Cj Exam 2

Front 1

Arson

Back 1

Which of the following is not one of the more common types of crime using information technology?

Front 2

Identify theft

Back 2

Child pornography and ___ are just two types of crime that cross national and international borders.

Front 3

Telecommunications fraud

Back 3

A bigger business than international drug trafficking, it has a global loss of more than $55 billion a year:

Front 4

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Back 4

At the heart of virtually all information technology lies a computer system or ___

Front 5

Entrapment

Back 5

Police may sometimes pose as children in chat rooms in an effort to identify child molesters. In such cases, it is important to avoid ___, which is a common defense

Front 6

Call for a component service technician

Back 6

The investigator facing a crime scene involving computers should ___

Front 7

Stolen or forged credit cards

Back 7

One of them most common types of electronic fraud involves the use of:

Front 8

Identity theft

Back 8

One of the most fastest growing crimes in the United States is:

Front 9

Tenth

Back 9

The ___ Amendment to the US Constitution delegates law enforcement functions to the individual states

Front 10

False

Back 10

(T/F) Experience clearly demonstrates that if the police fully investigate any particular crime, the case can be solved successfully in every instance.

Front 11

Case monitoring system

Back 11

___ is set up to give administrators continuous feedback on the investigative process and the quality of personnel performance

Front 12

True

Back 12

(T/F) Computers have improved the capacity of law enforcement to collect, analyze, and store large volumes of essential information

Front 13

False

Back 13

(T/F) On an individual basis, most investigators working at a crime scene have found that the computer does not serve any useful purpose

Front 14

True

Back 14

(T/F) According to the authors, and criminal investigator should, at a minimum, know the difference between various types of computers, as well as have some understanding of their capabilities.

Front 15

True

Back 15

(T/F) If physical evidence is moved, trampled, or touched, the investigative and probative value of the evidence can be greatly diminished or even destroyed in certain situations

Front 16

Investigator

Back 16

According got the authors, establishing that a crime has been committed and developing evidence to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that a particular individual is guilty of that crime are primary responsibilities of the:

Front 17

Prosecutor

Back 17

At the trail stage, it is the responsibility of the ___ to present the evidence in court

Front 18

Testimonial evidence

Back 18

Evidence given orally by a witness in court is known as:

Front 19

Real evidence

Back 19

Any tangible object or exhibit offered as proof is considered to be:

Front 20

Demonstrative

Back 20

_____ Evidence can be a chart, drawing, model, illustration, or experiment offered to the court to prove the truth or falsity of the questions at issue.

Front 21

Direct evidence

Back 21

Evidence that, in itself, proves or refutes the fact at issue is considered to be:

Front 22

Circumstantial evidence

Back 22

Evidence that provides indirect proof from which the fact at issue may be inferred is known as:

Front 23

Relevancy

Back 23

___ is concerned with whether there is a connection between the evidence and the issue to be proved

Front 24

Materiality

Back 24

___ is concerned with whether the evidence is sufficiently important to influence the outcome of the issue being contested.

Front 25

Performing a careful pretrial review of crime scene notes, sketches, photographs, and case reports

Back 25

According to the authors, an investigator who testifies in court can avoid giving ambiguous answers by:

Front 26

Privileged Communication

Back 26

Any statement made by one person to another with whom a special relationship of trust and confidentiality exist is known as:

Front 27

Competency

Back 27

___ is concerned with the quality and kind of evidence being offered

Front 28

Leading question

Back 28

A question that in its very asking supplies an answer known as a(n)

Front 29

True

Back 29

(T/F) According to the authors, if a prosecutor and investigator do not work together as a team, the presentation of the facts of the case will be adversely affected

Front 30

True

Back 30

(T/F) Evidence is anything a judge will permit to be offered in court to prove the truth or falsity of the question(s) at issue

Front 31

False

Back 31

(T/F) The only classifications for evidence are: testimonial, real, and demonstrative

Front 32

True

Back 32

(T/F) The Anglican system of criminal justice was inherited from England and it is operative in the United States

Front 33

False

Back 33

(T/F) The rules of evidence have been changed only by court decisions

Front 34

True

Back 34

(T/F) As a general rule, evidence will not be excluded if neither prosecution nor defense makes an objection to its admission

Front 35

False

Back 35

(T/F) Evidence based on privileged communication is admissible into court

Front 36

False

Back 36

(T/F) The authors do not consider it important for investigators to have the ability to articular the investigative leading to the indictment of the defendant

Front 37

True

Back 37

(T/F) In a criminal trial, the prosecution has the burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt, while the defense tries to convince the court of the state's failure to do so.

Front 38

Excusable nor justifiable

Back 38

One element of murder or manslaughter that must be proved in court is whether the death was a result of an action nor an omission that is neither

Front 39

Excusable homicide

Back 39

___ Involves one person killing another by accident, without gross negligence, and without the intent to injure

Front 40

Suicide

Back 40

According to the text, ___, although not considered a crime, is viewed as a grave public wrong in many jurisdictions through the world.

Front 41

Corpus delicti

Back 41

The ___ is the collection of basic facts establishing that a crime has been committed and that some person is responsible

Front 42

Sadism

Back 42

Obtaining sexual satisfaction by inflicting pain on others is known as

Front 43

Crime scene, people, and records

Back 43

According to the authors, the three major sources of information that serve the purpose of ascertaining the motivations for a homicide are

Front 44

Postmortem lividity

Back 44

The medical term describing the reddish-purple color that develops after death in the undermost parts of the body is

Front 45

Rigor Mortis

Back 45

The stiffening of the body after death as a result of chemical changes within muscle tissue is known as

Front 46

Southern

Back 46

___ states account for more murders than any other part of the US

Front 47

Gun

Back 47

A ___ is the most commonly used weapon during the commission of a murder

Front 48

Motive

Back 48

___ is considered by the authors to be an important factor in pointing to possible suspects in a homicide

Front 49

Thorough initial search of a crime scene

Back 49

A __ is recommended because legal requirements can limit the crime scene search to a single opportunity if the owner of the property refuses to allow a second search.

Front 50

Decomposition

Back 50

The ___ of a person's body can be affected by temperature extremes.

Front 51

Interrogation

Back 51

The purpose of a(n) ___ is to elicit information from a suspect who may suppress the facts, or from people whose answers might be colored by close ties to a suspect

Front 52

Admission

Back 52

An express or implied statement tending to support the suspect's involvement in the crime, but insufficient by itself to prove guild, is known as a(n)

Front 53

Confession

Back 53

An oral or written statement acknowledging guilt is known as a(n)

Front 54

Horowitz and Pavolv

Back 54

According to the authors, an understanding of why it is possible to obtain a confession from a suspect may be found in the works of

Front 55

Remain silent

Back 55

From the outset, if a person in custody is to be subjected to an interrogation, s/he must first be informed in clear and unequivocal terms that s/he has the right to

Front 56

Fifth

Back 56

The right to have counsel present at the interrogation is fundamental to the protection of the ___ Amendment

Front 57

Record the session with video-sound tape

Back 57

According to the authors, perhaps the most suitable means for demonstrating that an interrogation was conducted using civilized police practices and that a confession is trustworthy and voluntary is to

Front 58

Public

Back 58

According to the authors, a subject in a criminal investigation usually does not wish to be questioned in

Front 59

True

Back 59

(T/F) An aim of judicial guidance of interrogation practices in the US and Great Britain is to ensure that a confession is trustworthy and that it was made voluntarily

Front 60

False

Back 60

(T/F) If the suspect is indeed guilty of the crime of which s/he is accused, then a confession can be obtained only through duress such as torture, brutality, and excessive or prolonged psychological pressure.

Front 61

True

Back 61

(T/F) The perception of an accusation during the interrogation process may cause person's feelings of psychological freedom and movement to be curtailed.

Front 62

Mug shots

Back 62

Full-face and profile photographs of a person arrested for an offense are commonly known as

Front 63

Investigatory line-up

Back 63

After a suspect has been apprehended and then is an eyewitness to the crime, the next appropriate step in the identification process is the

Front 64

Signed confession and the identification of the defendant by an eyewitness

Back 64

According to the authors, in the absence of forensic evidence, the two most compelling kinds of evidence presented to a jury are the

Front 65

True

Back 65

(T/F) Police officers should not offer an opinion to the witness viewing the mug shots as to which person in the mug shot display may have committed the crime

Front 66

False

Back 66

(T/F) All of the witnesses of a crime should be permitted to view the mug shot display at one time

Front 67

True

Back 67

(T/F) the investigatory lineup is generally preferred over any other eyewitness identification procedure

Front 68

True

Back 68

(T/F) Police should exercise utmost care in selecting individuals who will participate in a lineup identification

Front 69

False

Back 69

(T/F) The Supreme Court has ruled that a sketch does have the right to have an attorney present when an identification procedure such as a photo display, composite image, or sketch is employed

Front 70

True

Back 70

(T/F) A one-on-one confrontation should be used as an identification procedure only when a situation arises in which a proper lineup cannot be arranged quickly