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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Speech Communication Process |
Speaker Message Channel Listener Feedback Interference Situation |
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Speech Communication Process: Speaker |
Person who is presenting an oral message to listeners |
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Speech Communication Process: Message |
Message: Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else Goal is to have intended message actually communicated Depends on verbal message and non verbal message |
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Non verbal message |
Tone of voice Appearance Gestures Facial expressions Eye Contact |
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Verbal message |
What is said |
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Speech Communication Process: Channel |
How a message is communicated Radio, TV, Telephone |
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Speech Communication Process: Listener
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Person who receives the speaker's message |
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Frame of reference |
A listener's knowledge, experiences, goals, values, and attitude |
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Speech Communication Process: Feedback |
The message, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker |
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Speech Communication Process: Interference |
Anything that impedes the communication of the message to the audience External: Outside noise Internal: Inside thoughts of the audience |
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Speech Communication Process: Situation |
The time and place in which speech communication occurs |
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Ethics: |
Issues of right and wrong in human affairs Moral/immoral, fair/unfair, just/unjust |
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Guidelines for Ethical Speaking |
Have ethically sound goals Be fully prepared Honesty Avoid name calling and abusive language Put ethical principles into practice |
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Plagiarism |
Presenting another person's language or ideas as one's own |
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Global Plagiarism |
Stealing speech entirely from one source Word for word Copy and paste whole thing |
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Patchwork Plagiarism |
Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as own No original content |
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Incremental Plagiarism |
Stealing a quote or small part and not giving credit Has some original content |
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Guidelines for Ethical Listening |
Be courteous and attentive Don't prejudge the speaker Maintain free and open expression of ideas |
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Appreciative Listening |
Listening for pleasure or enjoyment |
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Empathic Listening |
Listening to provide emotional support for a speaker |
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Comprehensive Listening |
Listening to understand the message of the listener |
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Critical Listening |
Listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it |
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4 Causes of Poor Listening: |
Not concentrating Listening too hard Jumping to conclusions Focusing on delivery and personal appearance |
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How to become a better listener: |
Take listening seriously Be an active listener Resist distractions Don't be diverted by appearance or delivery Suspend judgement Focus your listening |
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Focus your listening |
Listen for main points Listen for evidence Listen for technique |
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Developing the speech |
Focusing your topic Developing your topic |
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Developing the speech: Focusing your topic |
Focus on one idea so don't cover too much or too little |
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Developing the speech: Developing your topic |
Have interesting and unique ways to structure the speech Use colorful and descriptive language |
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Organizing the speech: |
Introduction Body Conclusion |
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Organizing the speech: Introduction |
Opening section of the speech |
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Organizing the speech: Body |
Main section of the speech |
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Chronological Order |
A method of speech organization in which the main points follow a time pattern |
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Topical Order |
A method of speech organization in which the main points divide the topic into logical and consistent subtopics |
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Spatial Order |
Main points follow a directional pattern |
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Causal Order |
Main points show cause and effect relationship 2 main points 1) Causes of an event 2) Effects |
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Problem-Solution Order |
1) Existence of problem 2) Presents solution |
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Organizing the speech: Conclusion |
Final section of a speech |
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Delivering the speech: Speaking Extemporaneously |
A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes Manuscript+unrehearsed talk |
