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91 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
aggregate
polulation or defined group
change agent
nursing role that facilitates change in client or agency behavior to more readily achieve goals. This role stresses gathering and analyzing facts and implementing programs.
change parter
nursing role that facilitates change in client or agnency behavior to more readily achieve goals. This role includes the activities of serving as an enabler-catalyst, teaching prolem solving skills, and activist advocate.
community
people and the relationships that emerge among them as they develop and use in common some agencies and institutions and a physcial environment
community assessment
process of critically thinking about the community and getting to know and understand the community as a client. Assessments help identify community needs, clarify problems, and identify strengths and resources.
community health
meeting collective needs by identifying problems and managing interactions within the community and larger society. The goal of community-oriented practice
community health problem
actual or potential difficulties within a target population with identifiable causes and consequences in the environment
community-oriented practice
a clinical approach in which the nurse and community join in partnership and work together for healthful change
database
collection of gathered and generated data
data collection
the process of acquiring existing information or developing NEWinformation
data gathering
the process of obtaining existing, readily available data
Evaluation
provision of information through formal means, such as criteria, measurement, and statistics, for making rational judgments necessary about outocmes of care.
implementation
carrying out a plan that is based on careful assessment of need
informant interviews
directed conversations with selected members of a community; direct method of assessment
interdependent
involvement among different groups or organizations within the community that are mutually reliant upon each other
objectives
a precise behavioral statement of the achievement that will accomplish partial or total realization of a goal; includes the date by which the achievement is expected to be completed.
participant observation
conscious and systematic sharing in the life activities and occasionally in the interests and activities of a group of persons; observational methods of assessment;a direct method of data collection
problem analysis
process of identifying problem correlates and interrelationships and substantiating them with relevent data.
problem prioritizing
evaluating problems and establishing priorities according to predetermined criteria
secondary analysis
analysis using PREVIOUSLY gathered data.
surveys
mehtod of assessment in which data from a sample of persons are reported to the data collector.
windshield survey
a community assessment, the motorized equivalent of a physical assessment for an individual; looking through the car windshield as the nurse in the community health drives through the community collecting data
advocate
one who works to protect the rights of the clients while supporting the client's responsibility for self-determination
assessor
health professional who uses data in a systematic way to help identify needs, questions to be addressed, abilities, and available resources
case manager
a nurse who works to enhance continuity and provide appropriate fare for clients whose health problems are actually or potentially chronic and complex
diaster responder
a person who works as a memeber of a team in a disaster to feed back information to relief workers to facilitate raid rescue and recovery
educator
a nurse who provides information to clients or staff for the purpose of facilitating learning
federal public health agencies
federal level gov. agencies that develop regulations that implement policies formulated by congress, provide a significant amount of funding to state and territorial health agencies for public health activities, survey they nation's health status and health needs, set practices and standards, provide expertise that facilitates evidence-based practice, coordinates public health activities that cross state lines, and support health services research! WHEW
local public health agencies
the agencies responsible for implementing and enforcing local, state, and federal public health codes and ordinances and providing essential public health programs in a community
outreach worker
a health worker who makes a special, focused effort to find people wwith specific health problems for the purpose of increasing their access to health services
primary caregiver
the health care professional who is primarily responsible for providing for health care needs of clients
public health
organized efforts designated to fulfill society's interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy
public health nursing
the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health scsiences
public health programs
programs designed with the goal or improving a population's health status.
referral source
an agency or source in the community with whom nurses communicate and to which clients are sent for assistance
state public health agency
each of the U.S. states has a single identified official state public health agency managed by a astate health commissioer. Responsible for monitoring health status and enforcing lawas and regulations that protect and improve public health.
accreditation
a credentialing process used to recognize health care agencies or educational programs for provision of quality services and programs
benchmarking
COMPARING national standards and guidelines with other agencies
care planning
home health nurse and clients working together to give adequate service at home
certification
a mechanism, usually by means of written examination, that provides an indication of professional competence in a specialized area of practice
client outcome
a change in client health status as a result of care or program implementation
contracting
use of any working agreement, continuously renegotiable and agreed upon by the nurse and client
distributive care
health care services that emphasize health promotion, maintenance, and disease prevention
episodic care
CURATIVE and restorative aspect of nursing practice
fiscal intermediaries
insurance companies under contract to the Social Security Administration to pay home care agencies for Medicare-covered services rendered to beneficiaries
hospice
PALLIATIVE system of health care for terminally ill people; takes place in the home with direction and supervision of a health professional.
interdisciplinary collaboration in home health
working agreement in which each home health care provider carefully analyzes his or her role in determining the best plan for the client's care
Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS)
an instruemnt to collect client data for doing outcome assessments in home health
palliative care
alleviating symptoms of, meeting the speical needs of, and providing COMFORT for the dying clients and their famililes by a nurse
prospective payment system (PPO) dealing with home health
a mechanism whereby Medicare will pay home health agencies a set amount of money to care for a client who meets the criteria of 1 of 80 home health resource groups.
recertification in home helath
in home health care, the review and certification performed at least every 62 days by the health care team; it demonstrates that the client continues to need a specified plan of care
regulation
specific statement of law that relates to and clarifies individual pieces of legislation.
reimbursement system for home health
the process by wwhich home health care agencies receive payment, either by the cleient or three major funding sources: Medicare, medicaid, and third-party funding sources. (ex: BCBS)
skilled care
care provided to a client that requries theknowledge and skill of a registered nurse
telehealth
health information sent form one site to another by electronic communication.
agent
causative factor invading a susceptible host through an envioronmental favorable to produce disease
environment
all of those actors internal and external to the client that constitute the context in which the client lives and that influce and are influenced by the host.
environmental epidemiology
the study of the effect on human health of physical, chemical, and biological factors in the external environment
environmental justice
equal protection from environmental hazards for individuals or goups regardless of race or economic status. This applies to the development, implementation, and enformcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies that implies that no population of people should be forced to shoulder a disproportionate share of negagive environmental effects of pollution or environmental hazard because of a lack of political or economic strength level
environmental standards
norms that impose limits on the amount of pollutants or emissions produced. The Environmental Protection Agency establishes minimum standards, but states are allowed to be stricter.
Epidemiologic Triangle
infectious agent, host, and environment
Epidemiology
the science that explains the strength of association between exposures and health effects in human populations
host
a living organism which infectious agents can exist
monitoring pollutant levels
periodic or continous surveillance or testing to determine the level of compliance with statutory requirements and/or pollutant levels in various media or in humans, plants, and animals
permitting
the first step in the process of controlling pollution. A process by which the gov. places limits on the amount of pollution emitted into the air or water.
point sources
stationary locations or fixed facilities from which pollutants are discharged; any single identifiable source of polution (pipe, ditch, ship, factory smokestack)
non-point sources
diffuse pollution sources (without a single point of origin ). ex: traffic, fertilizer or pesticide runoff, animal waste
right to know
the right of citizens to have direct access to information about issues of the environmental concern such as information on driking water quality, the use of food additives, and chemical use in the workplace and community
risk assessment
qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the risk posed to human health and/or environment by the actual or potential presence and/or use of specific pollutant.
toxicology
the basic science that studies the health effects associated with chemical exposures
delayed stress reaction
occurs after a distaster and can include exhaustion and inability to adjust to post-disaster routines
disaster
human-caused or natural event that causes destruction and devastation that cannot be alleviated without assistance.
disaster medical assistance teams
teams of specially trained civilian health care providers who are sent to a disaster
emergency support functions
the 15 functions used in a federally declared disaster; each function is headed by a primary agency
mitigation
actions or measures to prevent a disaster from occuring or to reduce the severity of its effects
national response plan (NRP)
used in major disasters; has 15 emergency support functions, each headed by a primary agency
recovery
the last stage in a distaseter; when agencies join to restore the economic and civic life of the community
triage
the process of separating causalties and allocating treatment based on the victim's potential for survival.
family health
a dynamic, changing, relative state of well-being that includes the biological, psychological, sociological, cultural, and spiritual factors of the family system
family nursing
a specialty area that has a strong theory base and constists of nurses and famililes working together to ensure the success of the family and its members in adapting to responses to health and illness
empowerment
helping peopel acquire the skills and information necessary for informed dicision making and ensuring that they have the authority to make decisions that affect them
family crisis
a situation whereby the demands of the situation exceed the resources and coping capacity of the family
in-home phase
the actual nurse visit to the home that gives the nurse the opportunity to assess the family's neighborhood and community resources , as wewll as the home and family interaction
initiaion phase
the first contact btw the nurse and family. it provides the foundation for an effective therapeutic relationship
post-visit phase
after a home visit is concluded, the nurse documents the visit and services provided
pre-visit phase
contact btw nurse and family before an acutal home visit is made
termination phase
when the purpose of a home visit has been accomplished, the nurse REVIEWS with the family what has occurred and what has been accomplished. This provides the basis for planning further home visits.
advance directives
written or oral statements by which a competent person makes known his or her treatment preferences and/or designates a surrogate decision maker
caregiver burden
the physical, psychological or emotional, social, and financial prolems that can be experienced by those who provide care for impaired others
five I's
five conditions believed to adversely affect the aging experience:
Intellectual imapirment
Immobility
Instability
Incontinence
Iatrogenic drug reactions
Patient Self-Determination Act
a law that requires providors who receive Medicare and Medicaid payments to give their clients written in formation regarding their legal options for treatment choices if they become incapacitated.