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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
BMP (aka chem 7) contains...
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-lytes
-BUN/Cr -glucose |
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CMP =...
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BMP + LFT
|
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What are the 'lytes' that are tested?
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-Na
-K -Cl -CO2 |
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Cholesterol panel includes...
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-TC
-LDL -HDL -TG |
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TFT tests for...
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-T3
-T4 -TSH |
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What cardiac enzymes are tested?
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-myoglobin
-CPK -troponin -MB fraction -LDH |
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osmolality
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-conc of solutes in solution
-use with lytes to assess the kidney function -high osmo stimulates ADH to cause for water reabs and dilute the particles |
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Factors that can influence your chemistry results...
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-hemolysis (effects K)
-timing (blood sugars, cortisol) -lab error (repeat the test) |
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BUN
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-end-product of protein metabolism, formed in the liver and excreted in the urine
-NL: 10-20 -use in conjunction with Cr |
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Elevated BUN...
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-azotemia
|
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Dec'd BUN...
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-liver disease
-fluid overload -malnutrition -early pregnancy -nephrotic syndrome |
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prerenal azotemia
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-Urea levels rise with hemorrhage, shock, trauma, sepsis, diets high in protein, increased protein catabolism (tumors), dehydration
|
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postrenal azotemia
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-urethral obstruction
|
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SCr
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-NL: 0.5-1.2
-depends on muscle mass -more stable than BUN (better reflection of kidney function) |
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elevated SCr
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-decreased renal function &/or renal blood flow, diabetic nephropathy, urinary tract obstruction, rhabdomyolysis, increased muscle mass
|
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dec'd SCr
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-loss of muscle mass
|
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BUN/Cr ratio
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-NL: 10:1
-If >15:1, look for prerenal causes -<10:1, look for liver disease, low protein diets, dialysis |
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Na
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-NL: 136-145
-critical values <120 or >160 -Major extracellular cation |
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hyponatremia
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-most common electrolyte disturbance in hospitalized patients
-Never replenish Na more than 12mEq/L/day |
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hypovolemic hyponatremia
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-n/v/d
-diuretics |
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hypervolemic hyponatremia
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-CHF, edema, ascites, IV fliuds
|
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euvolemic hyponatremia
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-SIADH
|
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hypernatremia
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-find thirst and hyper-reflexia
-Causes- inc. water losses, burns, diabetes insipidis, hyperaldosteronism, Cushing’s syndrome |
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K
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-NL: 3.5-5
-Predominant intracellular cation -Ace-inhibitors increase K+ |
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hypokalemia
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-alkalosis
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