Cna Final Exam Review

Front 1

What does the Endocrine System do?

Back 1

Secretes chemicals= hormones

Controls body activities

Front 2

What is the master gland?

Back 2

the pituitary

Front 3

What does the pituitary gland do?

Back 3

produces hormones & controls most other endocrine glands

Front 4

What does the pineal body do?

Back 4

controls sexual development, mood & sleep

Front 5

Adrenal Glands (Fight or Flight) do what?

Back 5

All about "stress and steroids"

Front 6

What are Gonads?

Back 6

Male & female sex glands

Front 7

What are the female gonads?

Back 7

2 Ovaries

Front 8

What are the male gonads?

Back 8

2 Testes

Front 9

Function of Thyroid gland?

Back 9

Controls metabolism

Front 10

Parathyroid: how many & its location?

Back 10

4 glands

Embedded in thyroid gland

Front 11

Function of parathyroid?

Back 11

Control calcium & phosphorus

Front 12

Islets of Langerhans found where?

Back 12

Pancreas

Front 13

What do islets of Langerhans do?

Back 13

Produces--> Insulin & Glucagon

Front 14

Difference between insulin & glucagon?

Back 14

Insulin lowers blood glucose/sugar

Glucagon raises blood glucose/sugar

Front 15

Hyperthyroidism?

Back 15

Overactive thyroid

Front 16

S&S of hyperthyroid

Back 16

irritability, nervousness, weight loss & heat intolerance

Front 17

Tx of hyperthyroid

Back 17

Remove the thyroid

Front 18

Hypothyroid?

Back 18

under secretion

Front 19

S&S of hypothyroid?

Back 19

fatigue, weight gain, & cold intolerance

causes simple goiter

Front 20

Tx of hypothyroid

Back 20

Managed w/ drugs

Front 21

Hypersecretion of parathyroid hormones?

Back 21

hypercalcemia

kidney stones

loss of bone calcium

Front 22

Hyposecretion of parathyroid hormones?

Back 22

abnormal muscle-nerve interaction

severe muscle spasms (tetany)

Calcium replacements needed

Front 23

Adrenal gland function?

Back 23

stress & steroids

Front 24

Underactive Adrenal gland?

Back 24

Addison's Disease --> causes stress intolerance

Front 25

Overactive Adrenal gland?

Back 25

Cushing's Syndrome--> causes edema & weight gain

Front 26

What is diabetes mellitus?

Back 26

Metabolism disorder
too much glucose (sugar in blood) due to problems w/ insulin production

Front 27

Types of Diabetes?

Back 27

Type I (IDDM) Insulin dependent

Type II (NIDDM) not insulin dependent

Front 28

What is Type 1 Diabetes

Back 28

pancreas produces little or no insulin at all

seen more in young people

external source of insulin needed

Front 29

What are the 4 cardinal S&S of type 1 diabetes?

Back 29

Polydipsia --> excessive thirst

Polyuria --> excessive urination

Glycosuria --> sugar in urine

Polyphagia --> excessive hunger

Front 30

What is Type 2 Diabetes

Back 30

pancreas produces insulin, just not enough

adult onset; after 45 yrs

managed by diet, exercise & oral hypoglycemics

Front 31

S&S of Type 2 diabetes

Back 31

easily fatigued

infections

slow healing

itching

burning upon urination

vision changes

obesity

Front 32

Hyperglycemia "Diabetic Coma"

Back 32

caused by undiagnosed diabetes

skipped insulin injections

noncompliance w/ diet

infection

stress

Front 33

Hypoglycemia "Insulin Shock"

Back 33

caused by excessive insulin

delayed/skipped meals

insufficient food

excessive exercise

Front 34

CNA care for diabetic patient?

Back 34

know S&S of hypo/hyperglycemia
monitor I&O
Personal hygiene (foot care!)
Infection control
Monitor/report problems

Front 35

Headache, drowsiness, confusion
sweet fruity breath
deep, labored breathing
full bounding pulse
low BP
N&V
Dry, Hot, Flushed Skin
Weakness, Unconsciousness
Sugar in urine
HIGH blood sugar

Back 35

HYPERglycemia

Front 36

hunger, weakness, dizziness, shakiness
Cold, Moist, Clammy skin
rapid, shallow respirations
nervousness & excitement
rapid pulse
unconsciousness
NO sugar in urine
LOW blood sugar

Back 36

HYPOglycemia