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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Arson
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Which of the following is not one of the more common types of crime using information technology?
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Identify theft
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Child pornography and ___ are just two types of crime that cross national and international borders.
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Telecommunications fraud
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A bigger business than international drug trafficking, it has a global loss of more than $55 billion a year:
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Central Processing Unit (CPU)
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At the heart of virtually all information technology lies a computer system or ___
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Entrapment
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Police may sometimes pose as children in chat rooms in an effort to identify child molesters. In such cases, it is important to avoid ___, which is a common defense
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Call for a component service technician
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The investigator facing a crime scene involving computers should ___
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Stolen or forged credit cards
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One of them most common types of electronic fraud involves the use of:
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Identity theft
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One of the most fastest growing crimes in the United States is:
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Tenth
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The ___ Amendment to the US Constitution delegates law enforcement functions to the individual states
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False
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(T/F) Experience clearly demonstrates that if the police fully investigate any particular crime, the case can be solved successfully in every instance.
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Case monitoring system
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___ is set up to give administrators continuous feedback on the investigative process and the quality of personnel performance
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True
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(T/F) Computers have improved the capacity of law enforcement to collect, analyze, and store large volumes of essential information
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False
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(T/F) On an individual basis, most investigators working at a crime scene have found that the computer does not serve any useful purpose
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True
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(T/F) According to the authors, and criminal investigator should, at a minimum, know the difference between various types of computers, as well as have some understanding of their capabilities.
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True
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(T/F) If physical evidence is moved, trampled, or touched, the investigative and probative value of the evidence can be greatly diminished or even destroyed in certain situations
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Investigator
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According got the authors, establishing that a crime has been committed and developing evidence to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that a particular individual is guilty of that crime are primary responsibilities of the:
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Prosecutor
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At the trail stage, it is the responsibility of the ___ to present the evidence in court
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Testimonial evidence
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Evidence given orally by a witness in court is known as:
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Real evidence
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Any tangible object or exhibit offered as proof is considered to be:
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Demonstrative
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_____ Evidence can be a chart, drawing, model, illustration, or experiment offered to the court to prove the truth or falsity of the questions at issue.
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Direct evidence |
Evidence that, in itself, proves or refutes the fact at issue is considered to be:
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Circumstantial evidence
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Evidence that provides indirect proof from which the fact at issue may be inferred is known as:
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Relevancy
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___ is concerned with whether there is a connection between the evidence and the issue to be proved
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Materiality
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___ is concerned with whether the evidence is sufficiently important to influence the outcome of the issue being contested.
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Performing a careful pretrial review of crime scene notes, sketches, photographs, and case reports
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According to the authors, an investigator who testifies in court can avoid giving ambiguous answers by:
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Privileged Communication
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Any statement made by one person to another with whom a special relationship of trust and confidentiality exist is known as:
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Competency
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___ is concerned with the quality and kind of evidence being offered
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Leading question
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A question that in its very asking supplies an answer known as a(n)
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True
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(T/F) According to the authors, if a prosecutor and investigator do not work together as a team, the presentation of the facts of the case will be adversely affected
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True
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(T/F) Evidence is anything a judge will permit to be offered in court to prove the truth or falsity of the question(s) at issue
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False
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(T/F) The only classifications for evidence are: testimonial, real, and demonstrative
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True
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(T/F) The Anglican system of criminal justice was inherited from England and it is operative in the United States
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False
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(T/F) The rules of evidence have been changed only by court decisions
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True
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(T/F) As a general rule, evidence will not be excluded if neither prosecution nor defense makes an objection to its admission
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False
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(T/F) Evidence based on privileged communication is admissible into court
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False
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(T/F) The authors do not consider it important for investigators to have the ability to articular the investigative leading to the indictment of the defendant
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True
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(T/F) In a criminal trial, the prosecution has the burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt, while the defense tries to convince the court of the state's failure to do so.
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Excusable nor justifiable
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One element of murder or manslaughter that must be proved in court is whether the death was a result of an action nor an omission that is neither
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Excusable homicide
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___ Involves one person killing another by accident, without gross negligence, and without the intent to injure
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Suicide
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According to the text, ___, although not considered a crime, is viewed as a grave public wrong in many jurisdictions through the world.
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Corpus delicti
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The ___ is the collection of basic facts establishing that a crime has been committed and that some person is responsible
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Sadism
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Obtaining sexual satisfaction by inflicting pain on others is known as
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Crime scene, people, and records
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According to the authors, the three major sources of information that serve the purpose of ascertaining the motivations for a homicide are
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Postmortem lividity
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The medical term describing the reddish-purple color that develops after death in the undermost parts of the body is
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Rigor Mortis
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The stiffening of the body after death as a result of chemical changes within muscle tissue is known as
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Southern
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___ states account for more murders than any other part of the US
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Gun
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A ___ is the most commonly used weapon during the commission of a murder
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Motive
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___ is considered by the authors to be an important factor in pointing to possible suspects in a homicide
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Thorough initial search of a crime scene
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A __ is recommended because legal requirements can limit the crime scene search to a single opportunity if the owner of the property refuses to allow a second search.
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Decomposition
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The ___ of a person's body can be affected by temperature extremes.
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Interrogation
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The purpose of a(n) ___ is to elicit information from a suspect who may suppress the facts, or from people whose answers might be colored by close ties to a suspect
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Admission
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An express or implied statement tending to support the suspect's involvement in the crime, but insufficient by itself to prove guild, is known as a(n)
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Confession
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An oral or written statement acknowledging guilt is known as a(n)
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Horowitz and Pavolv
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According to the authors, an understanding of why it is possible to obtain a confession from a suspect may be found in the works of
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Remain silent
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From the outset, if a person in custody is to be subjected to an interrogation, s/he must first be informed in clear and unequivocal terms that s/he has the right to
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Fifth
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The right to have counsel present at the interrogation is fundamental to the protection of the ___ Amendment
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Record the session with video-sound tape
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According to the authors, perhaps the most suitable means for demonstrating that an interrogation was conducted using civilized police practices and that a confession is trustworthy and voluntary is to
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Public
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According to the authors, a subject in a criminal investigation usually does not wish to be questioned in
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True
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(T/F) An aim of judicial guidance of interrogation practices in the US and Great Britain is to ensure that a confession is trustworthy and that it was made voluntarily
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False
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(T/F) If the suspect is indeed guilty of the crime of which s/he is accused, then a confession can be obtained only through duress such as torture, brutality, and excessive or prolonged psychological pressure.
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True
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(T/F) The perception of an accusation during the interrogation process may cause person's feelings of psychological freedom and movement to be curtailed.
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Mug shots
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Full-face and profile photographs of a person arrested for an offense are commonly known as
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Investigatory line-up
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After a suspect has been apprehended and then is an eyewitness to the crime, the next appropriate step in the identification process is the
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Signed confession and the identification of the defendant by an eyewitness
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According to the authors, in the absence of forensic evidence, the two most compelling kinds of evidence presented to a jury are the
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True
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(T/F) Police officers should not offer an opinion to the witness viewing the mug shots as to which person in the mug shot display may have committed the crime
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False
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(T/F) All of the witnesses of a crime should be permitted to view the mug shot display at one time
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True
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(T/F) the investigatory lineup is generally preferred over any other eyewitness identification procedure
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True
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(T/F) Police should exercise utmost care in selecting individuals who will participate in a lineup identification
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False
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(T/F) The Supreme Court has ruled that a sketch does have the right to have an attorney present when an identification procedure such as a photo display, composite image, or sketch is employed
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True
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(T/F) A one-on-one confrontation should be used as an identification procedure only when a situation arises in which a proper lineup cannot be arranged quickly
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