Com100 Lesson 9 Key Terms

Front 1

Chronological organization

Back 1

Organization by time or sequence

Front 2

Topical organization

Back 2

Organization determined by the speaker’s discretion or by recency, primacy, or complexity

Front 3

Recency

Back 3

The principle that audiences remember best what they hear last, which guides the arrangement of ideas from the least to the most important

Front 4

Primacy

Back 4

Arranging ideas from the strongest or least controversial to the weakest or most controversial

Front 5

Complexity

Back 5

Arranging ideas from simple to more complex

Front 6

Spatial organization

Back 6

Organization according to location, position, or direction

Front 7

Cause-and-effect organization

Back 7

Organization by discussing a situation and its causes or its effects.

Front 8

Problem-and-solution organization

Back 8

Organization by discussing first the problem and then various solutions

Front 9

Specificity

Back 9

Organization from specific information to a more general statement to specific information

Front 10

Soft evidence

Back 10

Hypothetical illustrations, descriptions, explanations, definitions, analogies, and opinions

Front 11

Hard evidence

Back 11

Factual examples and statistics

Front 12

Sign posts

Back 12

A verbal or nonverbal organization signal

Front 13

Preview

Back 13

A statement of what is to come

Front 14

Transition

Back 14

A word, phrase, or nonverbal cue that indicates movement from one idea to the next or to the relationship between ideas

Front 15

Verbal transition

Back 15

A word or phrase that indicates the relationship between the two ideas

Front 16

Nonverbal transition

Back 16

Facial expression, vocal cue, or physical movement that indicates a speaker is moving from one idea to the next

Front 17

Internal summary

Back 17

A recap of what has been said so far in the presentation

Front 18

Final summary

Back 18

A recap of all the main points of a presentation, usually occurring just before or during the conclusion

Front 19

Introduction

Back 19

Opening lines of a presentation, which must catch the audience’s attention and introduce the speaker’s topic

Front 20

Conclusion

Back 20

Closing lines of a presentation, which leave a final impression

Front 21

Closure

Back 21

The sense that a presentation sounds finished

Front 22

Preparation outline

Back 22

Detailed outline of a presentation that includes main ideas, subpoints, and supporting material and that may also include specific purpose, introduction, blueprint, internal previews and summaries, transitions, and a conclusion

Front 23

Standard outline format

Back 23

Conventional use of numbered and lettered headings and sub-headings to indicate the relationship among parts of a presentation

Front 24

Delivery outline

Back 24

Condensed and abbreviated outline of a presentation from which speaking notes are developed

Front 25

Delivery cue

Back 25

A reminder of how to speak or move during a presentation, which is often written on a speaker’s note cards

Front 26

A preparation outline is exactly the same as a standard outline. (Pages 354-355)

Back 26

False

Front 27

It is not necessary to select an organizational pattern for the body of your speech if the audience is familiar with the content. (Page 349)

Back 27

False

Front 28

The purposes of an effective conclusion are the same as the purposes of an effective introduction. (Page 354)

Back 28

False

Front 29

You can provide signposts to your organizational pattern by reemphasizing your thesis in a memorable way. (Page 349)

Back 29

False

Front 30

The introduction should contain most of the claims, evidence and development. (Pages 351-353)

Back 30

False

Front 31

Your general purpose does not impact how you will organize your main ideas. (Page 347)

Back 31

False

Front 32

The introduction should be like a map of the speech since it allows the audience to anticipate the main ideas of your speech. (Page 353)

Back 32

True

Front 33

You first need to decide on how you will organize your main ideas and then how you will organize your supporting materials so that your audience can better understand your speech. (Page 344)

Back 33

True

Front 34

Jill has to give a presentation to her boss about her duties during a typical work day. Jill decides to organize her presentation starting with what she does at 8am when she gets in and work her way through the hours of the day ending with how she closes at 5pm.

Back 34

Chronological

Front 35

Adam is excited to present information to his coworkers. He is going to talk about three ways to save the environment. He decides to organize his speech with the following main ideas: less printing at work, using dishes in the office kitchen instead of paper goods, and recycling outdated reports instead of throwing them away.

Back 35

Topical

Front 36

Craig is giving a short speech on traffic safety, more specifically the problem of running red lights. He decides to organize his short speech in the following way: actions take 100 feet from the red light, actions to take 50 feet from the red light; actions to take 5 feet from the red light.

Back 36

Spatial

Front 37

Mary is presenting a speech on the consequences of drug use. She decides to first address the point that drug use is a substantial social concern and then goes on to discuss various consequences.

Back 37

Cause and Effect

Front 38

Angela is concerned parent and decides to give a speech at her son's elementary school PTA meeting. She is going to talk about school bullying. She organizes her speech in the following way: 1. School bullying is a major issue in schools; 2. Here is what parents can do about it.

Back 38

Problem and Soulution