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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Four characteristics of a state |
Population Sovereignty (absolute power) Territory Government |
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Four theories for the beginnings of government |
Force Evolutionary Divine right Social contract |
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Force theory |
One power took control of another |
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Evolutionary theory |
Developed out of a family structure |
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Divine right theory |
God bestowed power |
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Social contract theory |
People submit to government for order |
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3 basic powers shared by every government |
Legislative (make laws) Executive (enforce) Judicial (interpret) |
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Oligarchy |
Ruled by a group |
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Autocracy |
Ruled by one person |
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Direct democracy |
Pure democracy- ruled completely by the people |
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Indirect democracy |
People elect rulers |
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Unitary government |
One agency holds all power |
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Federal government/federalism |
Shared between national and state/local |
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Confederate government |
Local government has most power |
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Presidential government |
Executive and legislative are equal and both elected |
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Parliament government |
Legislative picked by leading party |
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Five-seven key ideas taken from British docs and included in the us govt |
Trial by jury Due process(rights of accused) No martial law Jury by peers Free elections No cruel and unusual punishment |
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Rep for states in the articles of confederation |
1 vote (unicameral congress) |
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States needed to pass a law under aoc |
9/13 |
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States needed to amend articles of confederation |
13/13 |
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3-5 problems w articles of confederation |
-congress had no power to tax -congress had no power to enforce laws -congress could not regulate interstate/foreign trade -approval of 9/13 states to enact laws, 13 to amend aoc -no executive/judicial branch -each state had only 1 vote |
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Shays rebellion |
Uprising in MANY thAt exposed weakness in aoc, which led to reform |
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Great compromise solved what |
•Issue: Virginia plan vs nj plan Dispute whether states would be represented equally or by population •Solution: bicameral congress |
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3/5ths compromise resolved what |
Issue: How slaves would be represented and taxed Solution: slaves counted as 3/5 a person |
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Commerce compromise(what was it) |
Issue: slave trade Solution: Congress could not ban slave trade until 1808 or impose export taxes Could regulate interstate and foreign trade (including slaves) |
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Federalists |
-wealthy/urban -supported constitution -powerful government is good -9 states had a bill of rights (no need for national one) |
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Anti fed |
-constitution should be ratified -constitution was made in secret (bad) -it took important powers from states -no bill of rights (needed) |
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6 principles constitution is based on |
Popular sovereignty Limited government Separation of powers Checks and balances Judicial review Federalism |
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How can the constitution be formally amended |
•shared process between congress and states •has happened 27 times |
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How can the constitution be informally amended |
Traditions Ex: cabinet, political parties, speeches etc Not required by constitution |
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Lily ledbetter |
-wasn't paid equally -court turned down her case -Obama and govt changed laws reguarding her case anyway -example of popular sovereignty (regular people can make a change) |
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Expressed powers |
Directly stated in constitution |
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Implied powers |
Powers government requires to carry out its expressed powers |
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Inherent powers |
Powers government exercises simply bc it's a government |
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Two advantages of federalism |
Gives stars more power Gives citizens more power |
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Disadvantages to federalism |
Dispute between which powers are state or government Complicated/confusing to citizens |
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Concurrent powers |
Shared between state and national gov |
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McCulloch v Maryland (What was it and 2 reasons why it was important) |
--national bank created in Maryland and the state tried to tax it --supremacy clause: states cannot tax national government --necessary and proper clause: gov may make laws that are necessary to carry out other powers stated in constitution (limited powers) |
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Power reserved to states |
Issuing licenses, ratifying amendments, conducting elections |
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Name one concurrent power |
Imposing taxes, minimum wage |
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Two powers denied to gov |
Changing state boundaries, tax of exports from state to state |
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Categorical grant |
Very specific purpose |
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Categorical grant |
Very specific purpose |
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Block grant |
Broad purpose (ex healthcare) |
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Two steps to become a state |
1. Enabling act: allows potential states to develop constitution 2. Act of admission: states decide or vote in |
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Extradition |
Deporting a person accused/convicted of a crime to another state or country |
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Full faith and credit clause |
States have to respect legal decisions by other states (ex marriages, licenses) |
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Priveledges and immunities clause |
Can't discriminate against a person for not being a member of the state (ex employment, Jail time) |
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House members age citizenship and term |
25 yo Citizen for 7 years 2 year term |
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House members age citizenship and term |
25 yo Citizen for 7 years 2 year term |
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Senate age citizenship and term |
Age 30 Citizenship 9 yrs Term 6 yrs |
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Powers of house |
Money bills start here Responsible for impeachment
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Powers of house |
Money bills start here Responsible for impeachment
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Senate responsibilities |
Focus on foriegn affairs Approves treaties and appointments Trial for impeached officials |