Cmbm- Exam 4- Antibiotics

Front 1

Drug that blocks tubuler secretion of B-lactam antibiotics and keeps them in the body much longer

Back 1

Probenecid

Front 2

Indicated for staph infections that are resistant to penicillin (B-lactamase producers)

Back 2

Nafcillin

Front 3

2nd generation penecillins (2)

Back 3

Amoxicillin and Ampicillin

*Oral bioavailability
*Greater activity vs. gram (+) bacteria
*NOT effective against P. aeruginosa

Front 4

Which penicillin is used in combo with an aminoglycoside, is indicated for specific gram (-) bacteria, and has poor oral bioavailability?

Back 4

Ticarcillin

Front 5

Drug with widest spectrum of all the penicillins

Back 5

Piperacillin

*Used with aminoglycosides for endocarditis

Front 6

Suicide molecules that bind and inhibit lactamase enzymes

Back 6

1) Clavulanic Acid
2) Sulbactam
3) Tazobactum

*Will need a CaST after these hit you!
*These bind to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ticarcillin and piperacillin to give lactamase resistance

Front 7

Drug with a mechanism of action similar to Pens and have a broad spectrum for gram (+), (-) and anaerobes

Back 7

Imipenem

*Don't use with Pen-allergic patients

Front 8

Used in place of penicillin for gram (+) bacteria

Back 8

Vancomycin

Front 9

B-lactam that is very good against gram (-) bacteria and very ineffective against gram (+) bacteria

Back 9

Aztreonam

*No cross reaction w/ penicillin allergic rxns

Front 10

Cef used for surgical prophylaxis

Back 10

Cefazolin

Front 11

2nd generation Cef effective against Neisseria gonorrhea

Back 11

Cefoxitin

Front 12

DOC for resistant gonorrhea

Back 12

Ceftriaxone

*3rd generation Cef
*also used for meningitis and pneumonia

Front 13

3rd generation Cefs (3)

Back 13

Triaxone, Otaxime, Operazone

TOO
Good CNS penetration

Front 14

2nd generation fluoroquinolones

Back 14

Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Lomefloxacin

*COoL*
*Wide distribution with LOW CNS levels
**Interference by antacid formulations

Front 15

Which class of drugs has interference by antacid formulations?

Back 15

Fluoroquinolones (2nd generation)

*Also Tetracylcine

Front 16

Drug that inhibits CYP-450 drug metabolizing enzymes and may increase the t1/2 of other drugs

Back 16

Ciprofloxacin

Front 17

Which fluroquinolone is most active against pseudomonas

Back 17

Ciprofloxacin

Front 18

Which fluroquinolone is indicated in sexually transmitted diseases?

Back 18

Ofloxacin

Front 19

Which class of drugs has the following adverse effects: Photosensitivity and Nephrotoxicity

Back 19

Flurooquinolone

*Crystalluria in ALKALINE urine

Front 20

Which class of bacteriostatic antiobiotics inhibit dihydropteroate synthase?

Back 20

Sulfonamides

*Used alone for uncomplicated UTIs
*ACIDIC urine causes crystalline drug deposits (Crystalluria)

Front 21

Which sullfonamides are used alone for UTI treatment?

Back 21

Sulfisoxazole and Sulfamethoxazole

Front 22

Drug used for local use, such as bowel lumen (ulcerative colitis)

Back 22

Sulfasalzine

Front 23

Sulfonamide used for topical use (opthalmic infections)

Back 23

Sulfacetamide

Front 24

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

Back 24

Trimethoprim

Front 25

Drug of choice for Pneumocystis jiroveci

Back 25

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

Front 26

Increases life-threatening toxic epidermal necrolysis w/ TMP/SMX

Back 26

Trimethoprim

Front 27

Which two antibiotics are chelated by di/trivalent ions?

Back 27

1) Fluroquinolones (2nd generation)
2) Tetracycline

Front 28

Which tetracycline has activity against chlamydia trachomatis, anthrax, cholera, and Lyme disease?

Back 28

Doxycycline

Front 29

The most lipid soluble tetracycline (best into CNS)

Back 29

Minocylcine

*Effective in acne treatment due to increased penetration of the skin

Front 30

Bacteriocidal class of antibiotics that bind irreversibly to the 30S ribosome

Back 30

Aminoglyosides

Front 31

Which aminoglycoside is the best at dealing with bacterial resistance?

Back 31

Amikacin

Front 32

Which two antibiotics are chelated by di/trivalent ions?

Back 32

1) Fluroquinolones (2nd generation)
2) Tetracycline

Front 33

Which tetracycline has activity against chlamydia trachomatis, anthrax, cholera, and Lyme disease?

Back 33

Doxycycline

Front 34

The most lipid soluble tetracycline (best into CNS)

Back 34

Minocylcine

*Effective in acne treatment due to increased penetration of the skin

Front 35

Bacteriocidal class of antibiotics that bind irreversibly to the 30S ribosome

Back 35

Aminoglyosides

*Once-daily dosing

Front 36

Which aminoglycoside is the best at dealing with bacterial resistance?

Back 36

Amikacin (followed closely by netilmicin)

Front 37

Aminoglycoside used to treat TB?

Back 37

Streptomycin

Front 38

Most widely used systemic aminoglycoside

Back 38

Gentamicin

*less expensive; better than tobramycin when used w/ penicillin

Front 39

Only use as an alternative treatment for gonorrhea in patients allergic to pens

Back 39

Spectinomycin

*Can be used during pregnancy*

Front 40

Which bacteriostatic antibiotic binds 50S and inhibits protein synthesis?

Back 40

Macrolides

Front 41

Which macrolide has an increased gram negative spectrum and are used for H. Influenza and N. Gonorrhoeae?

Back 41

Azithromycin

Front 42

Which antibiotic is good for treating gram (-) C. trachomatis and Mycobacterium avium complex (AIDS)

Back 42

Clarithromycin

Front 43

Which two macrolide inhibit cytochrome P-450s?

Back 43

Erythromycin and Clarithromycin

Front 44

Which two antibiotics are used for vancomysin resistant bacteria?

Back 44

Quinupristine-Dalfopristine
Linezolid

Front 45

Antibiotic responsible for "gray baby syndrome"

Back 45

Chloramphenicol