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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tithing |
Group of ten families |
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Tithing system |
The Anglo Saxon principle of collective responsibility for maintaining local law and order |
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Frankpledge system |
The Norman system requiring all e free men to swear loyalty to the kings law and to take responsibility for maintaining the local peace |
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Hire and cry |
The summoning of all local citizens Wooton ear shot to join in pursuing and capturing a wrong doer |
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Paradigm |
A model or way of viewing a certain aspect of life sick as politics, medicine, education and the justice system |
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Paradigm shift |
A new way of thinking about a specific subject |
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Political Era |
Extended into the first quarter of the 20th century and witnessed the formation of police departments |
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Patronage system |
Also called the spills system, politicians rewarded those who voted for with jobs or special privileges, prevalent during the political Era |
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Reform Era |
Emphasized preventative auto patrol and rapid response to calls for service |
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Thin blue line |
The distancing of police from the community they serve |
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Professional model |
Emphasized crime control by preventive auto control and raps response to calls (70s and 80s) |
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Public relations |
Efforts to enhance police image |
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Community relations |
Efforts to interact and communicate worth the community team policing community resource officers, and school liason officers |
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Human relations |
Efforts to understand and relate to other individuals or groups |
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Reactive |
Responding after the fact |
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Proactive |
Anticipating problems and seeking solutions |
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Mission statement |
A written declaration of purpose, a road map that determines how an agency will arrive at a certain destination |
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911 policing |
Incident driven reactive, policing |
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Police culture |
The informal values, beliefs and expectations passed into newcomers in the department, may be at odds with formal rules,regulations, procedures and role authority of management |
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Negative contacts |
Unpleasant interactions between the police and public, may or may not relate to criminal activity |
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Discretion |
Freedom to make choices among possible courses of action or inaction |
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Selective enforcement |
User if police discretion, devising to concentrate on specific crimes such as stuff dealing and to downplay other crimes such as white collar crimes |
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Social contact |
A legal theory that suggests that in order for everyone to receive justice everyone would have to give up some freedom |
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Community |
A specific geographic area served by a police department or law enforcement agency and the individuals, organizations, and agencies in that area, a feeling of belonging |
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Social capital |
Refers to the strength of a community's social fabricand includes the elements of trustworthiness and obligations, the two levels are local and public |
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Bowling alone |
A metaphor referring to a striking decline in social capital and civic engagement in the US |
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Brown window phenomenon |
Suggests that if it appears no one cares about the community, as indicated by broken windows nor being repaired, then disorder and crime will thrive |
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Incivilities |
Occur when social control mechanisms have eroded and include unmowed lawns, piles of accumulated trash, graffiti, public drunks, fighting, prostitution, abandoned buildings and broken windows |
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Displacement |
The theory that successful implementation of a crime-reduction initiative sites nor really pendent crimes, instead it just moves to another area |
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Tipping point |
The point at which an ordinary stable phenomenon can turn into a crisis |
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White flight |
The departure of white families from neighborhoods experiencing racial integrationor cities experiencing school desegregation |
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Homogenous |
Involving people and things that are basically similar |
