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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Right of Way Mnemonic
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Generally Anchoring Our Red Tugboat Diligently Minimizes Surge Loads
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Red over Red
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This boat is dead.
vessel not under command |
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Red over Green
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Sailing machine.
Sailboat not under power |
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Red over White
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Fishing tonight.
fishing boat, not trolling |
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Green over White
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Trawling tonight.
Trawler |
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White over White
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Short Tug-tow in sight.
< 200m |
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White over White over White
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Long Tug, Tow in sight.
> 200M |
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Red over Red over Red
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Rudder Rubbing Rocks.
Vessel constrained by her draft |
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White over Red
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Pilot Ahead
Pilot boat ahead |
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Red over White over Red
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Red When Restricted.
Vessel Restricted in ability to manouver. |
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Stern Light:
Yellow over White |
My tow line is tight.
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Red Right Returning
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When proceeding upstream or into port, Red marks are kept on the right.
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Green Going Out
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When proceeding downstream or out of port, Red marks are kept on the right.
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Sound Signal:
One Blast Short * |
Away from Port
Turn to Starboard |
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Sound Signal:
Two Blasts Short ** |
Turn to Port
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Sound Signal
Three in Turn *** |
Power Astern
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Sound Signal
Blast Quick Five ***** |
To Stay Alive
(Danger or confusion) |
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Fog Signal:
Power boat underway |
One long blast Q2min _
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Fog Signal:
Sailboat, Fishing, Towing, Restricted, Not Under Command |
one long blast and two short blasts Q2min _**
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Convert from True to Compass
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Timid Virgins Make Dull Companions Add Whiskey
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Convert from Compass to True
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Can Dead Men Voate Twice At Elections
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Rule for Handbearing Compass
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Do not comopensate for Deviation
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Beam Bearings
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bearing to marks change more quickly as they approach the Beam. Take them last if possible.
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Bearings
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Bearings change as the boat moves. bearings on the beam change faster then off the bow or stern. Closer bearings change faster then distant ones
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Angles of Bearings
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90 degrees is good, btw 60 - 120 degrees works well.
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Basic Fix
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first bearing on the slowest changing object - farthest ahead or astern, then the second, faster changing object, then do a check on the first (Average)
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Order of Bearings
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Take in order of Rate Of Change, slowest changing first.
Forward/Aft then Abeam/Near Time averaged to the middle of the sequence. |
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Running Fix
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Observe and Plot a LOP. Travel a known Distance and take a second bearing. Advance or Retire the Course. Acurrate Course and Speed Over Ground are needed.
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Distance, Speed and Time Calculations
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60 x D = SxT
or 60 D ST gives you your address |
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Bow and Beam Bearings
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Take a bearing of mark @ 45* off bow, then as it passes your beam @ 90* - the Distance to the mark is the same as the Distance that you traveled btw them (reciprocal works to)
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Doubling The Angle On The Bow
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Take Bearing off the bow 20*, time your passage through a second bearing at 40*.
Distance travelled is equal to the distance from the mark @ the second observation. |
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Colregs:
Collision Bearings |
If you see a vessel on a constant bearing in relation to yourself, YOU ARE ON A COLLISION BEARING. Alter your Course and Speed to let the other vessel know what you are doing.
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Colregs:
Action to avoid collisiions |
DO IT EARLY AND DO IT BIG
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Colregs:
Action by the Give-Way vessel |
Take early and substantial action to keep well clear of the Stand-On vessel.
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Colregs:
Action by the Stand-On Vessel |
Maintain course and speed, unless it becomes apparent that the Give-Way vessel is not taking appropriate action to avoid a colission.
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Lights:
Masthead or Steaming light |
White, over the centerline, 225 degrees forward. Seen from ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam.
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Colregs:
What are Dayshapes |
vessels required to show specila light at night must show special signals during the day. They are black, cylinders, diamonds, balls or cones strung in the rigging.
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Colregs:
Sailboats on opposite tacks |
Vessel on the PORT Tack is the Give-Way Vessel
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Colregs:
Sailboats on the same tack |
Vessel to WINDWARD is the Give-Way Vessel
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Colregs:
Sailboat on a port tack that cannot determine the other vessels tack |
You assume the roll of the Give-Way Vessel
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Colregs:
Sailboat vs Powerboat Exceptions: |
Overtaking a powerboat. Can't navigate in a narrow channel. In a Traffic Lane. Not Under Command. Restricted Manuvering. Fishing or Trawling. Towing
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Colregs:
Define Overtaking |
Comming up on a vessel from a direction more then 22.5 degrees abaft her beam. At night you would only be able to see the Stern Light, not the Sidelights
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Colregs:
Overtaking vs Crossing |
White light only = Overtaking
Sidelight Arc = Crossing When in doubt, assume you are Overtaking and act accordingly |
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Colregs:
Overtaking Right of Way |
Any vessel Overtaking any other vessel shall keep out of the way of the vessel being Overtaken.
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Colregs:
Head-on situation |
Vessels meeting Head-on MUST turn to Starboard.
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Colregs:
Crossing |
Give-Way vessel should NOT ALTER COURSE TO PORT and cross behind the Stand-on Vessel
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Danger Zone
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Any vessel approaching you from the area covered by Your Starboard sidelight (dead ahead to 22.5* abaft your beam) is in your Danger Zone.
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Vessel Orientation at Night:
Red and Green Off your Beam |
Either side, you are crossing in front of another vessel.
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Vessel Orientation at Night:
Red to your Portside or Green to Your Starboard |
Vessel is going away from you.
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Vessel Orientation at Night:
Red off the Starboard Bow |
Is a vessel crossing you (and in your Danger Zone) and is a Stand-On vessel. You must keep clear
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Conduct in Restricted Visibility
Two situations to avoid! |
1 An alteration to Port for a vessel forward of the Beam (except when overtaking)
2 An alteration toward a vessel Abeam or Abaft the Beam. |
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Rules of the Road Mnemonic:
Nuclear Restrictions Constrain Fishing and Sailing, People Say. |
Not under command - Restrained by manuverability - Consrtained by Draft - Fishing - Sailing - Power driven - Seaplanes
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When proceeding down a narrow channel, which side should you stay closer too?
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As close to as is safe and practical to the starboard side.
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What considerations should be taken when manuvering around Anchored or Grounded vessels, Wrecks, Dreges, Tows, Rowboats or Canoes?
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Your speed and the effects of Wake and Wash, Suction and Cavitation, and Bank Effect.
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What considerations should be taken when manuvering around Shorelines, Docks, Floats or Wetlands; other users of the waterways like Swimmers or Divers.
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Your speed and the effects of Wake and Wash, Suction and Cavitation, and Bank Effect.
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If a collision bearing remains constant, what should you do?
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Take action immediately by changing course enough to allow the other vessel to understand what you are doing.
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Lateral Bouy General Lights
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Red or Green
Flashing every 4 seconds (Fl)4s or Quick flashing (Q)1s |
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Lateral Bifurcation Bouy Lights
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Red or Green in the Dominant color
Fl(2+1)6s or Fl(2+1)10s |
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Central Channel or Fairway Bouy Lights
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White light
Morse Code A - Mo(A)6s or (LFl)10s |
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Isolated Danger Bouy Lights
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White light
Fl(2)5s or Fl(2)10s |
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What is the easiest way to remember the light system on Cardinal Bouys?
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White flashing lights that match up with a clock face Fl1s for North, Fl6 plus a long (to help count) for South, Fl3 for East and Fl9 for West.
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Special Purpose Bouys:
All Yellow Solid White With Orange Markings Solid White |
- Cautionary, Scientific, Large Vessel Anchorage.
- Information, control, Hazard, Keep Out or swimming. - Swimming, Diving with a flag |
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Special Purpose Bouys:
What color Light so they display and how often does it flash? |
Yellow lights
One Flash every 4 seconds (Fl)4s EXCEPT Scientific bouys5 Flashed every 20 seconds fl(5)20s |
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Special Purpose Bouys:
All Yellow |
- Cautionary, Scientific, Large Vessel Anchorage.
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Special Purpose Bouys:
Solid White With Orange Markings |
- Information, control, Hazard, Keep Out or Swimming.
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Special Purpose Bouys:
Solid White |
- Swimming, Diving with a flag on top.
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Special Purpose Bouys:
What is special about Scientific bouys? |
They have a different light pattern, Yellow,
5 Flashes every 20 seconds Fl(5)20S |
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Special Purpose Bouys:
What color are Information, Control, Hazard, Keep Out or Mooring Bouys? |
White with Orange markings.
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Special Purpose Bouys:
What shapes do Information, Control, Hazard, Keep Out Bouys display? |
Square = Notice
Circle = Control Diamond = Hazard Diamond with Cross = Keep Out |
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Special Purpose Bouys:
What color do Mooring Bouys display? |
Orange over White
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Name the Points and Inter-Cardinal Points of the Compass and give their direction in degrees
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North = 000 or 360 Degrees
North East = 045 Degrees East = 090 Degrees South East = 135 Degrees South = 180 Degrees South West = 225 Degrees West = 270 Degrees north West = 315 Degrees |
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Proceedure for a Running Fix.
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1 - Take a Bearing
2 - Take Bearing #2 @least 40 degrees apart. 3 - 60xD=SxT to find distance along your course. 4 - Advance or Retire the Course until it crosses the second LOP |
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What precautions should you take when using a Lead Line or a Transit to steer your course?
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Diligently and Aggressivly correct your course back to the correct BEARING - don't trust line of sight off the bow "Dead Ahead". Compensate for Current!
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Five Steps to Lay Off A Course from a Fix.
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1-Draw a line from your Fix to where you want to go.
2- Center hole of protractor over Fix. 3- Square protractor to North on the Chart. 4- Square the protractor and Grid Lines. 5- Read the course in True at the edge of the protractor. |