Cive 315 - Midterm

Front 1

Transportation modes

Back 1

Planes

Trains

Automobiles

and boats

Front 2

Transporation consideration factors

Back 2

safety

Reliability

Convenience

Cost

.

Front 3

improvng transportation

Back 3

Pros

- reduce costs of mateials

- increases competition

- Greater consumer choice

- Critical for emergencies

Cons

- Requires resourcce use

- danger potential

- noise, delay, pollution

Front 4

Supply and demand

Back 4

Affected by:

- Market forces

- Gov't

- Technology

exTraffic crossing a bridge

Front 5

Driver characterisitcs

Back 5

ability to:

- hear

- see

- - periheral vision

- - - decreases as speed increases

- - color vision

- - - best colour choice is black/white, black/yellow

- - glare vision and recovery

- - - 3 seconds D-L, 6 sec L-D

- - depth perception

- evaluate

- react

Front 6

PIEV

Back 6

Perception

Identification

Emotion (Evaluation)

Reaction

unexpected - 1.6-7.8 sec

expected - 1.0-5.1

Front 7

Pedestrian characteristics

Back 7

Most vulnerable

avg speed: .9-2.4m/s (handicap@ ~1/2)

Front 8

Different oad users

Back 8

Vehices

Pedestrians

Cyclists

Front 9

Bicylist characterisitcs

Back 9

Class A) - experienced in mixed traffic

Class B) - less exp, neighbbourroads and bike lanes

Class C) - Lease experience

(the grade for riding performance)

avg speed

down - 50 km/h

lvl - 30 km/h

up - 13 km/h

Front 10

Vehicle characterisitics

Back 10

static char.

- size

- axel weight

kinematic char. (motion)

- acceleration, velocity, position

dynamic char. (forces)

- Air resistances

- rolling resistance

- curve resistances

- power

- grade

Front 11

km/h

to

m/s

Back 11

0.077 = (1000/3600)^2

Front 12

SSD

DSD

PSD

Back 12

Stopping sight distance

Descision sight distance

(includes reaction to unexpected event)

Passign sight distance

Front 13

Purpose of speed spot studies

Back 13

establish traffic parameters

- eval control devices

- eval enforcement

- eval road geom

- eval safety

- speed trends

- check speed complaints

Front 14

spot speed req'd

Back 14

- mid block

- flat level highway

- inersections

- ensure unbias

typically 1hr & >30 vehicles

Front 15

volume studies

Back 15

AADT

ADT

PHV

VC

VKT

Front 16

travel time and delay studies

Back 16

floating car

avg speed

movinf speed

liscence obs

questionarres

Intelligent transport sys and other tech

Front 17

moving vehicle technique

Back 17

time both direc

Number of oncoming cars while 1st direction

vehicles overtaking and passed while 2nd direction

Front 18

safety managment process

Back 18

Network screening

Diagnosis

Remedy

Econoic appraisal

prioritize project

Eval

repeat

Front 19

Regressino to the mean

Back 19

over time statistics balance at the mean

benefit illusion

Front 20

Crash rate notes

Back 20

Volumes < 2700, CR is is significantly high

Front 21

Evaluate crash

Back 21

Crash Freq

Crash rate (indludes exposure)

Crash sev (accounts injuries vs PD

Stat QC techniq (poisson)

Front 22

Diagnosis process

Back 22

Safteyy data review

- descriptive stats

- analytical methods

- crash mapping

Asses supporting docs

Asess fied cond

Ident concerns

Front 23

Time mean speed

vs

spacemean speed

Back 23

aritmetic mean vehicles past a point

harmonic mean (more accurate)

Front 24

fundamental diagram

Back 24

Front 25

Greenshields

Greenberg

Back 25

Assumes linear relation btwn speed and density

Assumes non-linear

Front 26

causes of shoclwaves

Back 26

discontinuity in a state var (q, u,, k)

changes in:

geom

flow cond

abnormaslites