Circulatory System Key Terms

Front 1

Plasma

Back 1

The fluid portion of the blood that contains dissolved materials.

Front 2

Albumins

Back 2

Plasma proteins that maintain fluid levels by osmotically drawing water back into the capillaries

Front 3

Fibrogens

Back 3

Plasma proteins that aid in blood clotting

Front 4

Immunoglobulins

Back 4

Plasma proteins that are antibodies and they transport proteins

Front 5

Erythrocytes

Back 5

Red blood cells, that transport gas around the body

Front 6

Biconcave disk

Back 6

Structure of red blood cells

Front 7

Hemoglobin

Back 7

Red iron containing pigment that gives blood its color

Front 8

Heme group

Back 8

b

Front 9

Leukocytes

Back 9

White blood cells, they are cells without hemoglobin

Front 10

Neutrophils

Back 10

The most abundant white blood cell, phagocytic cells. Circulate through the bloodstream and signal when an infection is present.

Front 11

Basophils

Back 11

Granules that stain deep blue and release histamine

Front 12

Eosinophils

Back 12

Granules that stain red and phagocytize allergens

Front 13

Lymphocytes

Back 13

T and B cells, that play important role in immunity, they respond to foreign invaders in the body.

Front 14

Monocytes

Back 14

Largest white blood cells, that play an important role in the immunity system. They form into macrophages and dendritic cells allowing them to fight off bacteria, viruses and fungi. They are phagocytic cells.

Front 15

Granulocytes

Back 15

White blood cells that have visible granules in the cytoplasm

Front 16

Agranulocytes

Back 16

White blood cells that lack visible granules.

Front 17

Phagocytic

Back 17

A cell that absorbs waste material and other foreign bodies in the bloodstream and tissues

Front 18

Platlets

Back 18

Tiny cells that play an important role in blood clotting. (also called thrombocytes)

Front 19

Hematocrit

Back 19

Refers the the percentage of red blood cells in the blood

Front 20

Antigen

Back 20

Located on the surface of red blood cells, allowing body to recognize its own cells. When our body recognizes a foreign antigen, it releases antibodies

Front 21

Antibody

Back 21

Also know as an immunoglobulin, is a large Y shaped protein produced. They attach to foreign cells and cause aglunation or disable the cell unit a white blood cell can come and eat it.

Front 22

Aglunaiton

Back 22

Clumping together of cells, caused by antibodies

Front 23

Rh factor

Back 23

Based on ability to make Rh antigen. Rh positive means it can make the Rh antigen making the blood type positive, Rh negative means that is cannot make the Rh antigen making the blood type negative

Front 24

Universal donor

Back 24

O negative is the the universal donor because it contains no antigens, so there will be no trigger from the immune system. However, they recognize all other blood types as foreign, so they can only receive O-

Front 25

Universal receiver

Back 25

AB positive is the universal receiver because it contains no antibodies

Front 26

Arteries

Back 26

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the capillaries

Front 27

Veins

Back 27

Blood vessels that bring blood back to the heart. The largest blood vessels in diameter.

Front 28

Arterioles

Back 28

Branch off from arteries, important in control of blood pressure. Carry blood from the arteries to the capillaries

Front 29

Venules

Back 29

Smallers veins connecting to the capillaries

Front 30

Capillaries

Back 30

Smallest blood vessels, that connect arterioles and venules. Main site of exchange of nutrients

Front 31

Varicose Veins

Back 31

Caused when valves in veins stop working properly, so the blood flows backwards and the blood pools in the veins

Front 32

Arteriosclerosis

Back 32

The wall of an artery becomes thicker and less elastic

Front 33

Atherosclerosis

Back 33

Type of arteriosclerosis, where hardening go walls is caused from buildup of fatty materials that form into plaques

Front 34

Osmotic pressure

Back 34

Causes water to move from tissues to blood due to the presence of plasma proteins and salts

Front 35

Hydrostatic pressure

Back 35

Causes water to move from the blood to the tissues