Clinical Pharm Central Nervous System

Front 1

What is the effect of GABAa receptor agonists?

Back 1

GABAa agonists, opens ligand-gated Cl channels, which allow the influx of Cl ions and decrease the excitability of target cells

Front 2

What is the effect of GABAb receptor agonists?

Back 2

GABAb agonists open G-protein coupled channels, which allow the efflux of K & decrease the excitability of target cells

Front 3

Which major class of drugs potentiates GABA binding to GABAa receptors increasing the duration of Cl- ion channel opening, which allows for the influx of Cl-ions and decreases the excitability of target cells?

Back 3

Anxiolytic agents

Front 4

What are the similarities and differences between the axiolytic agent zolpidem (Ambien) and benzodiazepines?

Back 4

Both potentiate GABA binding to GABAa receptors; but they are structurally different

Front 5

T/F
The use of short acting benzodiazepines appear to be potentially inappropriate in older adults, independent of diagnosis or condition, when daily doses exceed the suggested maximum, i.e.,smaller doses of may be effective as well as safer

Back 5

True

Front 6

T/F
Long-acting benzodiazepines appear to be potentially inappropriate drugs when used in older adults, independent of diagnosis or condition, because in elderly patients they produce prolonged sedation and increase the risk of falls

Back 6

False

Front 7

T/F
The use of benzondiazepines should be considered potentially inappropriate in older adults in associated with certain diagnoses or conditions, i.e.stress incontinence, depression, COPD and history of syncope and falls because the benzodiazepines increase incontinence, increase depression, Decrease respiration, and increases ataxia and increases the risk of syncope and falls, respectively.

Back 7

TRUE

Front 8

Which anticonvulsant inhibits depolarizing Na+ ion influx into neurons?

Back 8

Phenytoin (dilantin), lamictal (lamotrigine)

Front 9

Prior to the initiation of therapy in patient with a history of seizure disorder, the oral healthcare provider should confirm compliance with anticonvulsant regimen and determine baseline vital signs because _____________________.

Back 9

Administration of LA may cause CNS depression with the concomitant use of anticonvulsants

Front 10

T/F
The most often prescribed antipsychotic agents (olanzapine [Zyprexa], quatepine [Seroquel], and risperidone [Risperidal]) act as agonists at adrenergic alpha1 and alpha2 and histamine H1 receptors?

Back 10

False they Antagonize these receptors

Front 11

T/F
The most often prescribed antipsychotic agents (olanzapine [Zyprexa], quatepine [Seroquel], and risperidone [Risperidal]) are all mixed serotonin and dopamine receptor antagonists

Back 11

True

Front 12

T/F
The most often prescribed antipsychotic agents (olanzapine [Zyprexa], quatepine [Seroquel], and risperidone [Risperidal]) modulate motivation, goal-directed thinking, affect, and positive reinforcement (reward) by their effect on dopaninergic D2 receptors

Back 12

True

Front 13

T/F
The most often prescribed antipsychotic agents (olanzapine [Zyprexa], quatepine [Seroquel], and risperidone [Risperidal]) increase the threshold for neuronal firing, particularly in the cortex through their effect on serotonergic 5HT2-receptors

Back 13

True

Front 14

T/F
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) inhibit presynaptic reuptake of serotonin (5HT)

Back 14

True

Front 15

T/F
Tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit the postsynaptic uptake of both norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5HT)

Back 15

False

Front 16

T/F
Atypical antidepressants, such as bupropion (Wellbutrin) and trazodone (Desyrel), inhibit the reuptake of both norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5HT) into cytoplasmic vesicles and facilitate their degradation.

Back 16

FALSE

Front 17

T/F
Antidepressants are effective in the management of nococeptive pain

Back 17

FALSE

Front 18

Prior to the initiation of therapy in patient with history of major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BPD), the oral healthcare provider should confirm compliance with depressant regimen and determine baseline vital signs because _____________.

Back 18

There is a potential for CNS excitation w/concomitant use of antidepressants and other CNS stimulants (vasoconstrictor!) and there is potential to develop serotonin syndrome

Front 19

The most common shared oral adverse effect associated with anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, antipsychotic, and antidepressant drugs is xerostomia, which may be treated with _____________________.

Back 19

Oral moisturizing agents, lubricants, saliva substitutes, sialagogues (pilocarpine, cevimeline, bethanechol chloride)