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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
CO 103
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Spins
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How is OCF defined
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any flight condition in which the aircraft does not respond immediately and properly to flight control inputs
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how can OCF be induced
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uncoordinated (out of balance) flight, improper control inputs, overly aggressive control inputs, structural damage
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what are the 3 phases of OCF
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poststall gyrations, incipient spins, steady state spins
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what causes the aircraft to progress from one stage to another in OCF
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pro-spin controls
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failure to promptly apply proper OCF recovery procedures during the 1st 2 stages of OCF will result in
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a steady state spin
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what are the indications of a post stall gyration
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loss of control effectiveness
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how can post stall gyration be identified (kind of same thing as last question but book separated the 2)
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uncommanded and often rapid aircraft motion about any axis
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T or F during poststall gyration the aircraft just buffets a little
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False - the aircraft could appear to be violently spinning, tumbling, or cartwheeling like a cheerleader
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what are 3 things that are inditive of a poststall gyration
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stalled or near stalled AOA (the aircraft itself is stalled) with stick shaker, transient or erratic airspeed indications, random turn needle indications
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what aerodynamic condition is always present in any OCF
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a stall
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If the poststall gyrations are not corrected what will occur
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incipient spin
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what are the indications of an incipient spin
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oscillatory - rotating motion, stalled AOA with stick shaker, airspeed accel or decel toward the steady state value, turn needle fully deflected in the direction of rotation
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Study prohibited manuevers from ops limits
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or you will be in blues and not flying
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what are the steps to set up a practice an OCF
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ensure proper altitude and cloud clearance, clear for traffic, complete checklist
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before entering the OCF where must the PCL be
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IDLE prior to applying the rudder
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The IP will tell you when to recover
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yep they will
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Name the bold face to recover from an OCF
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PCL - idle, CONTROLS - neutral, ALTITUDE - check then the non bold face is recover from the unusual attitude
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Maintain what rudder position during the OCF recovery
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Neutral
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If you make control inputs during the OCF trying to recover what could this do
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aggravate the OCF condition
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When the controls are neutral what recovers the aircraft from OCF
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the natural stability characteristics of the aircraft
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How will you know when the aircraft is starting to recover ( I think I am reading the book right for this question)
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Yawing motions dampen, pitch down and stabilize nose low, AOA no longer shows a stall, turn needle will give proper indications, airspeed begins to increase
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In an OCF below 6,000 ft occurs what action should you perform
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Eject
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the last step of recovering from an OCF that is not a bold face item is
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Recover from unusual attitude
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How do you know the aircraft is just in an unusual attitude and not OCF
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nose low attitude with no yawing motions
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If an OCF is encountered and recovery is not accomplished or unsuccessful what happens next
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a steady state spin
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a fully stalled aircraft with a constant yaw rate is in a
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steady state spin
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what are the two categories of steady-state spins and how are they characterized
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erect - yaw and positive G stall, inverted - yaw and negative G stall
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How are erect spins practiced (holy crap... giggitty)
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full aft stick, idle power, full rudder applied in the direction of the spin
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Erect spin characteristics
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sustained yaw rate, AOA above 18, turn needle fully deflected, 60° nose low, 2-3 seconds per turn, vsi pegged at 6,000 descent (400-500ft per turn) airspeed stable at 120-135
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How do you set up an erect spin entry
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(same as OCF) proper altitude and cloud clearance, clear the area, complete checklist
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Because of the oil system, during spin entry do not do this
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push to less than 1 G or allow the aircraft to sink before intentionally entering a spin
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How long should you be stabilized at 1 G before spin entry
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5 seconds
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How do you enter the erect spin
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start at 120 KIAS (160 max) nose to 15-40° high, PCL to IDLE, at 80 KIAS increase back pressure to maintain attitude, full rudder and BAM you are in an erect spin
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Where should your rudder and stick be for an erect spin
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stick full aft, ailerons neutral, rudder full deflect
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when do you start the recovery for the erect spin
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before the end of the incipient spin phase
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Why do you not wait for the spin to reach stead state
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because it can result in excess altitude loss
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What would the primary factor be for an inverted spin to occur
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PCL at MAX - because of high engine torque
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What are the characteristics of an inverted spin
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30° nose low, AOA indicating 0, turn needle deflected in the spin direction, airspeed 40 KIAS, accelerometer -1.5Gs
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Since high power is the most likely cause of inverted spins what would be the way to fix it
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reduce power to IDLE
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What is the inverted spin recovery procedure
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Gear, flaps speed brake - retracted, PCL - idle, Rudder - full opposite, Control stick - aft of neutral (up to full aft) recover to level flight
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What could be mistaken for a spin
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a spiral
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How is a spiral characterized
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nose low attitude with rapidly increasing airspeed (through 160) and the AOA less than 18
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You spin me right round right round like a record phun phact
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the aircraft may be rolling yawing or both making the spiral appear like a spin but typically they are more violent
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If you are in a spiral what should you do
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execute inadvertent departure from controlled flight boldface
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if you are spiraling below 6000 ft what should you do
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Eject
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what is a stability demonstration
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maneuver done to show you that even from high pitch attitudes and slow airspeeds aircraft will not spin as long as it isn't allowed to stall
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how do you perform a stability demonstration
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ensure proper altitude and cloud clearance, clear for traffic, complete checklist then (next slide)
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how do you perform a stability demonstration - 2
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160 KIAS at 60% torque, nose high 45°, at 80 KIAS IDLE power and neutralize all controls, allow nose to lower until positive pressure is felt on controls, recover…. This seems retarded
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