Civics Final

Front 1

Core Political Values of the US

Back 1

Liberty, Equality, and Democracy

Front 2

Government

Back 2

The formal institution and procedures through which a territory and its people are ruled.

Front 3

Laissez-faire

Back 3

translates to "to leave alone". The means of production and distribution are privately owned and operated for profit with minimal or no government.

Front 4

Politics

Back 4

Conflict over the leadership, structures and policies of government

Front 5

Political equality

Back 5

The rights to participate in politics equally based on "one person, one vote"

Front 6

Popular Sovereignty

Back 6

Principle of democracy in which political authority rests ultimately in the hands of the people

Front 7

power

Back 7

influence over government leadership, organization, or policies

Front 8

representative democracy

Back 8

regularly elect our representatives that run the government for example the united states

Front 9

totalitarian government

Back 9

government exercises great power, but seeks to impose its will by suppressing any and all other groups and individuals in society that might pose a challenge to its power

Front 10

US government style

Back 10

Democratic republic

Front 11

3/5th compromise

Back 11

the house seats were apportioned according to population 5 slaves = 3 free people, the south supported the north did not

Front 12

anti-federalist

Back 12

favored weak central government, pushed for the bill of rights, against electoral college, and against supreme court justices in office for life

Front 13

articles of confederation

Back 13

focused on limiting the power of the central government, stated that laws were to be carried out by the states, congress could declare war, make treaties and trade with Indians, failed because there was no execution of laws, states did not listen to congress.

Front 14

bicameralism

Back 14

2 chambered legislature

Front 15

checks and balances

Back 15

connects the 3 parts of government, relies on each branch to regulate the power of the other branches

Front 16

constitution: article 1

Back 16

deals with congress, says congress is the most powerful, elastic clause

Front 17

Constitution: article 2

Back 17

deals with the president, he negotiated treaties

Front 18

Constitution: article 3

Back 18

deals with the supreme court, federal and state law disputes, judicial review

Front 19

electoral college

Back 19

the group that officially elects the president and vice president

Front 20

How many amendments?

Back 20

27

Front 21

How many senators from each state?

How many house representatives from each state?

Back 21

2 Senators from each state

House of reps in determined by population

Front 22

preamble

Back 22

introduction to the constitution, says what it is about

Front 23

judicial review

Back 23

gives the supreme court the power to declare actions of the legislature and executive branch invalid or unconstitutional

Front 24

supremacy clause

Back 24

says that federal laws have power over state laws

Front 25

term length for a judge

Back 25

for life

Front 26

concurrent power

Back 26

powers exercised by both federal and state governments

Front 27

federalism

Back 27

the divisions of powers and functions between national and state governments

Front 28

full faith and credit clause

Back 28

Article 4: requires that states honor the public acts and judicial decisions that take place in another state

Front 29

Gibbons vs Ogden

Back 29

Asked if a steam boat company could have a monopoly between new york and new jersey, ruled that new york did not have the power to grant that monopoly

Front 30

grants in aid

Back 30

congress provided money to state and local governments on the condition that the funds be used for purposes defined by the federal government

Front 31

home rule

Back 31

powers delegated by the state to a local government to manage its own affairs

Front 32

privileges and immunities clause

Back 32

article 4 section 2, citizens of each state should be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states

Front 33

preemption

Back 33

the principle that allows the national government to override state or local actions in certain policy areas

Front 34

marble cake federalism

Back 34

national policies, state policies and local policies overlap in many areas

Front 35

McCulloch V Maryland

Back 35

questioned wheather congress had the power to charter a bank since and explicit grant of power was no where to be found

Front 36

supremacy clause

Back 36

says that federal laws have power over state laws

Front 37

unfunded mandate

Back 37

regulations or new conditions for receiving grants that impose cost on state and local governments for which they are not reimbursed by the national government

Front 38

10th amendment

Back 38

protects state rights, powers reserved by the states

Front 39

2nd amendment

Back 39

right to bear arms

Front 40

4th, 5th , 6th , 8th amendments

Back 40

deal with the criminally accused

Front 41

13th 14th 15th amendments

Back 41

Civil rights amendments: 13- abolished slavery, 14- equal protection for all citizens, 15- right to vote for african americans

Front 42

bill of rights

Back 42

first 10 amendments of the constitution, anti-federalist supported

Front 43

Brown V Board of education

Back 43

stated racially segregated schools can never be equal, led to the integration of public schools

Front 44

Communications decency act

Back 44

it was unconstitutional because it attempted to protect children by suppressing speech that adults have the right to receive

Front 45

de facto segregation

Back 45

segregation by fact, segregation will exist although it is not legally enforced, natural segregation

Front 46

de jure segregation

Back 46

segregation by law, legally approved

Front 47

double jeopardy

Back 47

a protection to prevent a person from being tried more than once fro the same crime

Front 48

equal right amendment

Back 48

had to do with womens rights, never passed

Front 49

establishment clause

Back 49

freedom of religion, freedom to practice any religion

Front 50

exclusionary rule

Back 50

the ability of courts to exclude evidence obtained in violation of the 4th amendment

Front 51

Grand jury

Back 51

jury that decides wheather there is enough evidence to justify a trial

Front 52

I know it when I see it

Back 52

refers to recognizing pornography

Front 53

Miranda rule

Back 53

requirement of informing rights to those arrested

Front 54

Plessy V Ferguson

Back 54

came up with sperate but equal clause, african americans had their own public facilites

Front 55

procedural liberties

Back 55

found in bill of rights, defines how the government is supposed to act

Front 56

roe V wade

Back 56

womens rights court case over abortion, legalized abortion, right to privacy

Front 57

strict scrutiny test

Back 57

Judicial doctrine that places a heavy burden of proof on the government when it seeks to regulate or restrict speech

Front 58

substantive liberties

Back 58

put limits on what the government should and should not do

Front 59

adversarial journalism

Back 59

attack journalism

Front 60

blogs

Back 60

websites with short personal commentary on events and people

Front 61

equal time rule

Back 61

requirement that broadcast media has to devote equal time to each political side

Front 62

FCC (Federal Communications Commission)

Back 62

they regulate tv and radio

Front 63

framing

Back 63

influences interpretations of events and issues, power of the media to sway public opinion

Front 64

freedom of the press

Back 64

protected under the 1st amendment

Front 65

media bias

Back 65

news gives one sided point of view

Front 66

nationalization of the news

Back 66

some info from all news sources

Front 67

priming

Back 67

media coverage effects the way the public evaluates the views of the politicians

Front 68

role of newspaper

Back 68

most accurate, but the least used

Front 69

role of television

Back 69

most used, more biased, and no depth in stories

Front 70

satirical media

Back 70

SNL humorous approach to current events

Front 71

sound bite

Back 71

clip of sound which is a small part to a bigger interview to get a certain message across

Front 72

dealignment

Back 72

people voted in different categories with different party voters, became independents

Front 73

Divided government

Back 73

one political party controls the presidency and another political party controls the congress

Front 74

democrats are typically

Back 74

blue collar workers, women, and minorities

Front 75

electoral college

Back 75

the group that officially elects the presidents and vice president

Front 76

incumbent

Back 76

someone running fro reelection

Front 77

political party

Back 77

seek to influence the government by electing their members to important government offices

Front 78

plurality system

Back 78

electoral system in which to win, a cadidate must receive the most votes

Front 79

primary election

Back 79

elections used to select each parties cadidtes for the gerneral election

Front 80

realignment

Back 80

during political or economic crisis, people switch political allegiance

Front 81

third parties

Back 81

social or economic interests not covered by republicans or democrats

Front 82

republican supporters

Back 82

wealthy white men

Front 83

party identification

Back 83

an individuals voters psychology ties to one party or another

Front 84

voter turnout

Back 84

recently since 2000 it has been on the rise, but overall it is very low compared to other countries

Front 85

referendum

Back 85

referring measures to the vote for approval or rejection

Front 86

back ground of most members of congress

Back 86

background in law

Front 87

bicameral

Back 87

2 chambers of commerce

Front 88

miller V johnson

Back 88

race can not be the predominate factor in creating electoral districts

Front 89

speaker of the house

Back 89

the most influential house representative

Front 90

filibuster

Back 90

a senator can argue without interruption for as long as they need

Front 91

presidents impeached by the house

Back 91

andrew jackson and bill clinton

Front 92

constituent

Back 92

people in the district from which an official is elected

Front 93

expressed powers

Back 93

powers specifically defined that are granted to the president in the constitution

Front 94

delegated powers

Back 94

powers given to the president by congress

Front 95

inherent powers

Back 95

powers claimed by the president that are not expressed in the constitution but are inferred from it

Front 96

commander in chief

Back 96

the president, in charge of all military force

Front 97

executive orders

Back 97

a rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect and formal status of legislation

Front 98

marbury V madison

Back 98

validated the court could use judicial review because no one questioned their ability to do so

Front 99

Jurisdiction

Back 99

spheres of courts power and authority

Front 100

chief of justice

Back 100

presides over the courts public sessions and conferences

Front 101

role of supreme court

Back 101

top court in the US led by the chief of justice

Front 102

isolationism

Back 102

desire to avoid involvment in the affairs of other nations

Front 103

cold war

Back 103

the period of hostilities, but no direct war between the US and former soviet union, 1949-1991

Front 104

rogue nation

Back 104

nation with unstable and erratic leaders who seem to pursue policy driven by ideology or religious fervor

Front 105

non-state actors

Back 105

groups other than nations that try to play a role in the international system, typically terrorist groups

Front 106

preemption

Back 106

the willingness to strike first in order to prevent an enemy attack

Front 107

lowest foreign policy issue

Back 107

human rights

Front 108

bush doctrine

Back 108

represented US foreign policy based on the idea that the US should take preemptive action against threats to its national security

Front 109

national security council

Back 109

led by obama, deals with national security and foreign policy

Front 110

presidents role in foreign policy

Back 110

he is the person in charge, guides the country, has final say

Front 111

role of national intelligence director

Back 111

responsible for gathering info from other countries and advising the president on how to act

Front 112

role of congress since WWII

Back 112

congress has been more involved, role has increased

Front 113

executive agreement

Back 113

similar to a treaty and has the force of a law but usually requires only a simple majority vote in both houses of congress

Front 114

diplomacy

Back 114

the representation of a government to other governments, purpose is to promote national values or interests by personal measn

Front 115

effect of US distrust in diplomacy

Back 115

people dont trust diplomats anymore, instead they send military to deal with issues

Front 116

United Nations

Back 116

founded in 1945 serves as a channel for negotiations and a means of settling international disputes peacefully

Front 117

UN security council

Back 117

5 permanent members, US, China, France, Russia, UK. they have power to veto, one veto is sufficient to reject any proposal

Front 118

international monetary fund

Back 118

an institution set up in 1944, provides loans and facilitates monetary exchange

Front 119

main goals of US foreign policy

Back 119

to build and sustain a more democratic secure and prosperous world for the benefit of american people and the international community

Front 120

appeasement

Back 120

effort to prevent war by giving into the demands of a hostile power

Front 121

deterrence

Back 121

the development and maintenance of military strength

Front 122

how many times has congress declared way?

Back 122

5 times