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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
citizen |
legally recognized member of a country |
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naturalization |
process of an alien becoming a citizen |
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techniques used in political cartoons |
exaggeration, irony, juxtaposition |
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representative democracy |
people elect representatives to carry on the work of gov. for them |
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republic |
people consent to be ruled elected officials |
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dictatorship |
all power is in a group of people |
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constitution |
written plan of gov. |
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sovereignty |
absolute power |
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federalism |
divides gov. power btwn national and state govs. |
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delegated powers |
powers of federal gov. ex; print money, conduct foreign trade |
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reserved powers |
powers of state govs. ex; conduct election, marriage laws |
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concurrent powers |
powers shared btwn state and federal govs. ex; create banks, establish courts |
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separation of powers |
different branches of the federal gov. |
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legislative branch |
makes laws |
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executive branch |
carries out laws |
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judicial branch |
interprets laws |
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checks and balances |
equal distribution and limits on powers |
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number of amendments to the constitution |
27 |
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first amendment freedoms |
freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, petition |
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separation of church and state |
clear division btwn gov. and religion |
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duties vs responsibilities of citizenship |
duties you must do, responsibilities you should do |
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bicameral legislature |
law making body with 2 houses |
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apportionment |
seats in legislature are distributed by population |
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how many representatives NE has in the HOR |
3 |
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2 houses of congress |
hor and congress |
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delegated powers of congress |
finance gov, regulate trade and industry, defend the country, create lower courts, provide for growth |
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veto and override |
president refuses to sign a bill; congress can pass it anyway |
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presidential succession |
replacing the president if both they and the VP cant serve |
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state of the union address |
sets forth programs/policies the president wants congress to pass |
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bureaucracy |
employees of the entire executive dept |
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supreme law of the US |
constitutional law |
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appeal |
asking a higher court to review a case |
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original jurisdiction |
authority of a court to hear/decide a case |
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appellate jurisdiction |
power to review decisions made by lower courts |
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highest US court |
supreme court |
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marbury vs madison importance |
first case using judicial review |
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how laws can be declared unconstitutional |
judicial review, court decides that the law conflicts w the constitution |
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full faith and credit clause |
ensures that each state will respect the decision of other state's courts |
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unicameral & who has it |
law making body of one house, NE |
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constituents |
people represented by a lawmaking body |
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item / item line veto |
when a governor can cross off something on a bill concerning money |
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initiative |
when citizens can propose a law by collecting signatures on a petition |
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charter |
basic plan of gov. granted by state legislature to a local gov. |
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major job of local govs. |
street cleaning, trash collecting, electricity, running water, sewage systems |
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political party |
organization of citizens w similar views who work together to put their ideas in effect through gov. action |
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political spectrum |
diff. of political views held political parties |
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2 major political parties |
republican and democrat |
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third party |
minor political parties in a two part system ex; green, progressive |
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one party system |
when a single political party controls the gov. and all other parties are banned |
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electoral college |
group of electors who officially elect the president and VP |
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propaganda |
ideas used to influence people's thoughts/behavior |
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open primary |
primary election in which you can only vote for the candidates of 1 party |
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closed primary |
primary election in which only voters who are members of the party can vote for the parties candidate |
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market economy |
economic system in which individuals can compete, earn a living/profit, and own property |
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command economy |
type of economic system when the gov. makes all the decisons |
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US's economic system |
market |
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business cycle |
economic patterns in which a free market economy goes through periods of prosperity and depression |
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inflation |
rise in the costs of all products/services |
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recession |
severe contraction in a business cycle |
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depression |
sharp decline in a country's business cycle, during which many workers lose their jobs and businesses close |
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absolute advantage |
when a country can produce a good better than its trading partners |
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comparative advantage |
methods of determining which products/services offer a nation the greatest absolute advantage |
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opportunity cost |
value of an alternative good/service a county has chosen not to produce in order to specialize in something else |
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trade barrier |
gov. action that limits the exchange of goods ex; tariff, quota |