Clinical Psych Chapter 17 Keyterms

Front 1

A broad, interdisciplinaryfield of research, education, and practice thatintegrates the behavioral sciences with the discipline of medicine.

Back 1

Behavioral Medicine

Front 2

A wide array of procedures through which a patient learns to modify or control certain physiological processes.

Back 2

Biofeedback

Front 3

A theoretical model that holds that health and illness are a function ofbiological (e.g., genetic predispositions, nutritional deficiencies), psychological (e.g., the individual’s cognitions and emotions), and social (e.g., friends and family, life events) influences

Back 3

biopsychosocial model�

Front 4

Techniques that emphasize the role of thinking in the etiology and maintenance of problems and attempt to modify the patterns of thinking that are believed to contribute to a patient’s problem

Back 4

Cognitive Behavioral Methods

Front 5

A controversial approach to the treatment of alcohol problems that has as its goal light to moderate drinking.

Clients are taught to monitor their alcohol intake closely and to develop coping responses that do not involve drinking

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Controlled Drinking

Front 6

In protection motivation theory, the evaluation of one’s ability to successfullyavoid or cope with negative outcomes.�

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Coping Appraisal

Front 7

An individual who demonstrates effective coping in a stressful situation (e.g., preparing for a medical procedure or surgery)

Back 7

Coping Model

Front 8

A disease that involves damage to the heart muscle and is due to deficient blood supply.

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Coronary Heart Disease

Front 9

The elimination of an undesired conditioned response by creating a situation in which the conditioned stimulus is no longer associated with the environmental stimulus that initially generated the response.

Back 9

Extinction

Front 10

A theoretical model proposing that the relationship between a hostile predisposition and health is mediated by the performance (or lack of performance) of health behaviors rather than by the physiological aspects of stress.

Back 10

Health Behavior Model

Front 11

A specialty area within psychology that applies the tools of the discipline to the prevention of illness, the enhancement and maintenance of health, the identification of the correlates of illness and health, the treatment of Individuals in the health care system, and the formulation of health care policy.

Back 11

Health Psychology

Front 12

The principle whereby behaviors that are reinforced tend to recur, whereas behaviors that are not reinforced or are punished tend to decrease in frequency.

Back 12

Operant Conditioning

Front 13

In health psychology, the idea that by performing a few simple behaviors consistently (e.g., exercising, avoiding smoking, using seat belts), people may dramatically reduce their risk for health problems and may significantly reduce health care costs

Back 13

Prevention

Front 14

Descriptions of what will actually occur when one undergoes a stressful medical procedure.

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Procedural Information

Front 15

A model of health behavior that posits that behavior is a function of both threat appraisal and coping appraisal.

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Protection Motivation Theory

Front 16

A field (popular in the 1940s and 1950s but currently out of vogue) that is based on the assumption that certain illnesses and disease states are caused by psychological factors

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Psychosomatic Medicine

Front 17

A range of strategies for preventing relapse, usually in the context of treating the addictive behaviors

Back 17

Relapse Prevention

Front 18

A state of lowered anxiety, stress, and physiological arousal.

Back 18

Relaxation

Front 19

People’s beliefs about their capacity to control or gain mastery over the events that affect them

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Self Efficacy

Front 20

This construct plays a prominent role in most social-cognitive models of health behavior

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Self Efficacy

Front 21

A record often employed in cognitive-behavioral treatments on which individuals monitor the occurrence of a certain emotional response, including the situation that triggered it, the strength of the emotions, any physical or behavioral reactions, and their thinking processes at the time.

Back 21

Self Monitoring Record

Front 22

Descriptions of the sensations that will be encountered when one undergoes a stressful medical procedure.

Back 22

Sensory information

Front 23

The number and quality of one’s social relationships.

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Social Support

Front 24

The portion of the nervous system that is responsible for mobilizing body resources in urgent situations.

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Sympahatetic Nervous System

Front 25

A respondent method for reducing anxiety in which patients practice relaxation while visualizing anxietyprovoking situations of increasing intensity. This technique is based on the principle that one cannot be relaxed and anxious simultaneously

Back 25

Systematic Desensitization

Front 26

In protection motivation theory, the evaluation of negative factors (e.g., the potential for harm) that affect the likelihood of engaging in a particular behavior.

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Threat Appraisal

Front 27

A model that views stress as a process that involves an environmental event, its appraisal (as threatening or benign) by the individual, the individual’s physiological, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses to the event, and the reappraisal of the event that occurs secondary to the person’s responses as well as to changes in the stressor.

Back 27

Transactional Model of Stress

Front 28

A personality pattern that has been associated with increased risk for coronary heart disease

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Type A behavior pattern

Front 29

exhibit a great sense of time urgency, work near maximum capacity even when there is no time deadline, become aggressive and hostile when frustrated, and are motivated to master their environments and to maintain control

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Type a Behavior Pattern