Comptia Network+ (N10-006) Part 6: Beyond The Typical Network

Front 1

What is the difference between ad-hoc and infrastructure wireless networks?

Back 1

Ad-hoc is simply client-to-client; while infrastructure uses a Wireless Access Point (WAP).

Hint 1

Base

Front 2

What is the difference between BSSID and ESSID?

Back 2

BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier) uses one WAP. ESSID (Extended SSID) uses several WAPs connected to one switch, all using the same SSID.

Hint 2

Extendability

Front 3

What ISM (Industrial Scientific and Medical) bands are specified by 802.11 (WiFi)?

Back 3

2.4GHz & 5 GHz.

Hint 3

Two bands

Front 4

What Wi-Fi channels are used in North America, Europe, and Japan?

Back 4

US: 1, 6 or 7, 11

Europe: 1 - 13

Japan: 1 - 14

Front 5

What does the 802.11b standard define?

Back 5

11Mbps on the 2.4GHz band

Hint 5

Slow

Front 6

What does the 802.11a standard define?

Back 6

54Mbps on the 5GHz band

Hint 6

Fast

Front 7

What does the 802.11g standard define?

Back 7

54Mbps on the 2.4GHz band, backwards compatible with b

Hint 7

Fast

Front 8

What does the 802.11n standard define?

Back 8

74Mbps - 600Mbps on both bands. (Throughput depends on number of antennae.) Requires at least three antennae. Uses MIMO (Multiple In/ Multiple Out). Backward compatible with all previous standards.

Hint 8

Fater

Front 9

What is Greenfield mode?

Back 9

A setting on an n WAP defining that there are no non-n clients. Allows WAP to broadcast only n signal to allow higher throughput.

Hint 9

No diversity

Front 10

What does the 802.11ac standard define?

Back 10

>1Gbps on both bands. Technically two WAPs (2.4Ghz and 5Ghz), full backward compatibility. Uses MUMIMO (Multi-user MIMO).

Hint 10

Fastest

Front 11

What is PoE?

Back 11

Power over Ethernet. Requires a PoE switch or a PoE injector, which supplies power over an Ethernet cable. Frequently used with WAPs and VoIP phones.

Hint 11

Shocking

Front 12

What are the parameters of WEP?

Back 12

Wired Equivalent Privacy. Uses a 128-bit or 64-bit key, including a 24-bit initialization vector (leaving 104 or 40 bits). Easily hacked.

Front 13

What are the parameters of WPA?

Back 13

Wi-Fi Protected Access. Similar to WEP, but includes TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption. Uses Enterprise (authentication via RADIUS) or PSK (Personal Shared Key).

Front 14

What are the parameters of WPA2?

Back 14

Similar to WPA, but uses AES instead of TKIP.

Front 15

What are some other options for hardening WAPs?

Back 15

Reset admin credentials, disable SSID broadcast (not especially successful), MAC ACL (Access Control List), multiple SSID (standard/guest), DHCP scope limitation, disable remote administration, enable Client Isolation.

Front 16

What is WIDS?

Back 16

Wireless Intrusion Detection System. Used to identify valid and invalid SSIDs and WAPs..

Hint 16

Intrusion

Front 17

Wht is WPS?

Back 17

Wi-Fi Protected Setup. Includes a button on the router to allow devices to easily connect. Easily hackable.

Front 18

What are some possible causes of slow wireless connectivity, and how do you check?

Back 18

Check the wireless NIC connection speed. Check for phone/baby monitor/other WAP interference on the same channel.

Front 19

What should be considered when planning a wireless network?

Back 19

Site survey (check for available channels); location (signal/source availability); antenna (direction/gain, e.g.).

Front 20

What's a good way to increase gain without replacing hardware?

Back 20

Minimize the wireless standards supported by the router; set channel to 'auto.'

Front 21

What's a good way to increase Wi-Fi signal coverage?

Back 21

Use a wireless bridge/repeater.

Front 22

What's the difference between virtualization and emulation?

Back 22

Emulation pretends to be different hardware.

Virtualization actually utilizes the existing hardware.

Front 23

What are some advantages of virtualization?

Back 23

Power savings; hardware consolidation; system recovery; research (test computers)

Front 24

What is a hypervisor?

Back 24

Software that manages individual virtual computers.

Front 25

What's the difference between a Type 1 and Type 2 Hypervisor?

Back 25

Type 1, or Bare Metal - it is the host operating system, which then supports the virtual clients.

Type 2, or Hosted - runs on a host operating system.

Front 26

What is a virtual machine snapshot?

Back 26

An exact copy of the VM at that time. Useful as a backup before installing new software, e.g.

Front 27

What is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?

Back 27

Renting space (from an industrial server farm, e.g.) for virtual machines, switches, firewalls, etc.

Front 28

What is Platform as a Service (PaaS)?

Back 28

Renting a platform (IIS, e.g.) to host a web page or web software.

Front 29

What is Software as a Service (SaaS)?

Back 29

Subscription to software titles - Office 365 or Google Office, e.g.

Front 30

What are the four types of cloud ownerships?

Back 30

Public (Dropbox, Amazon, e.g.), Private (proprietary), Community (private shared with others), and Hybrid (a mix of any of the former).

Front 31

What do the acronyms PAN, LAN, WLAN, WAN, CAN, MAN, Internet, and Intranet mean?

Back 31

PAN - Personal Area Network

LAN - Local Area Network

WLAN - Wireless LAN

WAN - Wide Area Network (connected by routers)

CAN - Campus Area Network

MAN - Metropolitan Area Network

Internet - worldwide connectivity

Intranet - a private company's network

Front 32

What's involved with an ICS (Industrial Control Systems)?

Back 32

-Industrial machine (controlled device)

-Controller (ICS server)

-Sensors

-Actuators

-Human interface

Front 33

What is a DCS (Distributed Control System)?

Back 33

Multiple ICSs, networked into a tree model.

Front 34

What is SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)?

Back 34

Different from ICS in that it monitors a larger area - railroad network vs industrial plant, e.g.

Front 35

Name some other SCADA/ICS components.

Back 35

-Programmable Logic Controller
-Human Machine Interface
-Remote Terminal Unit

Front 36

What is Unified Communication?

Back 36

Combination videoconference, voice, colaboration, presence information, fax, messaging

Front 37

What are the components of Unified Communication?

Back 37

-UC Device (phone, e.g.)

-UC Server

-UC Gateway (used to connect remote locations to the same UC server)

Front 38

What is Medianet?

Back 38

A network of UC gateways using Quality of Service techniques to ensure timely delivery of voice and video traffic.

Front 39

What is RTP?

Back 39

Real-time Transport Protocol, using TCP ports 5004 and 5005.

Front 40

What is SIP?

Back 40

Session Initiation Protocol, using TCP ports 5060 and 5061.

Front 41

What is h.323?

Back 41

An ITU (International Telecommunications Union) protocol, defining the switching and control of different types of audio and video over a network. Uses TCP port 1720.

Front 42

What is MGCP?

Back 42

Media Gateway Control Protocol, used in Medianets. Uses UDP and TCP ports 2427 and 2727.