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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hyperactivity
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A motor difficulty-more prevelant in boys-4X more.
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SLI
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Specific Language Impairment,
seen primarlily in preschoolers |
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Characteristics of Autism
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Slightly more than 1/2 have IQs < 50. Ecolalic speech.
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TBI
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Traumatic Brain Injury-most common form of injury in children.
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Hyperlexia
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Early ability to read, but can't decode language or it's meaning. Low comprehension.
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Echolalia
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Repeating words or phrases
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Disinhibition
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Impulsive, acting out
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Hemiparesis
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Weakness on one side of the body.
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Wernicke's aphasia
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Fluent or hyperfluent speech, poor auditory or visual comprehension.
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Aphasia
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No language, sudden onset. More in adults (stroke).
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Anomia
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Difficulty naming objects
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Global Aphasia
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Profound; effects reading, writing, language.
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Spontaneous Recovery
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Happens on its own, 1st few weeks after injury, w/o intervention.
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Cerebral arteriosclerosis
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Thickening of walls of the cerbral arteries
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Arteriovenous malformation
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Tangled arteries & veins in the brain.
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Embolism
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Obstruction of blood flow caused by blood clot.
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Thrombosis
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Caused by plaque build-up at that site.
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Aneurysm
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Bulge, may rupture, causing hemmorhage.
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Alzheimer's Disease
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Affect memory
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T or F
Communication disorders are secondary to survival, physical components. |
T
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Characteristics of Mental Retardation
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1.Substantial limitation in present functioning
2.Significantly sub-avg. intellectual functioning. 3.Concurrent related limitations in 2+ adaptive skills. 4.Manifestation before age 18 |
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Secondary behaviors of stuttering
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Are learned behaviors:
Eye blinking, facial grimacing, facial tension, exaggerated movements of the head. |
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Types of stuttered utterances
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Involuntary repetition of sounds & words:
Prolongations, blocks, broken words. |
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Indirect stuttering therapy
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For children just beginning to stutter, and is mild. Manipulation of the environment to reduce stress.
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Psychoneurotic disturbances
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People who stutter do NOT exhibit these, but have mile forms of social maladjustment.
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Normal speech disfluencies
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We have them all our lives.
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Stuttering therapy most effective with
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preschool children
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Gentle voicing onset
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Requires iniation, gradual start of voice, /h/ sound.
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Adult voice is acheived at age
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18
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% of adult population with voice disorders
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3-9%
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Localized growths on the vocal folds resulting from frequent, hard vocal fold collisions-misuse/abuse
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Vocal nodules
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Two different vocal fundamental frequencies
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Diplophonia
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Otolaryngologic evaluation is given when?
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Before voice therapy is initiated.
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Associated with psychological or stress conditions
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Conversion aphonia
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A person's average pitch
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Habitual pitch
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Subglottic pressure determines
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vocal intensity, loudness
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Phonemes are
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speech sounds
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Consonant phonemes are characterized by
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Place
Manner Voicing |
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T or F
Functional articulation disorder has no known cause |
T
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Speech problems due to neuromuscular impairment; caused by stroke, cerebral palsy, results in weakness of the speech mechanism.
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Dysarthrias
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Shaping of speech sound by using the lips, tongue, teeth, etc.
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Articulation
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Seperation of the muscle under the soft palate
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Submucous cleft
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Highest incidence of clefting is in
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Native Americans
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VPI
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Velopharyngeal Incompetence
mechanism is incapable of separating the oral & nasal cavities during swallowing & speech production. |
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Hypotonia
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Low tone
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Hypertonia
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Too much tone
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Apraxia
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Motor planning issues
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Causes of cerebral palsy
Is it progressive? |
Anoxia
Brain hemmorage No |
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Condition most assoc. with swallowing in children
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Down's Syndrome
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The 'gold standard' in dysphagia diagnosis
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Modified barium swallow studies; videoflouroscopy
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NPO
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No food by mouth
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Phases of swallowing
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Anticipatory
Oral Pharyngeal Esophageal |
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Formed in the mouth & swallowed; a 'package' of food/drink
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Bolus
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Goes into the lungs, causes pneumonia
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Aspiration
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4 conditions assoc. with pediatric dysphagia
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Cerebral palsy
PDD/Autism Down's Syndrome Spina bifida |
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4 conditions assoc. with adult dysphagia
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Stroke
M.S. Parkinson's HIV/AIDS |
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Objectives of swallowing therapy
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Improve intake of food & drink.
Prevent aspiration into the lungs. |
