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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rex Sacrificulus |
Meaning: King Sacrificer - Worshipping of Marz (God of War) - There was a circular altar where rites were performed |
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Numa Pompilius |
The Second king of Rome - Romans attributed several religions and cultural institutions to him such as: -Pontifex Maximus (high preist) and Vestals (virgins until age 40) |
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Tarquinius Priscus |
Fifth King of Rome - Wanted to increase the number of Calvary in honor of himself. - Attius Navius opposed, saying only if omens were favorable of this - Tarquinius challenges Attius to guess what he was thinking and do it. (cut a whetstone with a razor) - Navius immediately cuts the whetstone |
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Goddess Fortuna |
Goddess of Fortune, Luck personified Represented in statues and coins Generally a woman with horn of plenty and a rudder Horn of plenty = Fortune Rudder = Guidance in an unpredicatble ocean |
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The Patriarchal Perspective |
Paterfamilias = Father-of-the-household The Paterfamilias had complete power of life and death over his family |
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Paterfamilias |
Father of the household |
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Links between Greek and Roman Myths |
- Odysseus and Circe's two sons - Aeneas (son of Aphrodite) has a son Ascanius, founder of Alba Longa - Numitor (king of Alba Longa) has daughter Rhea Silvia who gives birth to Romulus & Remus (founders of Rome) |
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Dyaus-Pitar |
Indo-european Deity represents the equivalent to Jupiter (Zeus) |
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Juno |
The wife of Jupiter (Zeus) Does NOT act like Hera (Zeus' wife) Characteristics more like a good roman wife |
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Vesta |
Somewhat Represents Hestia Goddess of the hearth, home and family Always shown veiled (as roman wives were supposed to be in public) -Temple of Vesta was important for holding the Palladium |
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Palladium |
Statue of Athena Supposed to protect the city it was held in. Was taken by Aeneas to Italy after the war of troy. |
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Mars |
The father of Romulus (founder of Rome) Title of Avenger in Rome Corresponds to Ares (Greek god of war) Portrayed as much braver than Ares |
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Ceres |
Corresponds to Demeter in Greek Myth Had a larger role in roman myth compared to Demeter in Greek myth |
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The Historicizing of Myth |
Greeks did not specify where certain events happend - Romans began to link real names, places, events, and dates - Romans wanted to link Romulus to Aeneas |
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Link from Romulus to Aeneas |
Ascanius (Aeneas' son) was nicknamed Ilus Ilus was changed to Iulus Iulus was then linked to family of Julli (Julius Caesar) |
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Gens Juliia |
Claimed to descend from Aeneas Most Famous members: Caius Julius Caesar (uncle of Octavius) Caius Octavius (later known as Augustus the first emperer of Rome) |
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Trajan's Column |
A column that has scenes of the roman emperor Trajan's campaigns Scenes coil up the column showing the two wars against Dacians |
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The Trajan's Bridge |
The Romans had to cross a river to reach the Dacians so they built a bridge. Romans were good engineers b/c they were always moving and building camps |
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What separates the top and bottom of the Trajan Column? |
The image of Victory writing on a shield with trophies on either side. |
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The Politicizing of Myth |
Myths are used to justify political realities Connects domestic gods with state gods - Romans were extremely devoted to their state (fulfill duty to state = top priority) Plebeians (lower class) vs Patricians (upper class (religious rites show lots of fights) |
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Lares |
Deities of the Household |
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Penates |
Gods of the Household provisions |
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Lares Praestites |
Guardians of the state Protected the state of Rome Associated with Vesta (goddess of Hearth) |
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Pietas |
Means Respect Extremely important to pay respect to Parents, Gods, State Every emperor was worshiped (except Julius Caesar) Christians/jewish who refused to worship were prosecuted. |
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Pax Romana |
Means Roman Peace The state of order, regularity and harmony Between rule of Augustus and Marcus Aurelius (27 BCE to 180AD) |
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The Roman Hero (3 traits) |
Gravitas (Seriousness of purpose and devotion to duty) Pietas (Respect) Frugalitas (Temperance, Frugality) |
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Horatius Cocles |
Fought against Etrucians when the army was scared Told his army to destroy the bridge into town while he fought the Etrucians on it. He swam back to shore. |
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Cincinnatus |
- A farmer who was asked to be absolute dictator of Rome for 6 months. - He accepts and defeats the enemy in 15 days and gives up his dictatorship - Completed his duty to the state and returned to be a farmer instead of having absolute power over Rome. - represented with a cinascus (symbol of power) and a plow |
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The Greek Hero VS The Roman Hero |
Worshiped at the Great Altar (Ara Maxima) Cult of Hercules founded by Evander and the Arcadians Roman heroes would not behave like Hercules (getting drunk, angry, misbehaved in public) Romans took only the fitting aspects of the heroes. |
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Ara Maxima |
The Great Altar home of the Cult of Hercules |
