Common Drugs

Front 1

statins

SE?
absolute CI?
relative CI

Back 1

myopathy and increased LFTs

abs ci = active or chronic liver dz
relative = use of certain drugs -- cyclosporine, macrolides (erythry, azithro, clarithromycin), antifungals, cyp450 inhibitors (etoh, sulfa, inz)

Front 2

LDL/HDL/TG changes by statins

Back 2

50/15/30 = statins

Front 3

no chnage in TGs

Back 3

bile acid

Front 4

LDL/HDL/TG changes by bile acid sequesterers

Back 4

30/5

Front 5

LDL/HDL/TG changes nicotinic acid

Back 5

25/30/15

Front 6

LDL/HDL/TG changes fibrates

Back 6

20/20/50

Front 7

best drugs to use LDL

Back 7

statins - 50
bile acids - 30
nicotinic acid - 25

Front 8

best drugs for HDL

Back 8

nicotinic acid (35) >
fibric acid (20)
statin (15)

Front 9

best drugs for TG

Back 9

fibric acid (50
statin - 30
nicotinic acid - 15

Front 10

SE for bile acids

Back 10

GI and constipation and decreased absorption of other drugs

Front 11

CI for bile acids

Back 11

absolute = TG>400, dysbetalipoproetinemia

relative = TG>200

remember, these don't act on TGs

Front 12

CI for nicotinic acid

Back 12

chronic liver diz and gout

relative: DM (increased glc), hyperuricemia, PUD

Front 13

SE of nicotinic acid

Back 13

flushing
hypergluc
hyperuricemia
GI
Hepatotox

Front 14

fibric acids - CI? SE?

Back 14

CI = abosulte CI with severe renal or liver disease

SE = dyspepsia, gallstones, myopathy

Front 15

give mechs for niacin

Back 15

inhibits lypolysis in fat tissue

decreases secretions of VLDL into the blood by the liver

Front 16

only drug that is totally fine to use with a statin without caution

mech?

Back 16

bile acid sequestrants -- prevent intestinal absorption of bile acids so liver uses cholesterol to make more

ezetamide - prevents cholesterol reabsorptoin from the gut -- only affects LDL

Front 17

always check lfts when usings which 2 lipid drugs

Back 17

statins and fibrates

Front 18

loop diuretic major SE

Back 18

hypokalemia
ototoxicity
loops lose ca
sulfa allergy


can use with reduced GFR but be careful, can cause interstitial nephritis

Front 19

aldosterone antagonists SE

Back 19

sprionolactone, epleronone = K sparing

hyperK
gyencomastia
ED

Front 20

ACEI

Back 20

cough
hyperK
angioedema

Front 21

THIAZIDES

Back 21

chlorthalidone, HCTZ

hypergluc
ED
low K

Front 22

ARB

Back 22

less cough
hyperK
less angioedema

Front 23

CCB

Back 23

DHP = amlodipine = edema

NON-dhp=verapamil, dilt -- dizzy

Front 24

BB

Back 24

brady
bronchocontstriction
eD
hyper TG
hyperglc
depression
masks hypglycemia in DM

Front 25

Metformin (biguanide)

Back 25

Decrease gluconeogen; insulin sensitizer

Front 26

DM drugs that cuase:
wt loss?
wt neutral?

the rest add lbs

Back 26

loss = exenatide --risk of GI and pancreatitis = increases glc dep insulin secretion but A1c goes down only by 0.5%

wt neutral = metformin; a1c down by 1.5%, can't use with kidney and liver failure -= watch for lactic acidosis

Front 27

Closes K channels in B cells to stimulate insulin release via Ca influx

ddx

Back 27

sulfonylureas (glyburide, glimepride, glipizide) - sulfa rx, risk of hypoglycemia

and

Glinides (repaglinide, nateglinide) -- can use with CKD patients (repaglinide only), used if pt has a sulfa allergy, less hypoglycemia risk, but more expensive

both can cause wt gain

both decrease aic by 1.5

Front 28

delays gastric emptying and decreases glucagon

Back 28

pramlintide

use with type 1 or 2

Front 29

delays gastric emptying and decreases glucagon

Back 29

pramlintide

use with type 1 or 2

Front 30

decreases CHO absoprtion in the gut
major SE

Back 30

a glucosidase inhibitor -- acarbose, miglitol

diarrhea and gas

Front 31

decreases CHO absoprtion in the gut
major SE

Back 31

a glucosidase inhibitor -- acarbose, miglitol

diarrhea and gas

Front 32

increases glucose dependent insulin secretion = secratogoue

Back 32

exenatide -- glp1 mimetic

causes wt loss
only used as add on

Front 33

increases glucose dependent insulin secretion = secratogoue

Back 33

exenatide -- glp1 mimetic

causes wt loss
only used as add on

Front 34

blocks decreasdation of glp 1 and gip to increase insulin secretion

Back 34

ddp-4 inhibitor sitogliptan

only used as add on -- add to metformin + sulfonylurea if needed

not a lot of evidence here

Front 35

blocks decreasdation of glp 1 and gip to increase insulin secretion

Back 35

ddp-4 inhibitor sitogliptan

only used as add on -- add to metformin + sulfonylurea if needed

not a lot of evidence here

Front 36

CI in renal failure

Back 36

metformin

Front 37

CI in renal failure

Back 37

metformin