Civics Sol Study

Front 1

Every vote is _____ .

Back 1

IMPORTANT

Front 2

Making goods or providing services

Back 2

PRODUCTION

Front 3

What determines what is purchased?

Back 3

- CONSUMER PREFERENCE
- PRICE

Front 4

When does voter registration close?

Back 4

29 DAYS BEFORE THE ELECTION

Front 5

What determines price?

Back 5

THE INTERACTION OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND

Front 6

Why do citizens often fail to vote?

Back 6

- LACK OF INTEREST (APATHY)
- FAILURE TO REGISTER

Front 7

Name four types of resources.

Back 7

- NATURAL
- HUMAN
- CAPITAL
- ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Front 8

Name four major economic systems

Back 8

- FREE MARKET
- COMMAND ECONOMY
- MIXED ECONOMY
- TRADITIONAL

Front 9

Few rights, if any, are considered ______.

Back 9

ABSOLUTE

Front 10

____ are used to change economic behavior.

Back 10

INCENTIVES

Front 11

What is required before a citizen may vote?

Back 11

VOTER REGISTRATION

Front 12

What are the two houses of Congress?

Back 12

THE SENATE AND THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Front 13

Which president ran and won as a third party

Back 13

ABRAHAM LINCOLN

Front 14

What determines what is produced? (2)

Back 14

- RESOURCES AVAILABLE
- CONSUMER PREFERENCES

Front 15

What type of economic system is in the U.S.?

Back 15

MIXED ECONOMY

Front 16

The FED is the ____________________________.

Back 16

FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM

Front 17

What government body makes laws for Virginia?

Back 17

THE VIRGINIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY

Front 18

The FED regulates the ______________________.

Back 18

MONEY SUPPLY

Front 19

In such a system of government the people rule.

Back 19

DEMOCRACY

Front 20

What government body makes laws for the nation?

Back 20

CONGRESS

Front 21

Civic responsibilities are ____________________.

Back 21

VOLUNTARY

Front 22

The government both promotes and regulates ___ .

Back 22

COMPETITION

Front 23

Competition results in:

Back 23

BETTER QUALITY GOODS AND SERVICES AT A LOWER PRICE

Front 24

The inability to satisfy all wants at the same time

Back 24

SCARCITY

Front 25

How is private property protected?

Back 25

BY NEGOTIATED CONTRACTS THAT ARE ENFORCEABLE BY LAW

Front 26

What is the introduction to the Constitution called?

Back 26

THE PREAMBLE

Front 27

What are the 2 means of obtaining U. S. citizenship?

Back 27

BIRTH OR NATURALIZATION

Front 28

What two kinds of legal conflicts do courts resolve?

Back 28

CRIMINAL AND CIVIL

Front 29

The executive branch at the state and national levels -

Back 29

CARRIES OUT THE LAW

Front 30

People are the source of any and all governmental power.

Back 30

CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED

Front 31

How many amendments have been added to the Constitution?

Back 31

27

Front 32

Increased government spending may result in _____ taxes.

Back 32

HIGHER

Front 33

Decreased government spending may result in _____ taxes.

Back 33

LOWER

Front 34

The government and those who govern are bound by the law.

Back 34

RULE OF LAW

Front 35

Name five first amendment freedoms.

Back 35

FREEDOM OF:
- SPEECH
- RELIGION
- PRESS
- ASSEMBLY
- PETITION

Front 36

Is running for political office inexpensive or expensive?

Back 36

EXPENSIVE

Front 37

The power of the federal executive branch is defined in -

Back 37

THE U.S. CONSTITUTION

Front 38

People have to make choices because resources are _____ .

Back 38

LIMITED

Front 39

What are some examples of public goods and services?

Back 39

- INTERSTATE HIGHWAYS
- POSTAL SERVICE
- NATIONAL DEFENSE

Front 40

The power of the Virginia executive branch is defined in -

Back 40

THE STATE CONSTITUTION

Front 41

These courts hear juvenile and family cases; judge/no jury

Back 41

JUVENILE AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT

Front 42

Is paying taxes a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”?

Back 42

CIVIC DUTY

Front 43

Is obeying laws a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”?

Back 43

CIVIC DUTY

Front 44

What determines the number of electors given to each state?

Back 44

THE STATE’S CONGRESSIONAL REPRESENTATION

Front 45

Government officials use the media to ____________________.

Back 45

COMMUNICATE WITH THE PUBLIC

Front 46

What kind of advancements create new jobs in the workplace?

Back 46

TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS

Front 47

What are the factors in predicting which citizens will vote?

Back 47

EDUCATION, AGE, INCOME

Front 48

Who helps the executive branch interpret and carry out laws?

Back 48

- CABINET DEPARTMENTS
- AGENCIES
- REGULATORY GROUPS

Front 49

What are the first words in the Preamble to the Constitution?

Back 49

WE THE PEOPLE...

Front 50

These courts here appeals from circuit courts; judges, no jury

Back 50

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA

Front 51

Federal courts that hear original jurisdiction; judge and jury

Back 51

U.S. DISTRICT COURT

Front 52

In handling juvenile cases, judges have _____________________.

Back 52

GREATER LATITUDE

Front 53

The two amendments which provide due process protections are -

Back 53

THE 5TH AND 14TH AMENDMENTS

Front 54

The _________ has the power of judicial review over state laws.

Back 54

STATE SUPREME COURT

Front 55

That which is given up when a choice is made is called ___ __ .

Back 55

OPPORTUNITY COST

Front 56

Why do Virginia and the United States trade with other nations?

Back 56

TO INCREASE WEALTH

Front 57

Under the Articles of Confederation, most power resided with the:

Back 57

STATES

Front 58

In a civil case, a court settles ________________________________

Back 58

A DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN TWO PARTIES

Front 59

The amount of money exchanged for a good or service is the ____ .

Back 59

PRICE

Front 60

In a proprietorship, who takes all the risks and all the profits?

Back 60

A SINGLE OWNER

Front 61

Is registering to vote a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”?

Back 61

CIVIC RESPONSIBILITY (VOLUNTARY)

Front 62

What are some of the duties of the local legislative branch?

Back 62

- TO MAKE ORDINANCES FOR THE COMMUNITY;
- TO APPROVE THE ANNUAL BUDGET

Front 63

The U.S. Court system consists of:

Back 63

- U.S. SUPREME COURT
- U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
- U.S. DISTRICT COURT

Front 64

What are some examples of private financial institutions?

Back 64

BANKS, SAVINGS AND LOANS, CREDIT UNIONS, AND SECURITIES BROKERAGES

Front 65

What do citizens face who choose not to fulfill their civic duties?

Back 65

LEGAL CONSEQUENCE (JAIL OR FINES)

Front 66

Third parties _____ win elections, but they play an important role.

Back 66

RARELY

Front 67

What are the qualifications to register to vote in Virginia?

Back 67

MUST BE A U.S. CITIZEN, A VA RESIDENT, 18 YEARS OLD BY ELECTION DAY

Front 68

What are the some of the executive "checks" on the judicial branch?

Back 68

APPOINTS FEDERAL JUDGES

Front 69

What are the some of the judicial "checks" on the executive branch?

Back 69

MAY DECLARE EXECUTIVE ACTS UNCONSTITUTIONAL

Front 70

What makes one type of economic system different from others?

Back 70

THE EXTENT OF GOVERNMENT INVOLVEMENT IN ECONOMIC DECISION MAKING 11

Front 71

In which form of business is owner liability limited to investment?

Back 71

CORPORATION

Front 72

In a _____ case, a court settles a disagreement between two parties.

Back 72

CIVIL

Front 73

The government can ___, ___, and ___ to influence economic activity.

Back 73

TAX, BORROW AND SPEND

Front 74

____ seek individuals who have kept pace with technological changes.

Back 74

EMPLOYERS

Front 75

Who creates and controls all powers of local governments in Virginia?

Back 75

THE STATE

Front 76

What are the some of the legislative "checks" on the judicial branch?

Back 76

- APPROVES FEDERAL JUDGES
- MAY IMPEACH FEDERAL JUDGES

Front 77

What are the some of the judicial "checks" on the legislative branch?

Back 77

MAY DECLARE LAWS UNCONSTITUTIONAL

Front 78

The using of goods and services is known as ________________________.

Back 78

CONSUMPTION

Front 79

One characteristic of the U.S. economy is profit. Profit consists of:

Back 79

EARNINGS AFTER ALL EXPENSES HAVE BEEN PAID.

Front 80

The Federal Reserve System (Fed) is the ___ ___ of the United States.

Back 80

CENTRAL BANK

Front 81

What does the Fed do to slow the economy?

Back 81

THE FED CAN RESTRICT THE MONEY SUPPLY, CAUSING INTEREST RATES TO RISE

Front 82

How are consumer rights protected?

Back 82

CONSUMERS MAY TAKE LEGAL ACTION AGAINST VIOLATIONS OF CONSUMER RIGHTS

Front 83

What are the some of the legislative "checks" on the executive branch?

Back 83

MAY OVERRIDE VETOES; MAY IMPEACH A PRESIDENT

Front 84

What are the some of the executive "checks" on the legislative branch?

Back 84

MAY VETO ACTS OF CONGRESS; MAY CALL CONGRESS INTO SPECIAL SESSION

Front 85

The 14th Amendment prohibits ________ from acting in an unfair manner.

Back 85

STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

Front 86

How do governments get the money to produce public goods and services?

Back 86

THROUGH TAX REVENUE AND THROUGH BORROWED FUNDS

Front 87

Government _____ ___ increase funds for private and business spending.

Back 87

TAX DECREASES

Front 88

What are some of the primary responsibilities of the state governments?

Back 88

TO PROMOTE PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY, AND WELFARE

Front 89

The highest court in the U.S. It has the final power of judicial review

Back 89

SUPREME COURT

Front 90

The high cost of getting elected gives an advantage to _____ candidates.

Back 90

WEALTHY

Front 91

The U.S. Court system consists of:

Back 91

The U.S. Court system consists of:
- U.S. SUPREME COUR
- U.S. COURTS OF APPEALS
- U.S. DISTRICT COURTS

Front 92

A business partnership has ___ ____ who share the risks and the profits.

Back 92

TWO OR MORE OWNERS

Front 93

Individuals have the right of private ownership, which is protected by -

Back 93

NEGOTIATED CONTRACTS THAT ARE ENFORCEABLE BY LAW

Front 94

The American political process is characterized by a ___ - ______ system.

Back 94

TWO-PARTY

Front 95

Rising campaign costs encourage the development of (PACs). What are PACs?

Back 95

POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES

Front 96

What are some of the primary responsibilities of the national government?

Back 96

- CONDUCT FOREIGN POLICY
- REGULATE COMMERCE

Front 97

Name five characteristics of the U.S. economy.

Back 97

- FREE MARKETS
- PRIVATE PROPERTY
- PROFIT;
- COMPETITION
- CONSUMER SOVEREIGNTY
- INDIVIDUAL CHOICE

Front 98

What is the relationship between skills, education, and income?

Back 98

HIGHER SKILL(S) AND/OR EDUCATION LEVEL(S) GENERALLY LEAD TO HIGHER INCOMES

Front 99

What is “due process”?

Back 99

THE CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTION AGAINST UNFAIR GOVERNMENTAL ACTIONS AND LAWS.

Front 100

How does the “winner take all” system affect how candidates campaign?

Back 100

CANDIDATES TARGET LARGE STATES WITH THE GREATEST NUMBER OF ELECTORAL VOTES.

Front 101

A person accused of a crime may be arrested if the police have _____ ____..

Back 101

PROBABLE CAUSE

Front 102

After arrest, the accused may be committed to jail or ____________________.

Back 102

RELEASED ON BAIL

Front 103

A person who takes a risk to produce goods and services in search of profit

Back 103

ENTREPRENEUR

Front 104

Worldwide markets, buying and selling of goods and services by all nations.

Back 104

GLOBAL ECONOMY

Front 105

Where does Congress get the authority to tax personal and business incomes?

Back 105

16th AMENDMENT

Front 106

Which amendment extends the due process protection to actions of the states?

Back 106

THE 14TH AMENDMENT

Front 107

Rising campaign costs have led to efforts to reform through _______________.

Back 107

CAMPAIGN FINANCE LAWS

Front 108

What do magistrates do?

Back 108

- ISSUE SEARCH WARRANTS
- ISSUE SUBPOENAS
- ISSUE ARREST WARRANTS
- ISSUE SUMMONS
- SET BAIL

Front 109

The judicial function is exercised in a dual court system, which consists of:

Back 109

STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS

Front 110

The number of citizens who register and vote is related to __________________.

Back 110

HOW IMPORTANT THE ELECTION ISSUES ARE TO CITIZENS

Front 111

The powers of the local governments in Virginia are _________________________.

Back 111

DERIVED FROM THE STATE

Front 112

These courts try cases involving federal law and U.S. Constitutional questions

Back 112

FEDERAL COURTS

Front 113

One characteristic of the U.S. economy is free markets. This means:

Back 113

MARKETS ARE ALLOWED TO OPERATE WITHOUT UNDUE INTERFERENCE FROM THE GOVERNMENT.

Front 114

Why would the Fed increase the money supply, causing interest rates to decline?

Back 114

TO STIMULATE THE ECONOMY

Front 115

Job income is influenced by education, skills and ____________________________.

Back 115

SUPPLY AND DEMAND (JOBS IN HIGHER DEMAND AND SHORTER SUPPLY WILL PAY MORE)

Front 116

Why does the Preamble to the Constitution begin with the words, “We the people”?

Back 116

THESE WORDS ESTABLISH THAT THE POWER OF GOVERNMENT COMES FROM THE PEOPLE.

Front 117

Is serving on a jury or as a witness a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”?

Back 117

CIVIC DUTY

Front 118

Legislative powers are both ____ and ____ .

Back 118

EXPRESSED (SPECIFICALLY LISTED) AND IMPLIED (USED TO CARRY OUT EXPRESSED POWERS)

Front 119

One characteristic of the U.S. economy is consumer sovereignty.. This means:

Back 119

CONSUMERS DETERMINE THROUGH PURCHASES, WHAT GOODS AND SERVICES WILL BE PRODUCED.

Front 120

If third parties rarely win, why are they important?

Back 120

THEY INTRODUCE NEW IDEAS AND SOMETIMES INFLUENCE THE OUTCOME FOR OTHER CANDIDATES

Front 121

What are some of the duties of Congress?

Back 121

MAKES LAWS FOR NATION; APPROVES ANNUAL BUDGET; APPROVES PRESIDENTIAL APPOINTMENTS

Front 122

How do interest groups influence public policy?

Back 122

IDENTIFYING ISSUES; MAKING POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS; LOBBYING GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS

Front 123

The 5th Amendment prohibits the _____ government from acting in an unfair manner.

Back 123

NATIONAL

Front 124

What is “the media”?

Back 124

NEWSPAPERS, TV, THE INTERNET AND ANY WAYS INFORMATION IS DISTRIBUTED TO THE PUBLIC

Front 125

How do financial institutions like banks encourage saving and investing?

Back 125

PRIVATE FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ACT AS INTERMEDIARIES BETWEEN SAVERS AND BORROWERS.

Front 126

Are citizens required to fulfill their civic duties, or are civic duties voluntary?

Back 126

REQUIRED

Front 127

Rising campaign costs require candidates to conduct extensive ___-_____ activities.

Back 127

FUND-RAISING

Front 128

What document defines the process by which changes can be made to the Constitution?

Back 128

THE CONSTITUTION ITSELF DEFINES THE PROCESS.

Front 129

Government ____ _____ reduce the funds available for private and business spending.

Back 129

TAX INCREASES

Front 130

Which amendment defines ‘citizens’ as ‘all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.’?

Back 130

14TH AMENDMENT

Front 131

What is the 1st Amendment freedom that protects people's right to peacefully gather?

Back 131

FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY

Front 132

Is serving in the armed forces if called a “civic duty” or a “civic responsibility”?

Back 132

CIVIC DUTY

Front 133

Virginia and the United States _____in the production of certain goods and services.

Back 133

SPECIALIZE

Front 134

Increased government spending _____ demand, which may ___ employment and production.

Back 134

MAY INCREASE, INCREASE

Front 135

What are some of the important duties of a citizen?

Back 135

OBEY LAWS, PAY TAXES, SERVE IN ARMED FORCES, SERVE ON A JURY OR AS A WITNESS IN COURT

Front 136

What do officials who are elected to serve in the state and national legislatures do?

Back 136

THEY MAKE LAWS

Front 137

What are three ways the Federal Reserve Bank can slow the economy?

Back 137

INCREASE THE RESERVE REQUIREMENT; RAISE THE DISCOUNT RATE; SELL GOVERNMENT SECURITIES

Front 138

People elect public officeholders to make laws and conduct government on their behalf.

Back 138

REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT

Front 139

These courts hear misdemeanors cases; Civil cases less than $1000; Judge only, no jury

Back 139

GENERAL DISTRICT COURT

Front 140

In the U.S. economy, what flows continuously among households, businesses and markets?

Back 140

RESOURCES, GOODS AND SERVICES

Front 141

_____ government spending reduces demand, which may result in a ______ of the economy.

Back 141

LESS , SLOWING

Front 142

To become a citizen through naturalization, what must a person demonstrate?

Back 142

KNOWLEDGE OF AMERICAN HISTORY AND PRINCIPLES AND THE ABILITY TO SPEAK AND WRITE ENGLISH

Front 143

The Constitution establishes and protects the citizen's fundamental _______ and ______.

Back 143

RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES

Front 144

Seeking to influence legislators to introduce or vote for or against a bill is called -

Back 144

LOBBYING

Front 145

__________ issue search warrants, subpoenas, arrest warrants, and summons and set bail.

Back 145

MAGISTRATES

Front 146

in a civil case, the ____ files a complaint to recover damages or receive compensation.

Back 146

PLAINTIFF

Front 147

These courts which try civil and criminal cases are part of the state's judicial branch.

Back 147

CIRCUIT COURTS

Front 148

In the U.S., who determines through purchases, what goods and services will be produced?

Back 148

CONSUMERS

Front 149

What are three ways the Federal Reserve Bank can stimulate the economy?

Back 149

LOWER THE RESERVE REQUIREMENT; LOWERS THE DISCOUNT RATE; PURCHASES GOVERNMENT SECURITIES

Front 150

Due to rising campaign costs, campaign finance reform laws have been passed which limit -

Back 150

THE AMOUNT INDIVIDUALS AND PACs CAN CONTRIBUTE TO POLITICAL CANDIDATES AND CAMPAIGNS 5

Front 151

A ________ legislature has two houses (e.g., the Senate and the House of Representatives)

Back 151

BICAMERAL

Front 152

A form of business organization with one owner who takes all the risks and all the profits

Back 152

PROPRIETORSHIP

Front 153

Free markets are markets that are allowed to operate without ____ ___ from the government.

Back 153

UNDUE INTERFERENCE

Front 154

A form of business organization with one owner who takes all the risks and all the profits

Back 154

PROPRIETORSHIP

Front 155

A form of business organization with two or more owners who share the risks and the profits

Back 155

PARTNERSHIP

Front 156

The amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to buy at a certain price

Back 156

DEMAND

Front 157

Governments use ___ ___ from individuals and businesses to provide public goods and services.

Back 157

TAX REVENUE

Front 158

Employers want hard-working employees. They want employees who have ________________________.

Back 158

A STRONG WORK ETHIC

Front 159

The amount of a good or service that producers are willing and able to sell at a certain price

Back 159

SUPPLY

Front 160

Who does the economic decision-making in the U.S.? It’s share by ____________________________.

Back 160

INDIVIDUALS, BUSINESSES AND GOVERNMENT

Front 161

How does the U.S. government protect consumer rights and property rights?

Back 161

THE GOVERNMENT PASSES LAWS AND CREATES AGENCIES TO PROTECT CONSUMER RIGHTS AND PROPERTY RIGHTS

Front 162

The __________ process is used to select the President and Vice President of the United States.

Back 162

ELECTORAL COLLEGE

Front 163

What do individual and business savings do for the economy?

Back 163

PROVIDE FINANCIAL CAPITAL THAT CAN BE BORROWED FOR BUSINESS EXPANSION AND INCREASED CONSUMPTION

Front 164

Government is not all-powerful and may do only those things people have given it the power to do.

Back 164

LIMITED GOVERNMENT

Front 165

Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution served as a model for the Bill of Rights?

Back 165

THE VIRGINIA DECLARATION OF RIGHTS

Front 166

What are the reasons stated in the preamble for creating the government?

Back 166

- FORM A UNION
- ESTABLISH JUSTICE
- ENSURE DOMESTIC PEACE (TRANQUILITY)
- PROVIDE DEFENSE
- PROMOTE GENERAL WELFARE
- SECURE LIBERTY

Front 167

How do citizens make informed choices among candidates in elections?

Back 167

VOTERS MUST EVALUATE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS, LOOKING FOR BIAS AND ACCURACY.

Front 168

The constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws is called ____ _____ .

Back 168

DUE PROCESS

Front 169

Name five fundamental political principles that shaped our Constitution and our government.

Back 169

- CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED
- LIMITED GOVERNMENT
- RULE OF LAW
- DEMOCRACY
- REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT

Front 170

What does it mean to say that few rights, if any, are considered absolute? Give an example.

Back 170

FREEDOM OF SPEECH DOES NOT MEAN A PERSON HAS THE RIGHT TO SHOUT “FIRE” IN A CROWDED MOVIE THEATER.

Front 171

Public goods and services provide benefits to many simultaneously, but would not be available if -

Back 171

INDIVIDUALS HAD TO PROVIDE THEM

Front 172

The power of ________is an important check on the legislative and executive branches of government.

Back 172

JUDICIAL REVIEW

Front 173

Which document protects the fundamental freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition?

Back 173

THE BILL OF RIGHTS (THE FIRST 10 AMENDMENTS)

Front 174

Legislative powers that are specifically listed in the U.S. or state constitutions are _____ powers.

Back 174

EXPRESSED

Front 175

What are some of the duties of the state's legislative branch?

Back 175

- TO MAKE LAWS FOR VIRGINIA
- APPROVE BIENNIAL (TWO-YEAR) BUDGET
- EXERCISE POWER UNDER THE 10TH AMENDMENT

Front 176

How does the electoral college process affect the voting outcome?

Back 176

THE RESULT IS A “WINNER TAKE ALL SYSTEM”. EACH STATE GIVES ALL OF ITS ELECTORAL VOTES TO ONE CANDIDATE.

Front 177

How does the electoral college favor a two-party system?

Back 177

A THIRD PARTY CANDIDATE MAY GET A SUBSTANCIAL VOTE IN EACH STATE, BUT END UP WITH ZERO ELECTORAL VOTES.

Front 178

The powers NOT given to the national government by the Constitution of the United States of America are:

Back 178

RESERVED FOR THE STATES

Front 179

SOL CE.8b –What Supreme Court decision established the principle of judicial review at the national level?

Back 179

MARBURY V. MADISON

Front 180

What is the impact of technological innovation on world trade?

Back 180

- CONTRIBUTES TO THE GLOBAL FLOW OF INFORMATION, CAPITAL, GOODS, AND SERVICES
- LOWERS THE COST OF PRODUCTION.

Front 181

Separating power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches helps prevent any one branch from -

Back 181

ABUSING ITS POWER

Front 182

Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution guaranteed freedom of religious beliefs and opinions?

Back 182

VIRGINIA STATUTE FOR RELIGIOUS

Front 183

What is the 1st Amendment freedom that protects people's right to make their views known to public officials?

Back 183

FREEDOM OF PETITION

Front 184

How does one register in Virginia?

Back 184

- IN PERSON AT THE REGISTRAR'S OFFICE
- IN PERSON AT THE DIVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLES (DMV)
- IN PERSON AT OTHER DESIGNATED SITES
- BY MAIL

Front 185

A corporation is a form of business that is authorized by law, regardless of the number of owners, to act as:

Back 185

A LEGAL PERSON

Front 186

What are some of the strategies for evaluating campaign speeches, literature, and advertisements for accuracy?

Back 186

- VOTERS SHOULD TRY TO SEPARATE FACT FROM OPINION;
- LOOK FOR BIAS
- EVALUATE SOURCES
- IDENTIFY PROPAGANDA

Front 187

In a winner-take-all electoral college system, why should candidates pay any attention at all to small states?

Back 187

IN A TIGHT RACE, THE ELECTORAL VOTES OF SMALL STATES MAY MAKE THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WINNING AND LOSING.

Front 188

The government promotes competition by enforcing ____ legislation to discourage the development of monopolies.

Back 188

ANTITRUST

Front 189

A defendant may be appointed an attorney and a plea is entered when a case proceeds to ________________________.

Back 189

ARRAIGNMENT

Front 190

What would be the benefit for a business owner of turning his business into a corporation?

Back 190

IF THE BUSINESS FAILS, THE OWNER WON’T LOSE HIS PERSONAL SAVINGS BECAUSE HIS LIABILITY IS LIMITED TO INVESTMENT.

Front 191

Legislative powers that are not specifically listed but are used to carry out expressed powers are ______ powers.

Back 191

IMPLIED

Front 192

Immigration and naturalization, particularly in the twentieth century, have led to an increasingly ______ society.

Back 192

DIVERSE

Front 193

What are three government agencies that oversee the way individuals and companies do business?

Back 193

• FCC (FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION)
• EPA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY)
• FTC (FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION)

Front 194

The government can increase funds available for borrowing by individuals and businesses by ______________________.

Back 194

REDUCING THE AMOUNT IT BORROWS

Front 195

Where does the local executive branch get its authority?

Back 195

ELECTED OR APPOINTED BY THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OR CITY COUNCIL; CITY OR COUNTY MANAGERS HIRED BY LOCAL LEGISLATURES

Front 196

One characteristic of the U.S. economy is competition. This means -

Back 196

RIVALRY BETWEEN PRODUCERS/SELLERS OF A GOOD OR SERVICE RESULTS IN BETTER QUALITY GOODS AND SERVICES AT A LOWER PRICE.

Front 197

These courts hear felony criminal cases and civil cases over $1,000; hear appeals from district courts; judge and jury

Back 197

CIRCUIT COURT (VA JUDICIAL BRANCH)

Front 198

The Federal Reserve bank acts as a banker’s bank by issuing currency and regulating the amount of _____ in circulation.

Back 198

MONEY

Front 199

How are the major political parties different?

Back 199

THEY EXPRESS DIFFERENT VIEWS ON ISSUES WHICH ARE STATED IN THE PARTY'S PLATFORM AND STATED BY CANDIDATES IN THE CAMPAIGN

Front 200

The _____________ is the supreme law of the land CONSTITUTION State laws must conform to: THE VIRGINIA AND UNITED STATES

Back 200

CONSTITUTIONS

Front 201

The powers of the national government are either _______ or ________ in the Constitution of the United States of America.

Back 201

EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED

Front 202

A system of _____ and _____ gives each of the three branches of government ways to limit the powers of the other branches.

Back 202

CHECKS AND BALANCES

Front 203

Political parties play a key role in government and provide opportunities for citizens to _______ in the political process.

Back 203

PARTICIPATE

Front 204

The government increases government borrowing in order to _____ funds available for borrowing by individuals and businesses.

Back 204

REDUCE

Front 205

Which document stated grievances against the king of Great Britain and declared the colonies’ independence from Great Britain?

Back 205

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

Front 206

The Constitution of the United States of America establishes a federal form of government in which the ___________ is supreme.

Back 206

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

Front 207

Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution guaranteed the colonists the same rights given to all English citizens?

Back 207

CHARTERS OF THE VIRGINIA COMPANY OF LONDON

Front 208

A person with certain rights and duties under a government, and who, by birth or by choice, owes allegiance to that government.

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A CITIZEN

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This is the court of final appeal (Appellate jurisdiction) in VA; limited original jurisdiction (most cases tried elsewhere first)

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VIRGINIA SUPREME COURT

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Virginia, like each of the other forty-nine states, has its own court system whose organization and jurisdiction are derived from -

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VIRGINIA’S CONSTITUTION AND STATE LAWS

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The Constitution establishes the principle of _________ which is the division of power between the states and the national government.

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FEDERALISM

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Characteristics of a _____ economy are central ownership of property and resources; centrally-planned economy; lack of consumer choice

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COMMAND

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In a ______ case, a court determines whether a person accused of breaking the law is guilty or not guilty of a misdemeanor or a felony.

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CRIMINAL

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How can individuals influence public policy?

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• PARTICIPATING IN POLITICS (VOTING, CAMPAIGNING);
• EXPRESSING OPINIONS (LOBBYING, DEMONSTRATING, WRITING LETTERS);
• JOINING INTEREST GROUPS

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How does the government promotes marketplace competition?

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• Enforcing antitrust legislation to discourage the development of monopolies
• Engaging in global trade
• Supporting business start-ups

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What are the functions of political parties?

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• RECRUITING AND NOMINATING CANDIDATES
• EDUCATING THE ELECTORATE ABOUT CAMPAIGN ISSUES
• HELPING CANDIDATES WIN ELECTIONS
• MONITORING ACTIONS

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Virginia's court system consists of:

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• VIRGINIA SUPREME COURT; COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
• CIRCUIT COURT;
• GENERAL DISTRICT COURT
• JUVENILE AND DOMESTIC RELATIONS DISTRICT COURT

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What do PACs do?

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POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES (PACS) ARE ORGANIZATIONS DEDICATED TO RAISING AND SPENDING MONEY TO EITHER ELECT OR DEFEAT POLITICAL CANDIDATES.

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Which amendment gives newspaper and TV reporters the right to gather and publish information, including that which criticizes the government?

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FREEDOM OF THE PRESS

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In a mixed economy individuals and business are the decision makers for the ____ sector, and government is decision maker in the ____ sector.

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PRIVATE ------ PUBLIC

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How are the major political parties similar?

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• BOTH INFLUENCE PUBLIC POLICIES;
• BOTH REFLECT BOTH LIBERAL AND CONSERVATIVE VIEWS
• BOTH WIN MAJORITY SUPPORT BY APPEALING TO THE POLITICAL CENTER

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How can a person born in a different country become a U.S. citizen?

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THROUGH THE PROCESS OF NATURALIZATION, WHICH REQUIRES AMONG OTHER THINGS THAT THE PERON LEARN ENGLISH AND LEARN ABOUT U.S. HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT

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The Supreme Court of the US and VA determine the constitutionality of laws and acts of the executive branch. This power is called ________________.

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JUDICIAL REVIEW

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One characteristic of the U.S. economy is private property. This means:

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INDIVIDUALS AND BUSINESSES HAVE THE RIGHT TO OWN PERSONAL PROPERTY AS WELL AS THE MEANS OF PRODUCTION WITHOUT UNDUE INTERFERENCE FROM THE GOVERNMENT.

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Characteristics of a ___ ___ economy are private ownership of property and resources; profit; competition; consumer sovereignty and individual choice.

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FREE MARKET

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How does the electoral college select the President and Vice President of the United States?

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THE SLATE OF ELECTORS FOR EACH STATE IS CHOSEN BY POPULAR VOTE DURING THE GENERAL ELECTION; THE ELECTORS MEET TO VOTE FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT.

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What are the steps in the lawmaking process in the Virginia Assembly and Congress?

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• INTRODUCING A BILL;
• WORKING IN COMMITTEE;
• DEBATING ON THE FLOOR
• VOTING ON A BILL BY BOTH HOUSES
• SIGNING THE BILL INTO LAW BY THE PRESIDENT OR GOVERNOR

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Businesses (producers) buy ____; make products that are sold to individuals, other businesses, and the government; and use the profits to buy more ____.

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RESOURCES - RESOURCES

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When selecting a career, one should be aware of one’s individual talents, interests, and aspirations. Career planning starts with _____________________.

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SELF-ASSESSMENT

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How do third parties differ from the two major parties?

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• THEY INTRODUCE NEW IDEAS OR PRESS FOR A PARTICULAR ISSUE;
• THEY OFTEN REVOLVE AROUND A POLITICAL PERSONALITY (E.G., THEODORE ROOSEVELT'S BULL MOOSE PARTY)

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What are some of the duties of the state's executive branch (the governor)?

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• CARRIES OUT VA LAWS
• PREPARES BIENNIEL BUDGET FOR THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY
• APPOINTS CABINET OFFICERS AND BOARDS
• ADMINISTERS THE BUREAUCRACY
• GRANTS PARDONS

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What were the Articles of Confederation? Why didn’t they work?

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• THE FIRST PLAN OF NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
• MAINTAINED THAT MAJOR POWERS RESIDED WITH THE STATES
• PROVIDED FOR A WEAK CENTRAL GOVERNMENT WITH NO POWER TO TAX OR ENFORCE LAWS

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Under this plan of government, the weakness of the central government which was given no power to tax or enforce laws led to the writing of the Constitution.

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ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

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What are some personal traits of good citizens?

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• TRUSTWORTHINESS AND HONESTY
• COURTESY AND RESPECT FOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS
• RESPONSIBILITY, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND SELF-RELIANCE
• RESPECT FOR THE LAW
• PATRIOTISM

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This document establishes the structure of the U.S. Government, guarantees equality under the law with majority rule and the rights of the minority protected.

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CONSTITUTION (INCLUDING THE BILL OF RIGHTS) 2

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The percentage of voters who participate in presidential elections is usually _______ than the percentage of voters who participate in state and local elections.

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GREATER

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What are some of the duties of the President?

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• EXECUTES LAW OF THE LAND
• PREPARES ANNUAL BUDGET FOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION
• APPOINTS CABINET OFFICERS
• AMBASSADORS, AND FEDERAL JUDGES
• ADMINISTERS FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY

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What influence does the media have on public policy and policymakers?

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THE MEDIA FOCUSES PUBLIC ATTENTION ON SELECTED ISSUES; OFFERS A FORUM IN WHICH OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS ARE COMMUNICATED; HOLDS GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS ACCOUNTABLE TO THE PUBLIC

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This economic system is the most common in the world today. The government plays a bigger roll than in a free market economy, but less of a role than in the command economy.

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MIXED ECONOMY

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This court is part of United States Federal Court System - Mostly appeals (appellate jurisdiction), limited original (most cases are tried elsewhere first) ; Justices/no jury

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U.S. SUPREME COURT

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What role does the media play in the political process?

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• FAMILIARIZES THE PUBLIC WITH THE CANDIDATES
• EMPHASIZES CERTAIN SELECTED ISSUES
• EXPRESSES OPINIONS IN EDITORIALS, POLITICAL CARTOONS, and OP-ED PIECES
• BROADCASTS DIFFERENT POINTS OF VIEW

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Name five documents of American history that influenced the development of the Constitution and constitutional government.

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• CHARTERS OF THE VIRGINIA COMPANY OF LONDON
• VIRGINIA DECLARATION OF RIGHTS
• DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
• ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
• VIRGINIA STATUTE FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

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A form of business organization that is authorized by law to act as a legal person regardless of the number of owners. Owners share the profits. Owner liability is limited to investment.

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CORPORATION

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KNOW THE 14TH AMENDMENT!! The 14th Amendment is important because:

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IT DEFINES A CITIZEN AS ANYONE BORN OR NATURALIZED IN THE U.S; IT EXTENDS ‘DUE PROCESS’ PROTECTIONS TO THE STATES (STATES CAN’T VIOLATE INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS OF CITIZENS) ; IT GUARANTEES “EQUAL PROTECTION OF THE LAWS”.

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Which of the documents that influenced the Constitution brought forth the idea that people have "certain unalienable rights" (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness) and that all people are equal under the law?

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DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

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Due process protections are provided in the 5th and 14th amendments. The 5th amendment protects citizens from unfair treatment by the ____, and the 14th amendment protects citizens from unfair treatment by the ______ .

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NATIONAL GOVERNMENT STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

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Why do states and nations trade?

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• TO OBTAIN GOODS AND SERVICES THEY CANNOT PRODUCE OR PRODUCE EFFICIENTLY THEMSELVES
• TO BUY GOODS AND SERVICES AT A LOWER COST OR A LOWER OPPORTUNITY COST
• TO SELL GOODS AND SERVICES TO OTHER COUNTRIES
• TO CREATE JOBS

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How does the executive branch influence policymaking?

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• PROPOSING LEGISLATION IN AN ANNUAL SPEECH TO THE LEGISLATURE (STATE OF THE COMMONWEALTH OR STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS)
• APPEALING DIRECTLY TO THE PEOPLE
• APPROVING OR VETOING LEGISLATION
• APPOINTING OFFICIALS WHO CARRY OUT THE LAWS

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How can the Constitution be amended?

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• CONGRESS OR A SPECIAL CONVENTION PROPOSES AN AMENDMENT (2/3 VOTE)
• AMENDMENT MUST BE RATIFIED BY THE STATES (3/4 VOTE)

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What are some responsibilities of citizens?

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• REGISTER AND VOTE
• HOLD ELECTIVE OFFICE
• INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT BY COMMUNICATING WITH GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
• SERVE IN VOLUNTARY APPOINTED POSITIONS
• PARTICIPATE IN POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS
• KEEP INFORMED REGARDING CURRENT ISSUES
• RESPECT OTHERS' RIGHTS TO AN EQUAL VOICE IN GOVERNMENT

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Is the Constitution frequently amended?

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NO, THE PROCESS IS COMPLEX. TO DATE, THE CONSTITUTION HAS BEEN AMENDED ONLY 27 TIMES.