Church History 2 Final Exam

Front 1

Martin Bucer

Back 1

1) Leader of Reformationin Strasbourg, France

2) Asked Calvin to stay in the city as a pastor

3) Insisted on the church being in charge ofdisciplining its members, not the state

4) Was Calvin’s mentor

Front 2

Conrad Grebel

Back 2

1) Was a "Brethren" (a follower of Zwingli who felt Zwingli's theology didn't go far enough and founded their own group of "true believers")

2) Baptized former priest George Blaurock

3) Brethren became known as Anabaptist

Front 3

Baruch Spinoza

Back 3

1) 17th century Jew Philosopher in Holland

2) Proposed Monism (humans are of one substance and the body and soul are attributes of that substance)

3) founder of "religion" & father of enlightenment

Front 4

Oliver Cromwell

Back 4

1) wealthy Puritan member of the house of commons

2) recruited a Calvary, spread zeal to the troops, crushed the king's army

3) In the time of the "rump parliament," Cromwell united England Scotland, and Ireland under parliament for 1st time

4) Kicked parliament out, locked the doors, became master of the nation, gained titles: Lord Protector & Protectorate in April 1653

Front 5

Rodger Williams

Back 5

1) New England Puritan

2) wanted tolerance for everyone including natives of colonized lands

3) opposed infant Baptism & established the 1st Baptist church in America

4) was deemed a heretic

Front 6

Jean Jacque Rousseau

Back 6

1) during time of French Rationalism

2) criticized established religion, saw corruption in church & state

3) believed in an emotional relationship with the divine being

Front 7

William Carey

Back 7

1) Founded the Baptist Missionary Society

2) Founder of modern missions

3) changed the paradigm of trading companies opposing missionary work

4) was a missionary who translated the Bible into 35 languages

Front 8

Hudson Taylor

Back 8

1) Founded the China Inland Mission in 1865

2) focused just on preaching

3) relied on spontaneous gifts for financial support

4) The Cambridge 7: athletic, well-educated, well-off men he recruited for missionary work

Front 9

Friedrich Schleiermacher

Back 9

1) 19th Century German Reformed

2) Religion is based on a "feeling" (the profound awareness of the existence of the One on whom all depend)

3) emphasized dependence on God

4) Father of liberalism

Front 10

Adolf Von Harnack

Back 10

1) 19th century Russian theologian who moved to Germany where he had great impact

2) believed that the church was moving away from teachings OF Jesus to teaching ABOUT Jesus

Front 11

Karl Barth

Back 11

1) 20th century theologian & pastor

2) believed in social welfare, became a socialist but didn't want social work confused with work for the Kingdom of God

3) wrote Commentary on Romans (emphasized Otherness of God)

Front 12

William Lloyd Garrison

Back 12

1) Jim Crow Laws Era

2) American

3) believed Abolition of slavery is the highest moral principle, even higher than Scripture

Front 13

Printing Press

Back 13

1) movable version gave Luther's Writings a wide audience

2) reformation time

3) Luther used it for propaganda

Front 14

Peasant's War

Back 14

1) 1524 Germany (Reformation time)

2) Peasants felt the Reformation supported their economic cause

3) led by Thomas Muntzer

4) Luther supported the oppressed but called for peaceful protests

5) 100,000 peasants killed

Front 15

Presbytery

Back 15

1) the governing of the church

2) A group of ministers/elders of Presbyterian churches in a certain area

3) influenced by Calvin

Front 16

Confessionalization

Back 16

1) 16th Century

2) The use of particular confessions to define one's religion, usually applied to a specific area

3) Rulers used it to gain more control over their subjects

Front 17

New Model Army

Back 17

1) 1645 led by Oliver Cromwell

2) fought against King Charles I's Amy

3) everyone was Christian which allowed for unity, and talent rather than class determined one's position in the army

Front 18

Westminster Assembly

Back 18

1) 17th century England

2) Theologians gathered by parliament to advise on religious matters

3) creation of the WCF which became the standard for Calvinist Orthodoxy

Front 19

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

Back 19

1) 1790 France, to reform the church

2) National Constitutional Assembly reorganized gov. & religion

3) Everyone in ecclesiastical office must swear allegiance to the constitution or else be deposed

4) Pope Louis XVI did not approve

Front 20

Fifth Monarchists

Back 20

1) Believed the 4 monarchies described in Daniel (Babylonian, Persian, Greek, Roman) had already come, and the 5th Kingdom, the Millennium reign of Christ was coming next

2) Later 17th century

3) opponents of Rump Parliament

Front 21

Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

Back 21

1) Thomas Jefferson 1786

2) freedom of conscious & separation of church and state

3) forerunner of 1st Amendment

Front 22

Encyclopedists

Back 22

1) Members of the society of men of letters

2) contributed to the Encyclopedias (1751-1765)

3) Promoted science, secular thought, tolerance, and open mindedness

4) representative of Enlightenment, recording all knowledge for future generations

Front 23

3rd Estate

Back 23

1) Bourgeoisie of France during French Revolution

2) Declared self a National Assembly

3) began the French Revolution

Front 24

Concordat

Back 24

1) between French Gov. and Papacy

2) naming of Bishops & prelates

3) in interests of church and state

4) want to reconcile revolutionaries and Catholic Church

Front 25

Industrial Revolution

Back 25

1) 18th century

2) Internal combustion engine

3) Travel abilities vastly increase, advancement of science

4) people move to the cities, leading to factories, poor working conditions, depression, etc.

Front 26

Christian Socialism

Back 26

1) 19th century

2) Karl Barth = Social democrat

3) in response to industrial revolution

4) Sunday School movement

Front 27

Rerum novarum

Back 27

1) Pope Leo XIII 1891

2) proper relations between laborers and employees

3) rights for rich and poor

Front 28

Keswick Convention

Back 28

1) originated in England 1875

2) focal point for higher life movement