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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Solstices |
Summer solstice - June 21 - most hours of sun - poles are the most tilted toward the sun Winter solstice - December 21 - least hours of sun - poles are the most tilted away from the sun |
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Insulation |
The amount of solar energy/heat received by a region on Earth |
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Angle of inclination |
Degree by which the Earth's poles are tilted from the plane of its orbit |
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Composition of air |
Nitrogen - 78 % Oxygen - 21 % Carbon dioxide - 0.03 % Hydrogen - 0.01 % Argon - 0.94 % |
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Composition of water |
97 % salt water 3 % fresh water 》2 % frozen 》1 % not frozen |
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Lithosphere |
- continents - solid earth |
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Hydrosphere |
- water on earth |
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Atmosphere |
- 4 layers - the air surrounding the earth |
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Troposphere |
- Thickness- 0 - 10 km - Layer closest to earth |
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Stratosphere |
- Thickness- 10 - 25 km - Ozone layer right on top (protection from harmful sunlight) - 2nd layer from the earth |
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Mesosphere |
- Thickness- 25 - 100 km - 3rd layer from earth |
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Thermosphere |
- Thickness- 100 - 400 km - meteors burn up here - northern lights happen here - Highest layer from Earth |
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Albedo |
Percent of solar radiation that Earth reflects High - light colored surfaces Low - dark colored surfaces |
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Greenhouse effect |
Absorption of thermal energy by the atmospheric gases |
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Net radiation budget |
Difference between the amount of incoming radiation and outgoing radiation re-emitted from Earth's surface and atmosphere Net radiation budget = Incoming radiation - Outgoing radiation |
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Conduction, Convection and Radiation |
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Atmospheric pressure |
The pressure exerted by the mass of air above any point on earth's surface |
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Coriolis effect |
The deflection of any object from a straight line path by the rotation of earth |
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Global wind patterns |
Transfer thermal energy (heat) from net radiation surplus to net radiation deficit |
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Jet streams |
A band of fast moving air in the stratosphere |
