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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Interview Mistakes include:
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- too long: shouldn't be more than 20-30 minutes because of respondent fatigue (giving easy answers at the end)
- too quick to fill in answers: silence makes people think - taking notes when a recorder would be better - being judgmental either positively or negatively |
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Interview Protocols:
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- funnel: broad to narrow - is best for kids so they get used to questions and help them focus
- reverse funnel: narrow to broad - good when you think you'll run out of time - hourglass |
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3 types of followup questions:
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- mirror - repeat what they say in question form for more info
- probing question - asking for elaboration - "What do you mean by that?" - climate question - "you seem uncomfortable, what is wrong?" |
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Issues in validity and reliability in questionnaires
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- literacy level (one grade lower for children, no higher than 8th for parents)
- self-administration is good to set pace, but should be read aloud for people who have trouble - avoid leading questions - avoid double barreled questions - avoid questions that elicit socially desirable response |
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Pretest vs. Pilot
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- pretesting is initial testing to make sure we are asking what we think we are asking - can be done with colleagues
- piloting is a walk through - should be done with a similar sample |
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Issues in picking type of questionnaire
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- cost
- privacy - sensitivity - decision tree complexity - response rate (phone > mail > time use diary) - speed/efficiency - difficulty of reaching population |
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Telephone Questionnaires
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- cheaper than F2F, no bias with automated voice, can have open-ended questions, can rephrase questions
- only people with landlines, difficult with children, people hang up, DNC list |
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Computer Driven/Internet Based
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- can be visually pleasing, people can go at own pace, can take whenever, can have complex decision branches
- need a computer/internet |
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Mail
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- most anonymous, user-friendly, can go at own pace, whenever/wherever
- literacy, low response rate, costs more, selection bias (people who send it back are most motivated either good or bad) |
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Face to Face
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- can go in depth, people won't walk out, can restructure questions, can judge affect
- not good for sensitve topics, timely, costs a lot, have to train people |
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Computer-Assisted
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- can use media, go at own pace
- have to bring computer |
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Time Use Diaries
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- used to capture how people use and experience time
- useful because of level of detail - can get duration, enjoyment, context - bad if people fill it out at the end of the day, we don't spread out usage equally (e.g. cram before an exam), low response rate |
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Time vs. Task Oriented in Time Use Diaries
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Time: fill it out in 15 minute intervals
Task: fill it out by task |
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Alternatives to Time-Use Diaries
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- beeper method
- monitor media usage by login/logout - observational study |