|
|
Q1: How to rate Routing protocols |
Judged by speed of convergence. Older protocols (RIP) are worse compared to newer protocols (EIGRP, OSPF) |
|
|
Q2: What is IPv4 Address Depletion |
Running out of IPv4 Addresses that can be assigned in the World Wide Web. |
|
|
Q2: What is Network Address Translation (NAT) |
Short term solution to IPv4 Address depletion. Converts a public IPv4 Address into a private address and vice versa. |
|
|
Q2: What are the Private Addresses defined in RFC 1918 |
Class A: 10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 Class B: 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 Class C: 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 |
|
|
Q3: What is a Routing Table |
List stored in Router RAM that contains info on Directly Connected Routers and Remote Routes. |
|
|
Q3: Types of Entries in a Routing Table |
- Local Route Interfaces: Configured and Active interface (IOS 15+). - Directly Connected Interface: Configured and Active interface. - Static Route: Manually configured route with active Exit interface. - Dynamic Routing Protocol: DRP identifies networks. |
|
|
Q3: Routing Table Letter Codes |
- L: Identifies address assigned to Interface - C: Directly connected network - S: Static Route - D: Dynamically learned route via EIGRP - O: Dynamically learned route via OSPF |
|
|
Q3: Identify routing table Remote Entry components of: D 10.1.1.0/24 [90/2170112] via 209.165.200.226, 00:00:05, Serial 0/0/0 |
D: How it was learned. 10.1.1.0/24: Destination network [90: Admin Distance (lower = better) /2170112]: Metric (lower= better) 209.165.200.226: Next-hop address to remote network 00:00:05: Time elapsed since learned Serial 0/0/0: Exit interface towards destination network. |
|
|
Q3: Basics of Directly connected Routing table entries |
Two entries are created for a directly connected interface, the connected network (switch, C) and the ip address assigned to the router or Local Route (L). They only contain the Route Source, Destination address and Outgoing interface. |
|
|
Q4: DHCPv4 address allocation process: Obtaining a Lease |
Client broadcasts a discover packet to find DHCP servers (DHCPDISCOVER). First server returns an offer packet Client (DHCPOFFER). Client sends acceptance packet to Server (DHCPREQUEST). Server replies with acknowledgement packet (DHCPACK). |
|
|
Q4: DHCPv4 address allocation process: Renewing a Lease |
Client sends packet requesting to renew lease to Server (DHCPREQUEST). Server responds with packet and renews lease (DHCPACK). |
|
|
Q4: SLAAC address allocation process |
- Client sends a multicast packet to all routers requesting Router Advertisement (Router Solicitation). - Router sends RA packet containing prefix and prefix length of network to FF02::1. - Client creates own IPv6 global unicast address, without Interface ID. - Client uses either EUI-64 or Random to create it's IID. - Client sends Neighbour Advertisement packet to verify unique address. |
|
|
Q4: DHCPv6 address allocation process |
- Client broadcasts a Router Solicitation packet. - Router returns a Router Advertisement packet containing M and/or O flag set to 1 (stateful or stateless). - Client sends a SOLICIT packet to all-IPv6-Server multicast address. - Router responds with ADVERTISE packet. - Client reponds with DHCPv6 REQUEST (Stateful) or INFORMATION-REQUEST (Stateless). - Server responds with REPLY packet containing an IPv6 Address (Stateful) or Config parameters (Stateless). |
|
|
Q5: VLAN Types |
- Data: AKA User VLAN. Configured to carry user-generated traffic excluding Voice. - Default: All ports are assigned here on startup. Cannot be renamed or deleted. Typically VLAN 1. - Native: Assigned to an 802.1Q trunk port. Accepts tagged and untagged traffic. Typically VLAN 1. - Management: Accesses management features of a Switch. Must be assigned an active SVI with an IP addr. and Mask. - Voice: Requires dedicated bandwidth, less than 150ms ping and transmission priority. - BlackHole: Has no connections anywhere. Unused Ports go here. |
|
|
Q6: What is an ACL (Access Control List) |
List of commands that control which packets are permitted or denied access to the network. |
|
|
Q6: Benefits of an ACL |
- Increase network performance by filtering out specific types of traffic - Basic security based on user privileges - Permit/deny access to file types from certain users. |
|
|
Q4: Differences between Stateful and Stateless DHCPv6 |
- Stateful DHCPv6 is invoked by setting the Managed Address flag to 1. Stateless is invoked by setting Other Address flag to 1. - Stateless makes Client configure own IPv6 unicast address and contact a DHCPv6 server for more info (eg. DNS servers). Stateful directly provides address to Client. |
|
|
Q7: EIGRP: How metric is calculated |
Mainly Bandwidth and Delay create the metric. Load, reliability and Max transmission unit are also used to create the metric. Updates are broadcast every 90 seconds. |
