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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nonverbal Communication
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the study of communication ssytems that do not involve words
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Types of Messages Conveyed in Nonverbal Communication
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initial impressions, relational messages, emotional expression
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Relational Informational is exchanged in three differnet kinds
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Liking, status, Responsiveness
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Liking
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is indicated trhough facial expression, eye contract, proximity, and the like (smiles requently and makes eye contact)
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Status (social status)
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is often conveyed through posture and gesture, through touch and proximity, and by the obejcts we display
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Responsiveness
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the degree to which we are psychologically involved in an interaction, is shown by such cues as rate and volume of speech, amount of gesture and variability of facial display.
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how nonverbal cues relate too/interact with verbal messages
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reapeating, contradicting, substituting, complementing, accenting, regulating
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repeating: the nonverbal message repeats the verbal message; resulting redundancy can increase accuracy
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ex. "i'll give you three minutes" while holding up THREE FiNGERS
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contradicting: the nonverbal message undermines the verbal message, often causing confusion and uncertainty
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ex. "Im gladd to see you" said with a sneer
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substituting: a non verbal message is sued instead of a verbal message
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In answer to "how was yoru day?" the comunicator just sighs and shakes his/her head
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complementing: the nonverbal message modifies the verbal message, letting the receiver know how to take it.
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ex. "i love your gift," with a huge smile
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accenting: nonverbal cues emphasize part of the verbal message
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ex: "and the most important thing is.." said with vocal emphasis on the most important words
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regulating: the nonverbal message manages and controls verbal behavior
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ex. looking at ones watch to let the speaker know it is time to go.
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Kinesic Code I:
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body movement and gesture
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Kinesics
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the study of body movement (including moving of face and eyes)
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Emblems
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kinesic behaviors whose direct verbal translations are known to all of the members of a social group, like silent words
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illustrators
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gestures that accompany speech and add to the meaning of utterances, (using hand gestures to indicate the size or shape)
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regulators
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nonverbal behaviors that act as "traffic signals" during interaction that consist of head nods, eye, and hand movements that allow us to maintain, request, or deny others their turn to speak.
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affect displays
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body movements that convey emotional states
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adaptors
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behaviours that people use to adapt to stresses and to satisfy personal needs
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self-adaptor
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when poeple touch there own bodies
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object adaptor
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when people touch objects
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The Kenesic Code II
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facial expression and eye behavior
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Facial Displays
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Intensifying, Detensifying, Neutralizing,and Masking facial expressions
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Paralinguistics
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vocal behavior, the study of the sounds that acommpany words
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vocal qualities
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characteristics of the voice, such as poitch, tone, and intonation patterns
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vocalizations
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special sounds that convey meaning, such as groans, cries, moans, giggles and yawns
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vocal segregates
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pauses and filters, such as "um" and "uh"
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Chronemics and Proxemics
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time, territory, space
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Chronemics
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the study of time as it affects human behavior
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Proxemics
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the study of how we use space and what space measn to us
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Psychological Time Orientation
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the way you habitually thinkg about and experience time
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Present, hedonism orientation
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involves living for the moment , impuslive senstaion seekers who liek to spend their time playing and going to parties
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Present, Fatalism Orientation
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focus on the present because they are pleasure seekers but because they feel they have no control over fate, doesn't make sense to plan
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future, work-motivation orientation
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believe in hard work, recognizing the importance of meeting obligations and completing projects no matter how difficult
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Future, goal-seeking orientation
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respondents are more positive abotu the future
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future, pragmatic-action
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view the future in practical, down to earth ways
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future, daily planning
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obsessed with controlling the details of day to day events, list makers
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Time-Sensitivity orientation
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people who feel anxious and pressure by time obligations, who are somewhat compulsive about both their own and others punctuality
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Biological time orientation
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biological clocks- built in clock that govern our daily rhythims
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cultural time orientation
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people from different cultures think differently about the values and uses of time
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territoriality
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the need to create boundaries, to control areas of space and make them ours
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public territories
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shared with others, parsk and malls
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home territoires
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owned or controlld by individuals
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interaction territories
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marked socially, groupings of poeple at a party or lovers in private conversation occupy this type of territory
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body territories
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the most priavte, the right to touch certain parts of our bodies and others
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contamination
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when a territory is polluted or made unacceptable
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violation
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any unwarranted entry into or use of space
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invasion
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perhaps the most serious form of encroachment, occurs whenever people whoa re not entitled use a space enter and take control of that space
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