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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Myth |
Spoken word, utterance, something that is said Orally translated, meaning the author is unknown Changes as it is transmitted through space and time |
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Tradition |
"Trado"; handed over, transmitted |
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Divine Myth |
Explains natural phenomena Reflects Greek social structure Major characters are anthropomorphic gods |
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Anthropomorphic |
Human shaped |
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Legend/Saga |
Historical Phenomena Gods are often involved, but major characters are mortals who are superior to others |
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Folktale |
Fantasy in which power structures invert Ordinary mortals Trickster is often involved Comic/happy ending |
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Fable |
Didactic Involves animals with human characteristics About everyday moral behaviour |
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Didactic |
Teaches a lesson |
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Types of evidence for Greek myths |
1. Text 2. Vase paintings 3. Archaeological sites 4. Paintings 5. Mosaics 6. Sculptures 7. Funerary objects 8. Coins |
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Minoan Civilization |
3000 - 1400 BCE Island of Crete Non Indo-European therefore non Greek Open palace complex without fortification Emphasis on art, engineering Naval domination of Eastern Mediterranean Female figurines, bulls and labrys (double axe) |
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Mycenaean Civilization |
1650 - 1150 BCE Indoeuropean - Greek Fortress palaces were on top of hill tops Some Minoan culture aspects Linear B writing Aristocratic social hierarchy |
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Dark Ages |
1100 - 800 BCE Decline in population Absence of literacy Decline in economy Poor quality of artifacts Waves of emigration to Asia Minor Lack of evidence |
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Archaic Period |
800 - 480 BCE Rise in trade and travel Phoenician alphabet - literacy Growing interest in science Growth of city states Olympic games 776 BCE Persian wars Democracy in Athens 510 BCE Sculptures were influenced by Egypt |
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Classical Period |
480 - 323 BCE Athenian dominance in Greek confederacy Based on naval strength Pericles a major statesman Increase in art, drama, education, architecture Evolving democracy Peloponnesian Wars 431-404 BCE Alexander the Great 356 - 323 BCE |
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Hellenistic Period |
323 - 146 BCE Successors of Alex the Great ruled areas around the Mediterranean, Near East and Egypt Cosmopolitan culture Ended when Rome conquers Greece in 146 BCE |
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Hesiod |
700 BCE Archaic period Region of Boeotia (cow land) Theogony Works and Days |
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Theogony |
Theo + gone Birth of Gods |
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Cosmogony |
Creation of the world/universe |
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Greek idea of the Universe |
Earth is a dinner plate, very flat Sky is a bowl Hades Tartarus is the lowest level |
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Early Greek Epic Song |
Sung by a single performer Dactylic hexameter - 6 dactyls - long short short Repetition - increases time Formulae - lines that fill in the meter Epithets - phrases used to describe (can replace their name) Ring composition - will come full circle, helps with improvisation |
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Muses |
Zeus + Mnemosyne (Memory) Live on Mount Helikon Teach Hesiod how to sing |
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Titanomachy |
Battle with the Titans Zeus has sentenced them to Tartarus Still alive but imprisoned there |
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Typhonomachy |
Zeus' battle with Typhoios (dragon) |
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Aitiology |
Why we do thing a certain way |
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Golden Age |
Age of Kronos (Saturn) No work, grief, old age Easy death in their sleep Live like gods Food was bountiful The spirits are now roaming the land dispersing justice and wealth |
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Silver Age |
Infant with your mother for 100 years When you did age you would die from your foolishness Made no sacrifices to the gods Zeus destroys them |
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Bronze Age |
War Ate no food Strong and wild Everything was made of bronze Killed each other off Nobody was remembered |
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Age of Heroes |
Died in commemorated myths Live in Elysium/Isles of Blest Have 3 harvest seasons/year - symbolizing high agricultural labour = good life |
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Iron Age |
Hesiod's era - doesn't want anything to do with them Full of troubles Children are born with grey hair Dishonour their parents No justice War Shame and Nemesis leave the earth therefore no remorse or justice |
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Katabasis |
Going to the underworld and coming back again alive |
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Exogamous |
Marriage Taking the girl away from the home |
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Virilocal |
Marriage Bride went to live at the husband's home |
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1. Eggue |
Arranged between father and future husband Gifts/tasks proving he is worthy |
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Parthenos |
Virgin, maiden, unmarried |
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2. Ekdosis |
Giving away the bride She is washed in special water to purify, and adorned by the woman in the house Feast at the father's house, torch lit procession on a horse drawn carriage to the husbands house Crossing of the threshold Space where she does not belong to either the father or the husband |
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3. Gamos |
Marriage Consummation of the wedding nigh |
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Gyne |
Wife, woman, mother of sons |
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Funerary Ritual |
Corpse is washed, dressed and adorned by the females Torch lit procession - horse drawn carriage to the burial ground - new home Offerings are made to the underworld |
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Eos and Tithonus |
Eos asked the gods to make Tithonus immortal, but forgot to ask to make him ageless |
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Ephebe |
Young man
18-20 About to enter the military |
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Catasterization |
Becoming immortal - constellation |
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Sparagmos |
Torn apart limb from limb |
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Omphagos |
Eating raw flesh |
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Brauronia |
Bear dance Rituals of Artemis |
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Thiasos |
Group of followers - Dionysus |
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Maenads/Bacchants |
Females who followed Dionysus |
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Satyrs |
Men who are half animal |
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Thiasos
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Dionysiac sacrificial ritual Capturing a wild animal + sparagmos + omophagia |
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Why do people sacrifice their lives for war? |
They receive glory and honour which will outlive them |
