Comm 100 Exam 6

Front 1

3 assumptions of Face Negotiation Theory

Back 1

1. Self-identity is important in interpersonal interaction, with individuals negotiating their identities differently across cultures.
2. The management of conflict is mediated by face and culture.
3. Certain acts threaten one's projected self-image (face).

Front 2

3 aspects of "facework"

Back 2

1. Tact facework - extent to which a person respects another's autonomy
2. Solidartity facework - accepting another as a member of an in-group
3. Approbation facework - focusing less on the negative aspects and more on the positive aspects of another

Front 3

5 aspects of managing conflict across culture

Back 3

1. Avoiding - staying away from disagreements
2. Obliging - satisfying the needs of others
3. Compromising - using give-and-take to achieve a middle-road resolution
4. Dominating - using influence or authority to make decisions
5. Integrating - collaborating with others to find solutions

Front 4

Face

Back 4

Face Negotiation Theory

A metaphor for the public image people display

Front 5

Face concern

Back 5

Face Negotiation Theory

Interest in maintaining one's face or the face of others

Front 6

Face need

Back 6

Face Negotiation Theory

Desire to be associated or disassociated with others

Front 7

Positive face

Back 7

Face Negotiation Theory

Desire to be liked and admired by others

Front 8

Negative face

Back 8

Face Negotiation Theory

Desire to be autonomous and free from others

Front 9

Facework

Back 9

Face Negotiation Theory

Actions used to deal with face needs/wants of self and others

Front 10

Tact Facework

Back 10

Face Negotiation Theory

Extent to which a person respects another's autonomy

Front 11

Solidarity Facework

Back 11

Face Negotiation Theory

Accepting another as a member of an in-group

Front 12

Approbation Facework

Back 12

Face Negotiation Theory

Focusing less on the negative aspects and more on the positive aspects of another

Front 13

Self-identity

Back 13

Face Negotiation Theory

Personal attributes of another (an individual)

Front 14

Face-maintenance Framework

Back 14

Face Negotiation Theory

Face-saving and Face Restoration

Front 15

Face-saving

Back 15

Face Negotiation Theory

Efforts to avoid embarassment or vulnerability

Front 16

Face Restoration

Back 16

Face Negotiation Theory

Strategy used to preserve autonomy and avoid loss of face. (Occurs after the loss of face has happened. Efforts to restore face in response to the events.)

Front 17

Individualistic Culture

Back 17

Face Negotiation Theory

A cultural value that places emphasis on the individual over the group

Front 18

Collectivistic Culture

Back 18

Face Negotiation Theory

A cultural value that places emphasis on the group over the individual

Front 19

Avoiding

Back 19

Face Negotiation Theory

Staying away from disagreements

Front 20

Obliging

Back 20

Face Negotiation Theory

Satisfying the needs of others

Front 21

Compromising

Back 21

Face Negotiation Theory

Using give-and-take to achieve a middle-road resolution

Front 22

Dominating

Back 22

Face Negotiation Theory

Using influence or authority to make decisions

Front 23

Integrating

Back 23

Face Negotiation Theory

Collaborating with other to find solutions

Front 24

4 assumptions of Communication Accomodation Theory

Back 24

1. Speech and behavioral similarities and dissimilarities exist in all conversations
2. The manner in which we perceive the speech and behaviors of another will determine how we evaluate a conversation
3. Language and behaviors impart information about social status and group belonging
4. Accomodation varies in its degree of appropriateness, and norms guide the accomodation process

Front 25

3 ways to adapt when in conversation

Back 25

1. Convergence - Strategy used to adapt to another's behavior
2. Divergence - Strategy used to accentuate the verbal and nonverbal differences between communicators
3. Overaccomodation - Attempt to overdo efforts in regulating, modifying, or responding to others

Front 26

Social Identity Theory

Back 26

Communication Accomodation Theory

A theory that proposes a person's identity is shaped by both personal and social characteristics

Front 27

In-groups

Back 27

Communication Accomodation Theory

Groups in which a person feels he or she belongs

Front 28

Out-groups

Back 28

Communication Accomodation Theory

Groups in which a person feels he or she does not belong

Front 29

Perception

Back 29

Communication Accomodation Theory

Process of attending to and interpreting a message

Front 30

Evaluation

Back 30

Communication Accomodation Theory

Process of judging a conversation

Front 31

Norms

Back 31

Communication Accomodation Theory

Expectations of behavior in conversations

Front 32

Convergence

Back 32

Communication Accomodation Theory

Strategy used to adapt to another's behavior

Front 33

3 assumptions of Muted Group Theory

Back 33

1. Women perceive the world differently than men because of women's and men's different experiences and activities rooted in the division of labor.
2. Because of their political dominance, men's system of perception is dominant, impeding the free expression of women's alternative models of the world.
3. In order to participate in society, women must transform their own models in terms of the received male system of expression.

Front 34

Dominant Group

Back 34

Muted Group Theory

The group that holds the power in a given culture.

Front 35

Sex

Back 35

Muted Group Theory

Biological category divided into male and female

Front 36

Gender

Back 36

Muted Group Theory

Social category consisting of the learned behaviors that constitute masculinity and femininity for a given culture.

Front 37

Gender Polarization

Back 37

Muted Group Theory

Viewing men and women as polar opposites

Front 38

Second Shift

Back 38

Muted Group Theory

The phenomenon of working women putting in eight hours on the job and another day's work at home.

Front 39

Male dominance

Back 39

Muted Group Theory

Men are the dominant group, and their experiences are given preference over women's. (Men are in charge of naming and labeling social life, and women's experiences are often unnamed as a result.)

Front 40

Ridicule

Back 40

Muted Group Theory

A process of silencing - trivializing women's speech. (ex. gossiping, b*tching, gabbing.)

Front 41

Ritual

Back 41

Muted Group Theory

A process of silencing - Many social rituals have the effect of silencing women or advocating that women are subordinate to men. (ex. weddings)

Front 42

Harassment

Back 42

Muted Group Theory

A process of silencing - Street harrassment which does not give women free access to public streets. (ex. cat-calling on the street sometimes couched as compliments, or workplace sexual harrassment)

Front 43

5 assumptions of Standpoint Theory

Back 43

1. Material life (or class position) structures and limits understandings of social relations.
2. When material life is structured in two opposing ways for two different groups, the understanding of each will be an inversion of the other. When there is a dominant and a subordinate group, the understanding of the dominant group will be both partial and harmful.
3. The vision of the ruling group structures the material relations in which all groups are forced to participate.
4. The vision available to an oppressed group represents struggle and an achievement.
5. The potential understanding of the oppressed (the standpoint) makes visable the inhumanity of the existing relations among groups and moves us toward a better and more just world.

Front 44

Harstock's Marxist view of Standpoint Theory

Back 44

1. All knowledge is a product of social activity.
2. Cultural conditions create different lived experiences for men versus women.
3. It is worthwhile to understand these distinctions.
4. We only know women's experiences through women's interpretations of those experiences.

Front 45

2 critiques of Standpoint Theory

Back 45

1. Essentialism - The belief that all women are essentially the same, all men are essentially the same, and the two differ from each other.
2. Dualisms - Organizing things around pairs of opposites.

Front 46

Feminism

Back 46

Standpoint Theory

Focusing on women's social position and desiring to end oppression based on gender.

Front 47

Standpoint

Back 47

Standpoint Theory

An achieved position based on a social location that lends an interpretive aspect to a person's life.

Front 48

Partial

Back 48

Standpoint Theory

A recognition that no one has a complete view of the social hierarchy.

Front 49

Outsider Within

Back 49

Standpoint Theory

A person in a normally marginalized social position who has gained access to a more priviledged location.

Front 50

Accuracy

Back 50

Standpoint Theory

The ability to see more than what's available to one's own specific social location.

Front 51

Situated Knowledge

Back 51

Standpoint Theory

What anyone knows is grounded in context and circumstance.

Front 52

Sexual Division of Labor

Back 52

Standpoint Theory

Allocation of work on the basis of sex.

Front 53

Essentialism

Back 53

Standpoint Theory

The belief that all women are essentially the same, all men are essentially the same, and the two differ from each other.

Front 54

Dualisms

Back 54

Standpoint Theory

Organizing things around pairs of opposites.