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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Wetting agent |
Alcohol Glycerin |
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Levgiating agent |
Aqueous levigating agent: Water Glycerin Propylene Glycol PEG 400 Purified water to compound Nonsterile products. Oily levigating agents (for ointments): Mineral oil Castor oil Cotton seed oil |
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Levigating agent definition |
Small amount of liquid that after mixing helps reduce particle size "wet grinding" |
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Suspending agent |
Substance that thickens liquids and helps insoluble solids become evenly dispersed in a liquid so that the particles don't settle too quickly and proper dose of drug substance is consistently administered. HYDROCOLLOIDS: NATURAL HYDROCOLLOIDS • Acacia • Alginic acid • Gelatin • Tragacanth* • Xanthum gum SEMI-SYNTHETIC • Ethylcellulose • Methylcellulose * most common SYNTHETIC • Carbomers (carbopol) • Polyxamers (Pluronic) |
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Diluents |
°Aka "fillers"- inactive substances used for compounding tablets or capsules °Can make measuring of active medicine easier. °Help with cohesion of tablets or the flow of powder in capsules °Does not interfere with chemistry or delivery of active ingredient in any way
•Lactose powder • Starch • Magnesium • Stearate
Soluble fillers • Lactose •Sucrose • Mannitol • Sorbital
Insoluble fillers • Starch • Cellulose • Microcrystalline cellulose ( MCC) • Calcium phosphate • Magnesium stearate ( the most commonly used "lubricant" diluent to prevent sticking to the machinery.) |
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Emulsifying agents |
Soluble in both oil and water and water in oil. They help mix oil and water so they have the right texture and are not in two different phasess (ex. Mayonaise) °Rated with hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) system.
Lower HLB agents are more oil-soluble. •Glyceryl monostearate (GMS): HLB value of 3.8 It would be the best for water-in-oil emulsion.
Higher HLB agents are more water soluble. • Sodium lauryl sulfate HLB value of 40 Best in oil-in-water
List frm Oily to Watery: • Glycerol Monostearate (GMS) • Lecithin • Sorbitan stearate • Polyglyceryl Oleate • SPAN • PEG 400 (polyethylene monooleate) • TWEEN (polyoxyethylene sorbitan) • Sodium Oleate • Potassium Oleate • Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
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Preservatives |
Benzalkonium Cl Benzthonium Cl Benzoic acid Sodium Benzoate Benzyl alcohol All Bisulfites Phenol Phenylethyl alcohol Ethanol Chlorobutanol Cresol Parabens Methylparaben Nitromersal Thimerosal Phenyl mercuric acetate Boric acid Sorbic acid/sorbates Ascorbic acid (antioxidant) Cetylpyridium Cl Chlorhexidine gluconate |
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Ointment bases |
5 classes from most greasy to least greasy •Oleaginous ex. Petrolatum •Absorption base °Hydrophilic petrolatum °Anyhydrous Lanolin °Aquaphor °Aquabase • Water in oil emulsion base °Hydrous Lanolin • Oil in water base ° Dermabase • Water miscible base °PEG OINTMENT °Polybase |
