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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Signs of polyneuropathy |
1. sensory: pain/temp (if small unmyelinated), v/p (if large myelinated)
2. motor: distal muscle atrophy (intrinsic hand muscles & digitorum brevis in feet)
3. ABSENT ANKLE JERKS (normal in old person)
4. autonomic: ORTHO HYPO!!!! |
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3 types of polyneuropathies |
1. symmetrical generalized: "stocking glove" 2. multifocal: assymetrical (usually vasculitis) 3. focal mononeuropathy |
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focal mononeuropathies |
-usually from traumatic injuries/entrapment -focal loss of myelin: CONDUCTION BLOCK!!! -good prognosis, Schwann cells replace myelin |
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Diabetic neuropathy |
symmetric generalized |
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severe burning pain, symmetric neuropathy |
EtOH |
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B12 deficiency |
degeneration in spinal cord white matter pathways (the posterior columns and the corticospinal tracts). |
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B6 deficiency |
-often from EtOH -DORSAL GANG -loss of V/P & gait ataxia!!! |
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hypothyroid neuropathy can also have what? |
CARPAL TUNNEL |
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hypothyroid neuropathy |
mucopolysaccharides and edema within the nerve connective tissue and in the tendon sheaths |
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HYPERthyroid neuropathy |
subacute leg weakness and loss of reflexes |
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Vincristine neuropathy |
inhibits microtubule polymerization and interferes with axonal transport |
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begin with stocking-glove tingling, but eventually with profound distal weakness especially foot drop |
Vincristine |
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cis-platin |
mosly V/P!! with lancinating pain |
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Paclitaxel |
ovarian cancer drug that causes neuropathy |
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antiretroviral drug neuropathy |
mostly a PAINFUL SMALL fiber neuropathy |
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Ethambutol |
OPTIC neuropathy |
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encephalopathy, GI Sx, RADIA**** neuropathy |
Pb toxicity!!! |
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where is arsenic found? |
well water |
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arsenic is similar to GBS |
but arsenic causes AXON loss, while GBS is demyelinating |
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high ANCA and polyneuropathy |
ChurgStrauss & Wegeners |
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patient gets URI or Campy, but antibodies directed against the INFECTION, actually attack PERIPHERAL NERVE MYELIN |
GBS |
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GBS time frame |
<3 weeks!!!! |
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most common CN involved in GBS |
7th!!! (often with b/l facial weakness) |
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NO REFLEXES IN GBS |
s |
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EMG for GBS |
CONDUCTION BLOCK! |
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patient is AREFLEXIC, loss of V/P (from myelin), progressive ascending paralysis for a long time |
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy |
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charcot marie tooth (AD!!!) |
distal motor peripheral nerves are affected more than the sensory nerves and patients often present with a very slow and progressive bilateral foot drop and with atrophy below the knees. |
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atrophy in feet of CMT patients |
very high arches and “hammer toes”. |
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confusion, agitation, psychosis, ABDOMINAL PAIN, and PN |
porphyria |
