Cj 101 Chapter 7 & 8

Front 1

The social burden that African American police officers carry by being both minority-group members and law enforcement officers

Back 1

Double Marginality

Front 2

The secretive, insulated police culture that isolates officers from the rest of society

Back 2

Blue Curtain

Front 3

The belief that most people's actions are motivated solely by personal needs and selfishness

Back 3

Cynicism

Front 4

The working personalities adopted by police officers that can range from being a social worker in blue to a hard-charging crime fighter

Back 4

Police Styles

Front 5

The use of personal decision making and choice in carrying out operations in the criminal justice system

Back 5

Discretion

Front 6

Decision making by police officers that is not subject to administrative review; When a decision is made not to arrest someone or not to stop a speeding vehicle

Back 6

Low-Visibility Decision Making

Front 7

The theory that police workload influences discretion so that as workload increases, less time and attention can be devoted to new cases, especially petty crimes

Back 7

Overload Hypothesis

Front 8

The way in which a person outwardly manifests his or her personality

Back 8

Demeanor

Front 9

Actions such as using abusive language, making threats, using force or coercion unnecessarily, preodding with nightsticks, and stopping and searching people to harass them

Back 9

Police Brutality

Front 10

Police killing of a suspect who resists arrest or presents a danger to an officer or the community

Back 10

Deadly Force

Front 11

A public body that conducted an investigation into police corruption in New York City in the early 1970's and uncovered a widespread network of payoffs and bribes

Back 11

Knapp Commission

Front 12

A term used to describe a police officer who actively solicits bribes and vigorously engages in corrupt practices

Back 12

Meat Eater

Front 13

A term used for a police officer who accepts payoffs when everyday duties place him or her in a position to be solicited by the public

Back 13

Grass Eater

Front 14

An investgative unit set up to inquire into police corruption in New york City in the 1990's

Back 14

Mollen Commission

Front 15

A system that makes police supervisors responsible for the behavior of the officers in their command

Back 15

Accountability System

Front 16

An order, issued by a judge, directing officers to conduct a search of specified premises for specified objects or persons and to bring these before the court

Back 16

Search Warrant

Front 17

The requirement that a search warrant state precisely where the search is to take place and what items are to be seized

Back 17

Particularity

Front 18

The evidentiary criterion necessary to sustain an arrest or the issuance of an arrest or search warrant: set of facts, information, circumstances, or conditions that would lead a reasonable person to believe that an offense was committed and that the accused committed that offense

Back 18

Probable Cause

Front 19

Testimony that is not firsthand but relates information told by a second party

Back 19

Hearsay Evidence

Front 20

Emergency or immediate circumstance

Back 20

Exigent

Front 21

The legal doctrine that allows police tos earch premises where they suspect a crime has been committed without a warrant when delay would endanger their lives or the lives of others and lead to the escape of hte alleged perpetrator

Back 21

Hot Pursuit

Front 22

A term used to describe a stop and frisk

Back 22

Threshold Inquiry

Front 23

The situation in which police officers who are suspicious of an individual run their hands lightly over the suspect's outer garments to determine if the person is carrying a concealed weapon

Back 23

Stop and Frisk / Pat Down

Front 24

An exception to the search warrant rule, limited to the immediate surrounding area

Back 24

Search Incident to a Lawful Arrest

Front 25

Police investigation technique in which officers board a bus or train without suspicion of illegal activity and question passengers, asking for identification and seeking permission to search their baggage

Back 25

Bus Sweep

Front 26

The principle that a suspect can be questioned in the field without a Miranda warning if the information the police seek is needed to protect the public

Back 26

Public Safety Doctrine

Front 27

The administrative record of an arrest, listing hte offender's name, address, physical description, date of birth, employer, time of arrest, offense, and name of arresting officer; it also includes photographing and fingerprinting of the offender

Back 27

Booking

Front 28

Placing a suspect in a group for the purpose of his or her being viewed and identified by a witness

Back 28

Lineup

Front 29

The principle that prohibits using illegally obtained evidence in a trial

Back 29

Exclusionry Rule

Front 30

The principle that evidence may be used in a criminal trial even though the search warrant is used to obtain it was technically faulty, as long as the police acted in good faith when they sought the warrant from a judge

Back 30

Good Faith Exception

Front 31

The Principle that evidence can be used in court even though the information that led to its descover was obtained in violation of the Miranda rule if a judge finds it wouldd have been discovered anyway by other means or sources

Back 31

Inevitable Discovery Rules