Com100 Lesson 11 Key Terms

Front 1

Inform

Back 1

To share information with others to enhance their knowledge or understanding of the information, concepts, and ideas you present

Front 2

Word picture

Back 2

Vivid words that invite listeners to draw on their senses

Front 3

Persuasion

Back 3

The process of attempting to change or reinforce a listener's attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior

Front 4

Coercion

Back 4

The use of force to get another person to think or behave as you wish; coercion is unethical because it takes away free choice.

Front 5

Cognitive dissonance

Back 5

The sense of mental disorganization or imbalance that may prompt a person to change when new information conflicts with previously-organized thought patterns

Front 6

Hierarchy of needs

Back 6

Abraham Maslow's classic theory that humans have five levels of needs and that lower-level needs must be met before people can be concerned with higher-level needs

Front 7

Attitude

Back 7

A learned predisposition to respond favorably or unfavorably to something; a like or dislike

Front 8

Belief

Back 8

A sense of what is true or false

Front 9

Value

Back 9

An enduring conception of right or wrong, good or bad

Front 10

Proposition

Back 10

A claim with which you want your audience to agree

Front 11

Proposition of fact

Back 11

A claim that something did or did not happen

Front 12

Proposition of value

Back 12

A claim that calls for the listener to judge the worth or importance of something

Front 13

Proposition of policy

Back 13

A claim advocating a specific action to change a policy, procedure, or behavior

Front 14

Ethos

Back 14

The credibility or ethical character of a speaker

Front 15

Logos

Back 15

Logical arguments

Front 16

Pathos

Back 16

Emotional appeals

Front 17

Credibility

Back 17

An audience's perception of a speaker's competence, trustworthiness, and dynamism

Front 18

Competence

Back 18

An aspect of a speaker's credibility that reflects whether the speaker is perceived as informed, skilled, and knowledgeable

Front 19

Trustworthiness

Back 19

An aspect of a speaker's credibility that reflects whether the speaker is perceived as believable and honest

Front 20

Dynamism

Back 20

An audience's perception that a speaker is energetic

Front 21

Charisma

Back 21

Talent, charm, and attractiveness

Front 22

Initial credibility

Back 22

The impression of a speaker's credibility before the speaker begins to speak

Front 23

Derived credibility

Back 23

The impression of a speaker's credibility based on what the speaker says and does during the presentation

Front 24

Terminal credibility

Back 24

The final impression listeners have of a speaker's credibility after the presentation has been concluded

Front 25

Proof

Back 25

Evidence plus reasoning

Front 26

Evidence

Back 26

Material used to support a point or premise

Front 27

Reasoning

Back 27

The process of drawing a conclusion from evidence

Front 28

Logical fallacy

Back 28

False reasoning that occurs when someone attempts to persuade without adequate evidence or with arguments that are irrelevant or inappropriate

Front 29

Problem-and-solution organization

Back 29

Discussing first a problem and then its various solutions

Front 30

Cause-and-effect organization

Back 30

Discussing a situation and its causes or a situation and its effects

Front 31

Refutation

Back 31

Organization according to objections your listeners may have to your ideas and arguments

Front 32

Motivated sequence

Back 32

Alan H. Monroe's five-step plan for organizing a persuasive message

Hint 32

attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action

Front 33

Visualization

Back 33

A word picture of the future

Front 34

Asking your audience a question is what? (Page 407)

Back 34

One effective way to establish a motive for listening

Front 35

Strategies for making your informative speeches more memorable include which of the following? (Page 410)

Back 35

Reinforcing key words verbally and nonverbally

Front 36

Content in an informative speech that would be considered "excellent" would (Page 404)

Back 36

Relate new information to old information that the audience already understands

Front 37

Your audience will more readily understand your informative speech if you do what? (Page 401)

Back 37

Organize your ideas logically

Front 38

People in your audience should understand why they are being informed, regardless of what? (Page 398)

Back 38

The type of informative speech you are delivering

Front 39

Persuasive speeches focus on inviting the audience to do what? (Page 418)

Back 39

Modify or maintain the way they think and feel

Front 40

Content in a persuasive speech that would be considered "excellent" would (Page 425)

Back 40

Have a thesis or central idea that was developed as a persuasive proposition

Front 41

People respond to efforts to persuade when there is what? (Page 421)

Back 41

An emphasis on needs

Front 42

Your listeners, not you, determine whether you have credibility through what? (Page 426)

Back 42

Your competence and trustworthiness

Front 43

The most basic organizational pattern for a persuasive speech is the problem and solution pattern because it (Page 433)

Back 43

Tries to persuade the audience of the solution to a problem that they probably want solved