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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What the primary difference between food allergy and intolerance? |
immune response - allergy
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What are the two most common food items cause most anaphylactic deaths?
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peanuts and tree nuts
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What are the most common food allergens?
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peanuts
tree nuts soy dairy fish/shellfish |
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T/F. All pregnant women regardless of family hx should avoid most common allergens during breast feeding?
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false, not across the board recommendation
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T/F
Cows milk protein is most allergic to infants and should consume goats milk |
false goats hard in renal cause GI bleed
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If a person gas a latex allergy which food would they have the most reaction to?
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bananas
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What are the two types of dialysis?
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hemodyialysis - a machine is used to filter the blood outside the body
periteneal dialysis - fluid is pumped into the abdominal cavity and extracted the waste |
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Describe nephretic syndrome
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acute glomeruluritis
after strep |
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Why are the Sx of nephritic syndrome?
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hematuria |
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What is the MNT for nephritic syndrome?
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restrict sodium if HTN or edema |
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With progressive renal disease, what is the GFR to begin protein restriction? How many kcal/day? |
GFR <30 .6g -.75 g/kg ABWEF if <25 GFR restrict to 6g
35 - 40 kcal/kg bdy wt |
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High levels of phosphorous with renal failure patients make the blood vessels _________. |
rigid increasing the risk of heart attack must control HTN. They must take the phosphorus binder or they will die from a heart attack. |
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If you are on a phosphorus restricted diet what foods do you need to restrict? |
dairy meats dark colas nuts |
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MNT for stages 1 & 2 for CKD? |
focus on HTN, HLP and DM |
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MNT for stages 3 & 4 for CKD? |
Protein .6-.75 g/kg ABWEF when GFR is <25 >50% HBV neprotic syndrome .8-1.0 g/kg 35kcal unless obese > 60 yo 30-35 kcal/kg ABWEF 35kcal/kg ABWEF <60 yo sodium 1-3 g Phosphorus 10 mg/kg/day Ca+ 1-1.5 g/kg |
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What is hemodialysis? |
wastes and uremic toxins are filtered from the blood by the dialysis fluid a fistula in the arm is created blood is filtered |
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What is peritoneal dialysis? |
gives better results used by the peritoneal cavity the peritoneum acts as a semipermeable membrane across which excess body fluid and solutes are removed results from cleaner blood but raises risk of infection.
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What are the two types of peritoneal dialysis? |
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Continuous Cyclical Peritoneal Dialysis (CCPD) |
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What is a fistula? |
connecting an artery directly into a vein forces more blood flow into the vein |
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What is the MNT for stage 5 CKD? |
Protein 1.2 g/kg 50% should be HBV Potassium 2-3 g/day for hemodialysis and 3-4 g for peritonealdialysis peritonitis need to increase protein even more 50-100% Energy to prevent catabolism: 30-35g/kg ABWEF >60 35 g/kg ABWEF <60 Sodium dialysis pt needs to restrict sodium Allowed 4-5 pounds between dialysis no more than 5% bdy wt Phosphorus 800-1200 mg/day or <17 mg/kg ABWEF Ca+ dairy restricted due to high Phosphorus no more than 2g per day. Ca+ in phosphate binders. Ca+ assoc with higher death rate. Fe+ supplement apart phosphate binder Renal vitamin - all water sol NO Vit K! Due to anti-coagulants bc of heart disease |
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ESRD starts at which stage? |
stage 5 |
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What are the risk factors for CKD? |
DM proteinureia with DM need to test 2x a year African American Male Stroke Pain meds CVD - main cause of mortality over 50% cause death |
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What are the goals for ESRD? |
maintain nutritional status control edema and electrolytes palatable attractive diet prevent renal osteodystrophy |
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Lipids in ESRD |
atherosclerosis is common High TG High cholesterol treat with nutrition and pharmacology |
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40-50% of all patients starting dialysis will have _____________ |
DM
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What medications are you on for life after a kidney transplant? |
immunosuppresants |
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For the first month after transplantation what is the MNT? |
Protein 1.3-2 g/kg 30-35 kcal/kgbdy wt 80-100 mEq Na+ |
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What is the MNT after the first month post op kidney transplantation? |
Protein 1 g/kg kcal to achieve IBW Na+ based on client watch hydration watch hyperlipidemia and weight glucose levels hyperglycemia is common
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________ disease is the leading cause of death in kidney transplant patients. |
Cardio vascular disease |
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What is polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? |
genetic disorder that causes multiple fluid filled bilateral cysts in the kidneys and can affect the liver, pancreas, colon, blood and heart valves. |
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What are the signs and symptoms of PKD? |
back or side pain, HTN, progressive lodd of kidney function, hematuria, N/V, chronic headaches Goal prevent renal failure
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What is the MNT of PKD? |
sodium 2g modified diet control protein intake reduce caffeine intake promote weight loss if over weight
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What are kidney stones? |
form when calcium, oxalate or uric acid is present in the urine higher than normal amounts |
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What are the types of kidney stones? |
calcium uric acid struvite cystine |
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MNT kidney stones |
fluid 3L day hydrate through the night cranberry used for uti's and struvite stones black current may prevent uric acid stones reduce oxalate foods - spinach strawberris, nuts, animal proteins Omega-3 weight loss don't restrict calcium in diet don't take supplements (can contribute to stones)
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What are the two most common causes of acute and chronic kidney disease? |
DM and HTN |
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Which food is not high in potassium? melons seeds bananas baked potatoes
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seeds |
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Which food is not high in phosphorous? baked beans oranges chocolate milk nuts
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oranges |
