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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why study marine and lacustrine? |
-50% of NA population live on the coast, increasing yearly -$9 trillion of ensured coastal property -great lakes 90% of US fresh water -coastal pollution |
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Ocean currents |
-driven by prevailing wind patterns on the earth's surface -longshore currents |
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Tides |
the rise and fall of ocean levels as a result of the gravitational attraction of the moon and earth |
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Tide types |
1. spring: larger tide 2. neap: 90 degree to the sun; lower tide |
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Current types |
1. ebb: seaward, water going out 2. flood: landward, water coming inland |
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Water motion |
loop shape motion/pattern that decreases as you go deeper |
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Wind direction, strength, and fetch |
-determines water motion -fetch=distance to keep wind blowing |
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Swash |
landward waves |
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Backwash |
seaward |
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Constructive waves |
swash>backwash |
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Destructive waves |
swash<backwash |
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Littoral zone |
latin for shore; contact between land and water |
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Mean sea level |
based on average of tidal levels |
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Littoral drift |
beach drift and longshore drift |
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Progradation |
more sand arrive than is removed by waves |
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Retrogradation |
more sand is removed than arrives by waves |
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Wave refraction |
-distribution of wave energy along the shore -leads to converging at headlands -leads to diverging in bays |
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Rising sea level/global warming |
-threat is real, uncertain of time schedule and magnitude -eustatic: world wide sea level change -change in water volume of world ocean -change in water holding capacity -coasts and insurance-NPR broadcast-Moral hazard |
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Japan earthquake/tsunami |
-March 11, 2011 -M 9.0 triggered tsunami -16,000 deaths |
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Indonesia /Southeast Asia |
-December 26, 2004 -M 9.15 triggered tsunami -275,000 deaths |
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Aleutian Island, Alaska |
April 1, 1946 |
