Classics 2300 Images Apr

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Madrid Mosaic, 2 Equites2 referees

Equites: Horsemen/KnightsOnly fought other horsemenOpening act for Gladiatorial Combat.White Tunics, brimmed helmet,manica (arm guard) sword and shield

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Provocator – Challenger

Type of Imperial Gladiator from era of RepublicAttire:

Non-brimmed visored helmet, neck guard in back, Subligaculum = loinclothgreave on left legconcave rectangular shieldBreastplate (only type to have breastplate)

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Thraex – (Thracian)Only Ethnic type of Gladiator in Imperial period

Equipment:

Curved sword (sica)Small oblong shieldManica on right armBrimmed helmet with griffin on topExtra long quilted leggings

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Hoplomachos- ( from Greek “hoplite”)

Equipment:

Manica on right armExtra long quilted leggingsSmall Shield- circular and concaveDagger and Spear as weapons

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MurmilloOne of most heavily armed.

Helmet with angular crestLarge Oblong shield

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(Zliten Mosaic 2nd Century CE)

Retiarisu (Net Man)Not based on military garb.

Armed with Fuscina -trident, net, dagger, Galerus- protector for shoulderManica on left arm Greaves

Had to rely on speed and agility to fatique his more heavily armed opponents

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Secutor (Pursuer)Created as opponent to Retiarius;

another name= contraretarius

Same equipment as murmillo except helmetBrimless helmet with 2 small eyeholes.

Retiarius vs. Secutor became the most popular pairing.

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Pollice Verso

Jean Leon Gerome- 1872

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Bikini Girl Mosaic- Sicily

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Olympia, “Bubo lifted me over his head with one hand” Rock weighing 143kg = 315 lbs.

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Relief of two Gladiatrices(Female Gladiators)Named Achillea and AmazoniaHalicarnassus

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mosaic of athletes at the baths of caracalla

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Polycleitus' Heracles

Baths of Caracalla

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Polycleitus' Doryphorus

Baths of Caracalla

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Heracles Torso

Baths of Caracalla

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Myron's Discobolus

Baths of Caracalla

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Coin from Perinthos, depictingCaracalla receiving the apples of HesperidesFrom Heracles.

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Roman copy of Apollo LykeiosLouvre

location of fictional conversation btwn solon and anacharsis

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Kleobis and Biton

Solon on happiness:

"“Someone with vast wealth is no better off than someone who lives from day to day, unless good fortune attends him, and sees to it that, when he dies, he dies well and with all his advantages in tact…. The person who has and retains more advantages than others, and then dies well is the one who deserves the description of “most happy.”. It is necessary to consider the end of anything, however, and so see how it will turn out, because the god often offers prosperity to men, but then destroys them utterly and completely.”

- Lucian

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Roman relief of Theseus- discovering the tokens of his father

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Base of a Funerary Kouros, 510-500 BCE, National Museum of Athens (back)

- concept of early aging in gr. athletes?

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Base of a Funerary Kouros, 510-500 BCE, National Museum of Athens (front)

- concept of early aging in gr. athletes?

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Milo of Croton, Puget1682 CE, Louvre

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Pheidia’s Zeus at Olympia430-422 BCE

- moved to Constantinople; palace of Lausus

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Byzantine chuch on site of Pheidias workshop

- evidence of Christianity at olympia

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- fallen pillars at temple of Olympian Zeus

Earthquakes at Olympia: 522, 551 CE

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- victory monument for Porphyrius

- byzantine charioteer

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Ruins of the Hippodrome in Constantinople, Engraving from 1600

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Panathenaic stadium; site of opening ceremonies for Athens 1896 olympics

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Athens 1896 Olympic medals

Victors received Silver Medal, Olive Branch, and Diploma

2nd place: Copper Medal, Laurel Branch, and Diploma

Medals: Zeus holding Nike, goddess of Victory; reverse side: Athenian Acropolis

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Sandow as the Farnese Heracles, 1893

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London 1948 Olympics –Discobolus in front of Big Ben (Hellenism = Democracy; contra 1936 imagery)

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(compare to v similar russian v.)

Coins from 1980 and 1984 Olympics- competing uses of DiscobolusCold War Games:

Moscow 1980 Olympics vs. Los Angeles 1984 Olympics

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Discobolus on the Euro 2004

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Athens 2004 Olympics: The Price of Phil-Hellenism.