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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Prealbumin
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Synthesized by the liver
Reference range = 20 - 40 mg/dL |
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Alpha Fetoprotein
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Synthesized by fetal yolk sac and fetal liver during first trimester.
Hepatitis and cirrhosis may produce slight increase Hepatocellular and germ cell carcinomas may have levels greater than 1000 ng/mL If maternal serum AFP is >2x median = increased risk of neural tube defect < 0.8 x median = increased risk of Down Syndrome |
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Alpha-1 Antitrypsin
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Reference Range = 100-200 mg/dL
Acute phase reactant - binds and inhibits proteolytic enzymes. Can diffuse into interstitial fluid and neutralize neutrophil elastase |
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Haptoglobin
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Ref Range = 30 -200 mg/dL
Decreased values = intravascular hemolysis |
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Ceruloplasmin
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Ref Range = 20 - 60 mg/dL
Catalyzes the oxidation/reduction of iron low is seen in Wilson's disease High seen in acute inflammation |
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Which plasma protein catalyzes the oxidation/reduction of iron?
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Ceruloplasmin
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Alpha-2 Macroglobulin
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Ref Range = 130-300 mg/dL
binds proteolytic enzymes in the kinin, complement, coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways. |
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Beta-2 Microglobulin
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Ref Range = <2 mg/L
Found on surface of all nucleated cells. Shed by cells into plasma, filtered by glomeruli and reabsorbed by the tubules in the kidney. Plasma levels correlate to lymphocyte activity Urine levels are increased in renal tubular diseases. |
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Beta-2 Microglobulin Stage 1
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serum Beta-2-Microglobulin < 3.5 mg/L
AND serum albumin > 3.5 g/ dL |
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Beta-2 Microglobulin Stage 2
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Serum B2M < 5.5 mg/L but >3.5
OR serum albumin <3.5 g/dL or both |
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Beta-2 Microglobulin Stage 3
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Serum B2M > 5.5 mg/L
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CRP
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Ref Range = .1 - 10 mg/L
Can activate classical complement pathway without antibody. Acute Inflammation can increase CRP up to 2000x within 24 hrs. |
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C-Reactive Protein signs of Myocardial Infarction
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CRP < 1 mg/L = low risk
CRP 1 - 3 mg/L = Moderate risk CRP >3 mg/L = High risk |
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Bence- Jones Protein
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Light chains not attached to immunoglobulins
Production of excess light chains by B lymphs is found in Multiple Myeloma. Serum light chains not always elevated b/c they filter through the kidney but urine proteins will be. |
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Which plasma protein can activate the classical complement pathway without antibody?
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CRP
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Which plasma protein is found on the surface of all nucleated cells? and the levels correlate with lymphocyte activity?
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Beta-2- Microglobulin
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Which plasma protein is low in Wilson's disease and High in inflammation?
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Ceruloplasmin
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100 - 200 mg/dL
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reference range of A-1 Antitrypsin
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30-200 mg/ dL
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reference range of Haptoglobin
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Which Acute phase reactant - binds and inhibits proteolytic enzymes.
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Alpha - 2 - Macroglobulin
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20 - 40 mg/L
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reference range of Prealbumin
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.1 - 10 mg/L
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referene range of CRP
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<2 mg/ L
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reference range of
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Urine levels of what plasma protein are increased in renal tubular diseases.
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Beta-2-Microglobulin
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