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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Ketamine |
Targets glutamate
NMDA channel blocker
Dissociative anaesthetic |
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Drugs to treat parkinsons |
'Loz and sue ride bikes past royal bakeries' Levodopa Amantidine Selegiline,rasegiline Benzatropine Paramipexole,ropinirole,bromocriptine |
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Levodopa |
Treatment of parkinsons Replaces dopamine (that is depleted in PD) in the brain (can cross the BBB) |
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Amantidine |
Treatment of parkinsons Releases dopamine |
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Selegiline rasegiline |
Treatment of parkinsons MAO-B inhibitors |
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Benzatropine
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Treatment of parkinsons Acetylcholine antagonist |
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Paramipexole Ropinirole Bromocriptine |
Treatment of parkinsons Mimic dopamine |
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Treatment of Alzheimers disease |
'Moose goes river dancing' Donepezil Galantamine Rivastigmine Memantine |
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Donezepil Galantamine Rivastigmine |
Treatment of parkinsons Cholinesterase inhibitors (increase Ach)
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Memantine |
Alzheimers treatment Partial NMDA receptor antagonist |
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Management of MS |
Suppress inflammation Reduce relapse and suppress Control muscle tone |
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Methyprednisolone |
MS: suppress inflammation |
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Interferon-B Glatiramer acetate Natalizumab |
Reduce relapse of MS and suppress |
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Baclofen Benzodiazepines Tizadine Bot.toxin dantrolene |
Control muscle tone in MS patients |
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Anti obesity drugs |
Sibutramine
Phentermine
Fenfluramine |
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Sibutramine |
NA/ 5-HT reuptake inhibitor |
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Fenfluramine |
5-HT reuptake inhibitor |
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Phentermine |
Sympathomimetic |
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Fluoxetine Paroxetine |
SSRI
Anorexia and bulimia treatment Antidepressants Anxiolytics |
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Typical antidepressants |
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors SSRIs TCA Selective NA reuptake inhibitors (NARI) |
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Iproniazid |
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Increases monoamines Irreversible/reversible inhibitor of MAO-a or MAO-b (found in all tissues)
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Phenelzine |
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Increases monoamines Irreversible/reversible inhibitor of MAO-a or MAO-b (found in all tissues) |
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Tranylcypromine moclobemide |
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Increases monoamines Irreversible/reversible inhibitor of MAO-a or MAO-b (found in all tissues) |
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Amitriptyline Desipramine Clomipramine |
TCA Inhibit reuptake of:
Amitriptyline= 5-HT and NA Desipramine= NA Clomipramine= 5-HT
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Fluoxetine Citalopram Paroxetine
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SSRI Better selectivity than TCAs with better efficacy and time
Less toxicity in overdose, less weight gain, reduced drug interactions. Be aware of teens and increased suicide risk |
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Lithium |
Treat mood disorder
Stabilises mood and controls mania Must be monitored |
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Atypical antidepressants |
Venlafaxine Nefazodone Mirtazapine |
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Venlafaxine |
SNRI Mixed repute inhibitor
Used in severely depressed |
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Nefazodone |
SNRI and 5-HT2 antagonist
Improved slow wave sleep, Reduced anxiety, reduces sexual dysfunction, sedation
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Mirtazapine |
NA and 5-HT reuptake inhibition
Reduce anxiety, better sleep! |
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Anxiolytic drugs |
Barbituates Benzidiazepines Antidepressants Azapirones Non-benzodiazepines B-adrenoR antagonists Antihistamines |
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Phenobarbitone |
Barbituate Potentiate effect of GABA at GABAa Rs
Anxiolytic |
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Chlorodiazepoxide |
Benzodiazepine Enhances effect of GABA at GABAa Rs
Anxiolytic
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Lorazepam Diazepam Midasolam |
Benzodiazepine Enhances effect of GABA at GABAa Rs
Anxiolytic |
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Buspirone |
Azapirone class 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist
Anxiolytic |
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Zopiclone Zolpidem |
Non benzodiazepine
Anxiolytic |
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Propanolol |
Inhibits SNS outflow and effects |
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Chloral hydrate Promethazine |
H1 receptor antagonist
Anxiolytic |
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Carbamazepine |
Anti-epileptic drug Inhibits Na+ channels
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Phenytoin |
Anti-epileptic drug
Inhibit Na+ and Ca2+ channels |
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Phenobarbitone Diazepam (BDZ) |
Anti-epileptic drug
Potentiate GABA at GABAa receptors |
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Valproate |
Anti-epileptic drug
Potentiate GABA at GABAa receptors Inhibits GABA-T Inhibits SS dehydrogenase Inhibits NA+ channels
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Ethosuxamide |
Anti-epileptic
Inhibit (T-type) Ca2+ channels |
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Iamotrigine |
Anti-epileptic
Inhibit Na+ channels Inhibits L,N and P type Ca2+ channels |
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Gabapentin |
Anti-epileptic
Originally synthesised to be a GABAmimetic Inhibits Na+ channels |
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Vigabatrin |
Anti-epileptic
Inhibition of GABA-T |
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Tiagabin |
Anti-epileptic
Inhibit GABA repute by blocking GABA transporter |
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Talampenel Tezampanel |
Anti-epileptic
AMPA antagonist |
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Salicilates |
Non steroidal anti inflammatories E.g aspirin
Target COX Reduce TxA2 and Increase PGI2 |
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Ibuprofen |
Non steroidal anti inflammatories
COX1 and COX 2 |
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Paracetamol |
Non steroidal anti inflammatories
Target COX 2 and COX 3
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Celecoxib Rofecoxib |
Non steroidal anti inflammatories
COX 2 selective |
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Fluticasone Proprionate |
Glucocorticoids
Asthma treatment |
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Hydrocortisone Prednisone Dexamethasone |
Glucocorticoids
Treat Eczema Prednisone also Rheumatoid arthritis |
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Beclometasone Diproprionate |
Glucocorticoids
Treat rhinitis, allergy |
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Budesonide Dexamethasone |
Glucocorticoids
Treat IBS and Chrohns disease |
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Opioid Desirable effects
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Analgesia Euphoria Constipation Sedation Cough supression
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Opiod Undesirable effects |
Resp depression Constipation Sedation Nausea, vomiting Tolerance Physical dependancy Psych dependancy |
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Opioid drugs |
Morphine: 'gold standard analgesic' Heroin: drug of abuse, rapid brain penetration Codiene:Weaker analgesic Oxycodone Methadone Tramadol:Weak NA uptake inhibitor Fentanyl: Potent anaesthesia Emifentanyl:Potent anaesthesia
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Naloxone |
Treat drug dependance
Blocks response |
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Disulfiram |
Treat drug dependance
For alcoholics Aversive therapy |
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Baclofen |
Treat drug dependance GABAb receptor agonist Reduces alcohol, opioid and stimulant craving |
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Cocaine Crack cocaine |
Blocks dopamine reuptake into nerves
Crack cocaine vaporises at 90.. can be smoked |
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Amphetamine Methamphetamine |
Block repute of dopamine Inhibits degradation of dopamine by MAO Stimulates dopamine release
ACUTE: Increased mood, alertness, insomnia, stamina, anorexia, aggression, psychosis increase HR and BP POST: Fatigue, sedation, deression |
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Ecstacy (MDMA) |
Stimulate Seratonin release Inhibits serotonin reuptake
Can cause neurodegeneration (prozac doesn't) Acute: As amphetamine but no aggression, increase body temp, thirst Post: Depression, anxiety |
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Cannabis |
Acts at CB1 and CB2 Rs (Gi/o GPCRs)
Acute: sedation, feeling of wellness, perceptual change (time), lowered temp, increase HR, hunger, analgesia Post: No physical dependancy- psych? |
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LSD Psilocybin |
Hallucinogens 5-HT2a agonists
Acute: visual disturban, hallucination, euphoria, psychosis, panic flashbacks
Withdrawal: panic attacks, flashbacks, psych disturbance |
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Phenylcyclidine (PCP) Ketamine |
Hallucinogens NMDA receptor agonists
Acute: visual disturban, hallucination, euphoria, psychosis, panic flashbacks
Withdrawal: panic attacks, flashbacks, psych disturbance |
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Methadone |
Treatment of Heroin addiction
orally active Stabilise and maintain or stabilise and withdraw |
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Buprenorphine |
Treatment of Heroin addiction
MOPr agonist
KOPr, DOPr antagonist |
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Pentazocine |
KOPr agonist MOPr antagonist
Potential for abuse If used on heroin addicts they'll show signs of 'withdrawal' |
