Ckt#1 Lp 17 Longitudinal Separation

Front 1

Courses whose protected airspaces are concident, overlap, or intersect and whose angular difference is less than 45 degrees.

Back 1

Same Courses

Front 2

Intersecting courses whose angular difference is 45 through 135 degrees inclusive.

Back 2

Crossing Courses

Front 3

Courses whose protected airspaces are coincident, overlap, or intersect and whose angular difference is greater than 135 degrees through 180 degrees inclusive.

Back 3

Opposite/Reciprocal Courses

Front 4

Longitudinal spacing of aircraft at the same altitude by a minimum distance expressed in units of time or miles.

Back 4

Longitudinal Separation

Front 5

Separate aircraft longitudinally by requiring them to use one of the following methods, as appropriate:

Back 5

• Depart at a specified time
• Arrive at a fix at a specified time
• Hold at a fix until a specified time
• Change altitude at a specified time or fix

Front 6

Use mileage-based (DME and ATD) procedures and minima only when ___ are maintained.

Back 6

direct pilot-controller communications

Front 7

The distance measured from a point in space by systems using area navigation reference capabilities that are not subject to slant range errors.

Back 7

Along-Track Distance (ATD)

Front 8

20 miles is the standard minima between:

Back 8

• DME-equipped aircraft
• RNAV-equipped aircraft using ATD
• DME and ATD equipped aircraft, provided DME aircraft is at or below 10,000 or farther than 10 miles from the DME NAVAID

Front 9

Standard longitudinal separation minima (in minutes) ("all other aircraft")

Back 9

10

Front 10

Using "Say DME" instead of "Say position" ensures all aircraft use DME mileages which allow ___.

Back 10

all aircraft to have the same slant range error

Front 11

Must coordinate with next facility/sector if separation is ___.

Back 11

less than 10 minutes.

Front 12

44 Knot Rule

Minima when lead aircraft is at least 44 knots faster between:

Back 12

• Non-DME aircraft-3 minutes
• DME and/or RNAV using atd aircraft-5 miles
• DME and ATD aircraft-5 miles (DME aircraft is at or below 10,000 or father than 10 miles from DME NAVAID)

Front 13

Use the 44 Knot Rule when:

Back 13

• A departing aircraft follows an aircraft which has taken off from the same or an adjacent airport
• An enroute aircraft follows an enroute aircraft
• A departing aircraft follows an enroute aircraft

Front 14

22 Knot rule

Minima when lead aircraft is at least 22 knots faster between:

Back 14

• Non-DME aircraft-5 minutes
  
• DME and/or RNAV using ATD aircraft-10 miles
• DME and ATD aircraft-10 miles (DME aircraft is at or below 10,000 or farther than 10 miles from the DME NAVAID)

Front 15

Use the 22 Knot Rule when:

Back 15

• A departing aircraft follows an aircraft which has taken off from the same or an adjacent airport
• An enroute aircraft follows an enroute aircraft
• A departing aircraft follows an enroute aircraft

Front 16

(minima on opposite courses and aircraft reporting same NAVAID) Discontinue vertical separation when ___.

Back 16

both aircraft have reported passing NAVAIDS, DME fixes, or waypoints indicating they have passed each other

Front 17

Advise pilot to use DME distances when applying DME separation (phraseology).

Back 17

"USE DME DISTANCES."

Front 18

Separation minima for opposite course (aircraft reporting on same DME fix)

Back 18

Procedure may be applied on diverging airways or radials of the same NAVAID.

Front 19

Opposite course minima (intersection report)

Back 19

Both aircraft have reported passing the same intersection/waypoint and are at least 3 minutes apart

Front 20

N31A AND N962L both reported passing BERRA intersection at 1500 (opposite courses). What is the earliest time N31A may be cleared to 140?

Back 20

1501 1/2

Front 21

SWA22 and AAL31 are opposite direction and progressed CLAYS intersection at 1012 and 1014, respectively. What is the earliest time you may discontinue vertical separation?

Back 21

1014 1/2

Front 22

Separate aircraft traveling opposite courses by ___ from 10 minutes before until 10 minutes after they are estimated to pass.

Back 22

assigning different altitudes consistent with the approved vertical separation

Front 23

Formula to calculate "estimated to pass"

Back 23

(difference in fix estimates) x (speed per minute of the 2nd aircraft) = Estimated time to pass

(essentially d=s*t)

Front 24

In Aero Center, "estimated to pass" situations should be converted to ___ by using ___ if possible.

Back 24

vertical or lateral situations; alternate airways