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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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At 1800 hours, the concentration of Drug A was measured at 38.4 mcg/mL. On the same day, at 2300 hours, the concentration was measured at 19.2 mcg/mL. What is the concentration of Drug A expected to be at 0900 the following day? Answer A. 9.6 mcg/mL B. 9.4 mcg/mL C. 4.8 mcg/mL D. 4.6 mcg/mL E. 1.8 mcg/mL |
C. 4.8 mcg/mL |
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Acetic acid has a pKa of 4.8. Which of the following statement/s are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer A. The pKa is the pH at which half the compound is protonated (H+) and half is unprotonated. B. When the pH equals the pKa there is 50% ionization. C. When the pH and pKa are the same it is called the neutralization point. D. Acetic acid acts as a weak base at physiologic pH. E. An acid picks up protons released by bases in solution. |
A. The pKa is the pH at which half the compound is protonated (H+) and half is unprotonated. B. When the pH equals the pKa there is 50% ionization. |
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Which of the following terms is used to determine the amount of surfactant required for an emulsion? Answer A. The Noyes-Whitney Number B. The Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) number. C. The Degredation Coefficient (DC) D. The Surfactant Coefficient Variable (SCV) E. The pH |
B. The Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) number. |
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The pharmacist receives a prescription for "Timoptic 0.25%, Sig: i gtt od qam." Choose the correct wording for the prescription label. Answer A. Place 1 drop in each eye daily in the morning. B. Instill 1 drop in the left eye daily in the morning. C. Place 1 drop in each eye after dinner. D. Place 1 drop in the right eye daily in the morning. E. Instill 1 drop in the right eye daily.
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D. Place 1 drop in the right eye daily in the morning. |
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An elderly male is hospitalized with sepsis. He is 6 feet tall and 143 pounds. Select the correct BMI for this patient and the corresponding classification: Answer A. 18.2, underweight B. 19.4, underweight C. 19.4, obese D. 18.2, overweight E. 19.4, normal weight |
E. 19.4, normal weight |
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Sorbitol has many uses in drug delivery. Which of the following represent viable uses for sorbitol? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer A. sweetener (sugar substitute) B. Thickening agent in liquids C. Plasticizer for gelatin capsules D. Treatment of GI distress in patients with IBS E. Suspending agent |
A. sweetener (sugar substitute) B. Thickening agent in liquids C. Plasticizer for gelatin capsules |
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A pharmacist needs to prepare 120 grams of a 35% benzocaine ointment. You have 40% and 10% benzocaine ointments in stock. How many grams of each ointment will the pharmacist need to prepare this prescription? Answer A. 110 grams of the 40% and 10 grams of the 10% B. 100 grams of the 40% and 20 grams of the 10% C. 90 grams of the 40% and 30 grams of the 10% D. 95 grams of the 40% and 25 grams of the 10% E. 80 grams of the 40% and 40 grams of the 10% |
B. 100 grams of the 40% and 20 grams of the 10% |
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Choose the correct statement concerning parenteral nutrition (PN) therapy: Answer A. PN should be infused through a peripheral vein B. Amino acids contain 4 kcal/gram C. Dextrose in PN contains 4 kcal/gram D. 20% fat emulsion contains 2.2 kcal/gram E. 10% fat emulsion contains 2.2 kcal/gram |
B. Amino acids contain 4 kcal/gram |
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Phosphate and calcium can precipitate in a PN bag and cause a pulmonary embolus. Which of the following methods can help reduce this risk? Answer A. Keeping the pH above 6 B. Choosing calcium chloride over calcium gluconate C. The calcium and phosphate added together should not exceed 45 mEq/L D. Keeping the calcium:phosphorus ratio less than 1:2 E. Infusing the PN within four days of preparation
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C. The calcium and phosphate added together should not exceed 45 mEq/L |
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The Cockcroft-Gault equation may not provide a close estimate of actual renal clearance in these situations (and other formulas may be preferable): (Select ALL that apply.) Answer AWhen renal function is fluctuating rapidly BIn end stage renal disease CIn very young children DIn young, healthy adults EIn patients with mild-moderate renal insufficiency |
AWhen renal function is fluctuating rapidly BIn end stage renal disease CIn very young children |
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Which of the following are used as ointments and can provide a protective barrier on the skin? Answer A. Agar, carrageenan and gelatin B. Aquaphor, Aquabase, Eucerin, Petrolatum C. Acacia D. Arlacel, Span, Myrj, Tween E. Dry gum |
B. Aquaphor, Aquabase, Eucerin, Petrolatum |
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Which of the following statements concerning FDA-approved manufactured drug products is/are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer A. FDA-approved and regulated drugs must have an approved NDA. B. They must be produced under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs). C. They must have an expiration date that is provided to the pharmacy. D. They must each have an NDC number. E. They include compounded preparations. |
A. FDA-approved and regulated drugs must have an approved NDA. B. They must be produced under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs). C. They must have an expiration date that is provided to the pharmacy. D. They must each have an NDC number. |
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Julie is a 55 year old patient on a PN containing 28 mmol of phosphate and 7 mEq of calcium in a total volume of 2,300 mL. There are 2 mEq PO4/mmol. The combined calcium and phosphorus in a PN should not exceed 45 mEq/L. What is the combined calcium and phosphorus per liter in this PN order and is it considered safe? Answer A. 21 mEq/L, no B. 35 mEq/L, yes C. 44.4 mEq/L, no D. 63 mEq/L, no E. 27.4 mEq/L, yes |
E. 27.4 mEq/L, yes |
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Which of the following statements concerning emulsions and surfactants are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer A. An emulsion is two or more liquids blended together into a suspension. B. Surfactants, such as tweens and spans, can be used when preparing emulsions. C. Common examples of emulsions include propofol and mayonnaise. D. An emulsion is two or more liquids which are not able to be blended together (they are Immiscible). E. Emulsions can be given IV. |
B. Surfactants, such as tweens and spans, can be used when preparing emulsions. C. Common examples of emulsions include propofol and mayonnaise. D. An emulsion is two or more liquids which are not able to be blended together (they are Immiscible). E. Emulsions can be given IV. |
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A compound has a pKa of 8 and is in a solution with a pH of 9. Choose the correct statement: Answer A. The compound will be acting as a strong acid. B. The compound will be acting as a weak acid. C. The compound will be acting as a weak base. D. The compound will be acting as a strong base. E. The compound is not acting as an acid or a base.
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B. The compound will be acting as a weak acid. |
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A patient has a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 67 and a serum creatinine of 1.7. Is the patient dehydrated? Answer A. Yes. B. No. C. It is impossible to tell without knowing the sodium. D. It is impossible to tell without knowing the potassium. E. It is impossible to tell without knowing the magnesium.
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A. Yes. |
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Ethanol (alcohol) is used in tinctures (such as iodine tincture) because it can dissolve organic substances and in many other oral solutions, including some cough medicines. The pharmacist should be concerned with the following risks when using alcohol in medications: (Select ALL that apply.) Answer A. Toxicity B. Interaction with prescription drugs, such as oral hypoglycemics and agents that can c ause disulfiram-like reactions C. Renal damage D. It is illegal to dispense these preparations to minors E. These preparations are regulated by the DEA
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A. Toxicity B. Interaction with prescription drugs, such as oral hypoglycemics and agents that can c ause disulfiram-like reactions |
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Which of the following correctly describes the use of Tween (polysorbate)? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer A. It is used most commonly as a thickening agent. B. Tween is a surfactant. C. Surfactants are compounds with polar sides and nonpolar sides. D. Surfactants are used as wetting agents. E. Surfactants are used most often in ointments. |
B. Tween is a surfactant. C. Surfactants are compounds with polar sides and nonpolar sides. D. Surfactants are used as wetting agents. |
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Select the agent/s used as thickeners: Answer A. Acacia B. Lanolin, Aquaphor, Aquabase C. Agar, carrageenan and gelatin D. Arlacel, Span, Myrj, Tween E. Petrolatum |
C. Agar, carrageenan and gelatin |
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Which of the following represent additional items that may be added to a patient’s total parenteral nutrition? (Select ALLthat apply.) Answer A. Multivitamins B. Trace elements C. Insulin D. Electolytes E. Dopamine |
A. Multivitamins B. Trace elements C. Insulin D. Electolytes |
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Choose the correct indications for parenteral nutrition (PN) therapy. (Select ALL that apply.) Answer A. Severe gut dysfunction due to various conditions, such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, obstruction and short bowel syndrome from surgery. B. Patients requiring long-term supplemental nutrition because they are unable to receive daily requirements through oral or enteral feedings. C. A patient who will be NPO for three full days secondary to surgery. D. All patients in the ICU. E. A patient with mild acute pancreatitis. |
A. Severe gut dysfunction due to various conditions, such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, obstruction and short bowel syndrome from surgery. B. Patients requiring long-term supplemental nutrition because they are unable to receive daily requirements through oral or enteral feedings. |
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Choose the correct statement concerning lotions, creams and ointments: Answer A. Creams have a higher percentage of oil than lotions. B. Lotions have a higher percentage of oil than ointments. C. Lotions are water in oil preparations. D. Ointments wash off the skin easily. E. Creams provide a stronger skin barrier than ointments. |
A. Creams have a higher percentage of oil than lotions. |
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A reconstituted solution containing 500 mg of ganciclovir in 20 mL of sterile water for injection is added to 500 mL of 5% dextrose in water. The infusion is to be administered over 2 hours. If the infusion set delivers 15 drops/mL, what should the flow rate be to administer the bag over the designated time interval? Answer A16 drops/minute B33 drops/minute C63 drops/minute D65 drops/minute E71 drops/minute |
D65 drops/minute |
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The pharmacist receives a prescription for “Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate 200 mg/5 mL, Sig: 5 mL PO TID x 10 days, until all taken.” The pharmacist dispensed 4 ounces to the patient. How many days of therapy will the patient be short? Answer A1 day B2 days C3 days D4 days E5 days |
B2 days |
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An 80 year-old male has a nosocomial pneumonia. He has been on a ventilator and a Pseudomonas infection is suspected. The hospital protocol for empiric treatment is piperacillin/tazobactam (Zosyn) at a dosage of 4.5 grams every six hours, plus an aminoglycoside. If the creatinine clearance is 20-40 mL/min, the dosing is 3.375 grams Q 6 hours, and if the creatinine clearance is less than 20 mL/min, the dosing is 2.25 grams Q 6 hours. The patient's BUN is 22 and the serum creatinine is 1.2 mg/dL. He is 5 feet, 4 inches tall and weighs 118 pounds. Using his actual weight, what is the correct dosing? Answer A4.5 grams Q 6 hours B3.375 grams Q 6 hours C2.25 grams Q 6 hours D4.5 grams Q 8 hours E2.25 grams Q 8 hours |
B3.375 grams Q 6 hours |
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What is the most commonly used dosage form for oral medications? Answer AOrally-dispersable tablets BTroches COral suspensions DCompressed tablets ECompressed capsules |
DCompressed tablets |
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Which of the following statements concerning mortars, pestles and spatulas is correct? Answer AWedgewood has a smoother surface than porcelain and is preferred for blending powders or pulverizing soft materials. BPorcelain is used for liquids and chemicals that are oily or will stain. CBond paper should be used for weighing ointments and creams. DGenerally large stainless steel spatula blades are used, except plastic spatulas are used for chemicals (e.g. iodine) that can react with stainless steel blades. EGlass mortars are best for triturating rough powders.
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DGenerally large stainless steel spatula blades are used, except plastic spatulas are used for chemicals (e.g. iodine) that can react with stainless steel blades. |
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The pharmacist needs to measure out 35 grams of a 70% powder using the 50% and 90% powders he has in stock. How much of each powder is required? Answer A25 grams of the 50% and 10 grams of the 90% B12.5 grams of the 50% and 22.5 grams of the 90% C17.5 grams of the 50% and 17.5 grams of the 90% D20 grams of the 50% and 15 grams of the 90% E22 grams of the 50% and 13 grams of the 90% |
C17.5 grams of the 50% and 17.5 grams of the 90% |
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A patient weights 278 pounds. What is the formula to convert the patients weight into kg? Answer AMultiply the pounds by 2.2 BDivide the pounds by 2.2 CDivide the pounds by 3.5 DMultiply the pounds by 1.1 EMultiply the pounds by 0.75
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BDivide the pounds by 2.2 |
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A female comes to the pharmacy. She is 5‘2” tall and 156 pounds. Select the correct BMI for this patient and the corresponding classification: Answer A22.5, obese B28.5, overweight C22.5, normal D22.5, overweight E28.5, obese |
B28.5, overweight |
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Express 0.00088% w/v as parts per million (PPM): Answer A888 PPM B88.8 PPM C8.8 PPM D0.88 PPM E0.088 PPM
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C8.8 PPM |
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Which of the following is the principal extracellular cation? Answer ASodium BMagnesium CCalcium DPotassium EManganese |
ASodium |
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A pharmacist has calculated that a patient requires 30 mmol of phosphate and 80 mEq of potassium to be added to the PN. How many milliliters of potassium phosphate and how many milliliters of potassium chloride will be required? [K-Phos is 3 mmol Phosphate with 4.4 mEq K+ per mL and KCl is 2 mEq/K+ per mL.] Answer A5 mL potassium phosphate and 22 mL potassium chloride B15 mL potassium phosphate and 14 mL potassium chloride C10 mL potassium phosphate and 18 mL potassium chloride D11 mL potassium phosphate and 6 mL potassium chloride E18 mL potassium phosphate and 11 mL potassium chloride |
C10 mL potassium phosphate and 18 mL potassium chloride |
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Which range represents the best choice for normal values of the serum creatinine? Answer A0.5 - 0.7 mg/dL B0.1 - 0.3 mg/dL C0.17 - 0.43 mg/dL D0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL E1.8 - 4.3 mg/dL |
D0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL |
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The pharmacist receives a prescription for "Cefaclor 500 mg #30, Sig: i cap po q 8 hrs ATC." Choose the correct wording for the prescription label. Answer ATake 1 capsule by mouth 8 hours after therapeutic concentration is reached. BTake 1 capsule by mouth every 8 hours around the clock. CTake 1 capsule by mouth every 8 hours after each meal. DTake 1 capsule by mouth every 8 hours after chewing, then swallowing. EInsert 1 tablet by mouth 8 hours after the cavity is cleared. |
BTake 1 capsule by mouth every 8 hours around the clock. |
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Which of the following statements concerning compounded medications is/are correct? (Select ALL that apply.) Answer ACompounding is different from manufacturing since it is patient-specific (ordered by a prescriber for the patient). BCompounded medications are regulated by the State Boards of Pharmacy. CEach compounded formula must be assigned a unique NDC number. DCompounds can only be prepared in specialty compounding pharmacies. EPrescriptions for compounded medications cannot be refilled. |
ACompounding is different from manufacturing since it is patient-specific (ordered by a prescriber for the patient). BCompounded medications are regulated by the State Boards of Pharmacy. |
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The pharmacist has an order for heparin 25,000 units in 250 mL D5W to infuse at 2,000 units/hour. The infusion set delivers 60 drops per milliliter. How many drops does the patient receive per minute? Answer A10 drops per minute B12 drops per minute C15 drops per minute D18 drops per minute E20 drops per minute |
E20 drops per minute |
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What is the term for the inactive ingredient that holds the tablet together and provides stability and strength? Answer AA disintegrant BA binder CA flavoring DA lubricant EA polymer |
BA binder |
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The Cockcroft-Gault equation is commonly used by pharmacists to estimate renal clearance. This equation takes into consideration each of the following parameters except: Answer AAge BHeight CWeight DSex ESerum creatinine |
BHeight |
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Which of the following represent additional items that may be added to a patient’s total parenteral nutrition? (SelectALL that apply.) Answer AMultivitamins BTrace elements CInsulin DElectolytes EDopamine |
AMultivitamins BTrace elements CInsulin DElectolytes |
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An order is written for 10 mL of a 0.125% bupivacaine injection and 10 mL of morphine injection (1 mg/mL) to be mixed with 250 mL of normal saline. The infusion is to be administered over 3 hours. The IV set delivers 20 drops/mL. What should be the rate of flow in drops/minute to deliver this infusion? Answer A20.8 drops/minute B16.7 drops/minute C30 drops/minute D28.6 drops/minute E21.7 drops/minute |
C30 drops/minute |
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the pH scale? Answer AA lower pH correlates with a higher concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. BA higher pH correlates with a higher concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. CSolutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be basic. DSolutions with a pH greater than 8 are said to be acidic EIt measures the tonicity of a solution |
AA lower pH correlates with a higher concentration of hydrogen ions in solution. |
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Which of the following definitions describes a solution? Answer AA liquid preparation of soluble chemicals dissolved in solvents such as water, alcohol, or propylene glycol. BA solid dosage form used to deliver medicine into the rectum, vagina or urethra. CA semisolid dosage form used externally on the skin or mucous membranes. DA two-phase system of two immiscible liquids, one of which is dispersed through the other as small droplets. EA two phased-system of a finely divided solid in a liquid medium. |
AA liquid preparation of soluble chemicals dissolved in solvents such as water, alcohol, or propylene glycol. |
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Which of the following is the principal intracellular cation? Answer ASodium BMagnesium CCalcium DPotassium EManganese |
DPotassium |
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Measure out 60 g of a 40% ephedrine sulfate using the 60% and 20% in stock. How much of the 60% and the 20% (in grams) are needed? Answer A40 g of 60%, 20 g of 20% B35 g of 60%, 25 g of 20% C50 g of 60%, 10 g of 20% D20 g of 60%, 40 g of 20% E30 g of 60%, 30 g of 20% |
E30 g of 60%, 30 g of 20% |
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Which of the following definitions describes an emulsion? Answer AA liquid preparation of soluble chemicals dissolved in solvents such as water, alcohol, or propylene glycol. BA semisolid dosage form used externally on the skin or mucous membranes. CA solid dosage form used to deliver medicine into the rectum, vagina or urethra. DA two-phase system of two immiscible liquids, one of which is dispersed through the other as small droplets. EA two phased-system of a finely divided solid in a liquid medium. |
DA two-phase system of two immiscible liquids, one of which is dispersed through the other as small droplets. |
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The pharmacist receives a prescription for "Percocet 5/325 mg tab #24, Sig; i-ii tabs po q 4-6 hrs prn pain x 2 days. NTE 10/d." Choose the correct wording for the prescription label. Answer ATake 1-2 tablets by mouth every 4-6 hours as desired for pain. Do not exceed 10 tablets per day. BTake 1-2 tablets by mouth every 4-6 hours as-needed for pain for 2 days. Do not exceed 10 tablets per day. CTake up to 2 tablets by mouth every 4 hours as-needed for pain. Do not exceed 10 tablets per day. DTake 1-2 tablets by mouth every 4-6 hours as-needed for pain. Do not exceed 6 tablets per day. ETake 1-2 tablets by mouth up to 6 times daily as-needed for pain for 2 days. Do not exceed 12 tablets per day. |
BTake 1-2 tablets by mouth every 4-6 hours as-needed for pain for 2 days. Do not exceed 10 tablets per day. |
