Communications 1101 Final Exam Ch. 16, 17, 18, And 19

Front 1

Jargon

Back 1

DO NOT USE; words or phrases familiar only to a particular group

Front 2

It is appropriate to use?

Back 2

Contractions, the use of I me you..., simple words and phrases.

Front 3

Sexist pronouns

Back 3

DO NOT USE; example: using he to describe an occupation that a man or woman could hold.

Front 4

Concrete Language

Back 4

USE; language that is specific, tangible, and definite.

Front 5

Abstract language

Back 5

AVOID; language that is general or non-specific.

Front 6

Jargon

Back 6

DO NOT USE; words or phrases familiar only to a particular group

Front 7

It is appropriate to use?

Back 7

Contractions, the use of I me you..., simple words and phrases.

Front 8

Sexist pronouns

Back 8

DO NOT USE; example: using he to describe an occupation that a man or woman could hold.

Front 9

Concrete Language

Back 9

USE; language that is specific, tangible, and definite.

Front 10

Abstract language

Back 10

AVOID; language that is general or non-specific.

Front 11

Colorful words

Back 11

use to make speech more exciting

Front 12

figures of speech

Back 12

USE THEM

Front 13

Denotative meaning

Back 13

literal or dictionary meaning/definition or a word.

Front 14

Connotative meaning

Back 14

special association that people have with a word. Ex: You say the word dog, one person will picture a small white fluffy thing, another person may picture a big black lab.

Front 15

Emphasis on words

Back 15

can change the meaning.

Front 16

vocal variety

Back 16

vary volume, pitch, rate, and use of pauses.

Front 17

volume

Back 17

relative loudness of a speaker's voice while giving a speech. (the louder the better)

Front 18

pitch

Back 18

range of sounds high to low

Front 19

rate

Back 19

WPM (words per minute), quickness of your speaking. Should be slower that 120 WPM. Larger audience-slower rate

Front 20

Pauses

Back 20

breaks between words or sentences. Enhances the meaning.

Front 21

Manuscript speech

Back 21

Definition: read directly fom a fully prepared text.

Benefits: research, organize, edit, rehearse, no forgetting, cue technology assistance, accurate time frame.

Drawbacks: little eye contact, no flexiblity (response to audience), sounds read (boring)

Front 22

Memory speech

Back 22

Definition: delivered entirely from memory

Benefits: research, organize, edit, rehearse, cue technology assistance, accurate time frame, eye contact

Drawbacks: Forget, no flexibility (response to audience), sounds read (memorized).

Front 23

Impromptu speech

Back 23

definition: Delivered with out preparation or practice, completely unknown.

Benefits: Conversational, eye contact, flexibility to respond to audience needs, short

Drawbacks: no research, no organization, no notes, no editing.

Front 24

Extemporaneous speech

Back 24

Definition: well-pacticed and delivered from key word phrase outline

Benefits: research, organized, edit, outline form, rehearse, cue technology, cue self, eye contact, notes, conversational.

drawbacks: time frame, have to rehearse

Front 25

face, body

Back 25

smile! use facial expressions, use gestures, scan audience.

Front 26

Biased Language

Back 26

relies on unfounded assumptions, negative descriptions, or stereotypes of a group's characteristics.

Front 27

Colloquial expressions

Back 27

expressions that only certain groups of people would understand. Ex: "hit the nail on the head" ; " back the wrong horse"

Front 28

malapropism

Back 28

inadvertent use of a word or phrase in place of on that sounds like it. this does nothing to enchance the speakers credibility. Ex: "its a strange receptacle" "it's a strange spectacle".

Front 29

hedges

Back 29

unnecessary words and phrases that qualify or introduce doubt into statements that should be straightforward. Ex: I guess my question is ; I may not be right, but...

Front 30

effective delivery

Back 30

skillful application of natural conversational behavior in a way that is relaxed, enthusiastic, and direct.

Front 31

intonation

Back 31

rise and fall of vocal pitch across phrases and sentences.

Front 32

vocal fillers

Back 32

"uh" "um" "you know" "i mean"

Front 33

mumbling

Back 33

DO NOT DO; slurring words together at a very low level of volume and pitch so that they are barely audible.

Front 34

lazy speech

Back 34

"fer" instead of "far" ; "wanna" instead of "want to" ; "gonna" instead of "going to"

Front 35

scanning

Back 35

move gaze from one listener to another and from one section to another, pausing as you do so to gaze briefly at each individual.

Front 36

persuasion

Back 36

process of influencing attitides, beliefs, values, and behavior. Opens people minds to new ideas, and lets them make the decision to act upon it.

Front 37

persuasive speech

Back 37

form of speech that is intended to influence the attitudes, beliefs, values, and actions of others.

Front 38

argumentation is NOT

Back 38

fighting, attacking personalities, non-ethical

Front 39

argumentation IS

Back 39

socially constructive, culturally sensitive, strive for accuracy, acknowledge value in alternative view, and ethical.

Front 40

how to increase your odds

Back 40

clearly demonstrate topics relevance to audience: demonstrate how changes will benefit the audience: target issues that the audience feels strongly about: set modest goals: establish credibility: expect success with an audience whose position differs only slightly from yours: convince your audience that there will be a reward for the change

Front 41

logos

Back 41

proof by reason:
evidence + reasoning. (logic) statistics, examples, expert testimony + why it is important

Front 42

pathos

Back 42

proof by emotion:
emotional appeal

Front 43

ethos

Back 43

proof through speaker character:
speaker credibility, give reason to trust you.

Front 44

logos, pathos, and ethos were established by who?

Back 44

aristotle

Front 45

combine these three things into a persuasive speech

Back 45

logos, pathos, and ethos

Front 46

aristotles rhetorical proofs (persuasive appeals)

Back 46

logos, pathos, and ethos.

Front 47

difference between informative speech and persuasive speech

Back 47

persuasive does not havea thesis statement

Front 48

what is at the end of a persuasive speech?

Back 48

call to action

Front 49

problem solution pattern

Back 49

speech points arranged to demonstrate a problem and then to offer a solution.
intro: get attention and involve audience
body: offer a solution
conclusion: call to action- tell them exactly what they can do

Front 50

problem-causes-solution

Back 50

speech points are arranged in order to demonstrate the problem, reasons for the problem, and a solution.
give the speaker more time to explain the problem.

Front 51

Monroe's motivated sequence

Back 51

speech points are arranged to motivate listeners to act on something or to shift their listeners attitudes in a certain direction.
1: get attention- make the speech highly relevant to them
2: need-tell them the issue they are faced with and make them want to fix it. psychologically bother them
3: satisfaction- propose a solution and explain what they can do.
4: visualization- provide vizualization of anticipated outcomes with or without action.
5: action: make a direct request from the audience

Front 52

Leadership

Back 52

the exercise of interpersonal influence toward the attainment of goals

Front 53

direction and influence

Back 53

it is not the leaders job to provide these things, every person in the group should be providing these.

Front 54

group

Back 54

people who have interpersonal relationships with eachother. 3 to 20 people

Front 55

group communication

Back 55

the process of exchanging messages among a collection of people for the purpose of developing a relationship and accomplishing goals.

Front 56

interdependent

Back 56

everything you do impacts the group

Front 57

big groups are good for what?

Back 57

big events.

Front 58

small groups are good for what?

Back 58

being more personal

Front 59

task roles

Back 59

recorder, chaser, time keeper...

Front 60

interpersonal roles

Back 60

styles of relating in the group: harmonizer, gatekeeper...

Front 61

counterproductive roles

Back 61

people who adopt irrelevant roles: floor hogger, blocker, distracter

Front 62

for a productive meeting

Back 62

1: call meeting to order ON TIME and end EARLY or on time
2: never call a meeting unless you have to
3. state the agenda. give it to the group in advance so they can come prepared.
4. stay in your time frame (appoint a time keeper)
5. don't be social. appoint a chaser
6. have everyone introduce themselves to release tension

Front 63

agenda

Back 63

identifies items to be accomplished during a group meeting

Front 64

ethical appeals

Back 64

important when an audience does not know you well and you must establish professionalism

Front 65

anecdote

Back 65

a brief story of real life incedents

Front 66

an introduction should

Back 66

get attention of the audience, provide a summary of what you will talk about, and a thesis statement