Church History - Background To Church History: The Roman World

Front 1

The Romans conquered Palestine ___ years before Christ was born

Back 1

63 years

Front 2

Jesus spoke _______ and ______

Back 2

Aramaic and Hebrew

Front 3

_____ and _____ were the two dominant languages throughout the Roman Empire

Back 3

Latin and Greek

Front 4

_____ became the language of the New Testament by the time the Catholic Church put the Books of the Bible together

Back 4

Greek

Front 5

_________ ___ _____ ruled the Macedonian world after his father’s death, King Philip II

Back 5

Alexander the Great

Front 6

______ __ had conquered Greece

Back 6

Philip II

Front 7

_________ ___ _____ was 23 years old when he conquered the known world

Back 7

Alexander the Great

Front 8

Alexander the Great conquered ______, _____, and the ______ ____, along with _____ and _______

Back 8

Persia, Egypt, and the Middle East, along with India and Babylon

Front 9

Alexander helped to spread the Greek culture and language

Back 9

Hellenization

Front 10

it would be Greek _____ and __________ that would actually lay a key foundation for early Christianity

Back 10

thought and philosophy

Front 11

Historians say that the founding of Rome is filled with _____, _______, and ______

Back 11

myths, legends, and fables

Front 12

One tradition has the city of Rome being founded by twin brothers who were named _______ and _____

Back 12

Romulus and Remus

Front 13

The mother of Romulus and Remus was ____ ______, and the father was ____, the Roman god of ___

Back 13

Rhea Silvia; Mars; War

Front 14

_____ _____ surround the city of Rome which sits along the banks of the _____ _____

Back 14

Seven hills; Tiber River

Front 15

_______ killed his brother _____

Back 15

Romulus; Remus

Front 16

_______ then founded the city that he named after himself - in Latin, ____

Back 16

Romulus; Roma

Front 17

the city was first built on the ________ ____

Back 17

Palatine Hill

Front 18

________ ruled over Rome until they were replaced by a ________, which was established by the _____ ______

Back 18

Monarchs; Republic; Roman Senate

Front 19

what was once ruled by kings was now governed by the _____ ______, ___ _______, and the __________

Back 19

Roman Senate, two Consuls, and the Assemblies

Front 20

in times of emergency a ________ would be appointed; his powers would last for only ___ ______

Back 20

dictator; six months

Front 21

Rome’s chief rival in the Mediterranean was ________, which was located in _____ ______

Back 21

Carthage; North Africa

Front 22

in a series of wars historians call the _____ ____, the Romans conquered the _____________

Back 22

Punic Wars; Carthaginians

Front 23

As the Roman Empire grew, the Senate elected _____ _______ to help govern its vast Empire effectively

Back 23

Three Consuls

Front 24

_____ ______ ______ was one of these Consuls

Back 24

Gaius Julius Caesar

Front 25

Gaius Julius Caesar was a very popular _______ and _________

Back 25

general and statesman

Front 26

Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus formed what historians call the _____ ___________

Back 26

First Triumvirate

Front 27

Caesar won the civil war, then was declared dictator of the Roman Republic in __ __

Back 27

48 BC

Front 28

fearing his powers members of the Senate murdered him on the ____ __ _____, which is _____ __

Back 28

Ides of March; March 15

Front 29

________, Caesar’s adopted son, would now rule over Rome as a member of the ______ ___________ with ____ ______ and ______ _______

Back 29

Octavian; Second Triumvirate; Marc Antony and Marcus Lepidus

Front 30

The Roman Republic was thus transformed into the _____ ______ with Octavian serving as Rome’s first ______

Back 30

Roman Empire; Emperor

Front 31

Octavian received the Imperial title “________” from the Roman Senate

Back 31

Augustus

Front 32

________ means noble or sacred or revered

Back 32

Augustus

Front 33

________ was the Roman Emperor Emperor when Christ was born

Back 33

Augustus

Front 34

the Romans excelled in _______, ___________, and as ______________

Back 34

warfare, engineering and as administrators

Front 35

Some of the key Roman gods were _______, ____, ____, _______, _____, ______, _______, and _______

Back 35

Jupiter, Juno, Mars, Minerva, Venus, Apollo, Neptune and Bacchus

Front 36

_____ ________ were seen as semi-divine and worshiped as gods after their deaths

Back 36

Roman Emperors

Front 37

________ became an important moral philosophy among Roman intellectuals and philosophers

Back 37

Stoicism

Front 38

a Stoic was to always be guided by ______ and _____

Back 38

reason and logic

Front 39

our early Christian writers were influenced by ________

Back 39

Stoicism

Front 40

on top of the social ladder were the _________ _______

Back 40

governing classes

Front 41

at the bottom of the social ladder were ______

Back 41

slaves

Front 42

1 in 4 people were ______ in the Roman Empire

Back 42

slaves

Front 43

The Hebrews were ____________

Back 43

monotheistic

Front 44

Jews were forbidden to live in _________; the Romans renamed the city _____ __________

Back 44

Jerusalem; Aelia Capitolina

Front 45

God’s will is contained in the first ____ _____ of the Jewish Scripture

Back 45

Five Books

Front 46

the staples of Judaism:

Back 46

- they must read and follow the Torah
- sacrificial worship to God in the Temple
- Rabbi-led prayer and worship in their synagogues

Front 47

after Moses, ______ led the Hebrews back to their Promised Land

Back 47

Joshua

Front 48

Jewish nation reached it greatest power under the leadership of its three Kings; ____, _____, and _______

Back 48

Saul, David, and Solomon

Front 49

Jerusalem became ___ ____ __ _____

Back 49

the City of David

Front 50

after Solomon the Jewish nation was divided into two sections: ___ _______ __ _____ __ ___ _____ and ___ _______ __ ______ __ __ _____

Back 50

the Kingdom of Judah to the South and the Kingdom of Israel to the North

Front 51

ater, the Jews would experience a second captivity, this time it would be the ___________

Back 51

Babylonians

Front 52

he Romans conquered Palestine in __ __ and would later destroy this Temple in __ __

Back 52

63 BC; AD 70

Front 53

Abraham's call and the covenant with Yahweh

Back 53

c.1800 BC

Front 54

The Jewish Exodus, led by Moses, Aaron, and Joshua

Back 54

c 1250 BC

Front 55

The reign of Kings Saul, David, and Solomon

Back 55

1047 BC - 931 BC

Front 56

The founding of Rome

Back 56

April 21, 753 BC

Front 57

Alexander the Great conquers the known world of his day

Back 57

326 BC

Front 58

The writing of the Septuagint

Back 58

c.250 BC

Front 59

The murder of Julius Caesar in the Roman Senate

Back 59

March 15, 44 BC

Front 60

The reign of Augustus (Octavian) Caesar

Back 60

27 BC - AD 14

Front 61

The Jewish revolt against Rome and the destruction of their Temple

Back 61

AD 70

Front 62

Who helped expand Hellenism to the East?

Back 62

Alexander the Great

Front 63

According to legend, who founded Rome?

Back 63

Two abandoned brother, Romulus and Remus

Front 64

When was Rome founded?

Back 64

April 21, 753 BC

Front 65

How did Rome benefit from the Punic Wars

Back 65

Rome acquired Sicily, Spain, and North Africa from the Great Empire of Carthage

Front 66

How did Julius Caesar become dictator for life?

Back 66

He defeated Gaul and invaded Italy, pressuring the Senate to elect him dictator. He then named himself dictator for life, angering the Senate, which led to his assassination

Front 67

Who was "Augustus"? How did he receive that title?

Back 67

Augustus was Octavian and he received that name from the Roman Senate

Front 68

How did Augustus retain the appearances of a Republic?

Back 68

He took on the power of a tribune to represent the commoners, poor freemen, and slaves

Front 69

In what different areas did Greek and Roman civilizations excel?

Back 69

The Greeks excelled in philosophy and the arts, the Romans excelled in organizations, administration, government, and law

Front 70

How did early cults placate their gods and secure protection for their state?

Back 70

Their worship ceremonies, called pietas, included public festivals, offerings, and animal sacrifices. They built temples to house statures and materials, but normally held worship activities outside of them

Front 71

How did fundamentals of Stoicism appeal to the Romans?

Back 71

Stoicism appealed to the Roman sense of order, law, and virtue

Front 72

Who led the Jews from captivity?

Back 72

Moses

Front 73

What happened to the Jews AD 70?

Back 73

They scattered (the Diaspora) when the temple was destroyed

Front 74

What term describes Jews who do not live in the Holy Land?

Back 74

The "Diaspora", Greek for "dispersion"