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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chronic kidney Disease |
Progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function and a decrease in the GFR. Either a presence of kidney damage or a GFR of <60mL/min/1.73m for >3 months |
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Kidney Damage |
Either pathological abnormalities, or markers, of damage, including abnormalities blood or urine tests or imaging studies |
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Causes of CKD |
Diabetes mellitus, glomerulonephritis, hypertension, polycystic kidney disease |
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Stage 1-2 |
Polyuria (decreased ability to concentrate urine) Nocturia |
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Stage 3 |
50% of nephron function lost Hypertension Elevated urea Elevated Creatinine Anaemia |
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Stage 3-4 |
Electrolyte imbalance Abnormal bone and mineral metabolism |
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Stage 5 |
Life threatening Odema Worsening electrolyte imbalance Metabolic acidosis Multi system effects of uraemia |
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Risk factors - non modifiable |
Age >50 Sex - male Ethnicity Family hx of kidney disease |
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Risk factors - modifiable |
Smoking Hypertension Obesity Diabetes |
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Signs and symptoms |
Creatinine rise (after stage 3) Hyperkalemia Metabolic acidosis Malnutrition - loss of lean body mass Oedema - peripheral and pulmonary Anaemia Fatigue |
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Management - Primary |
Screening, early detection (smoker? diabetes? hypertension? obesity? CV disease?) |
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Management - secondary |
Prevent progression. Dietary changes, pharmacotherapeutics for managing hypertension, glycemic control, avoidance of nephrotoxins |
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Management - Tertiary |
RRT, peritoneal dialysis, renal transplant, conservative treatment |
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KRT |
Kidney Replacement Therapy |
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Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) |
Is a test to see how well the kidneys are functioning. It estimates how much blood passes through the glomeruli each minute. Glomeruli are tiny filters in the kidneys that filter waste from the blood |
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Self management |
Complex treatment regimes Modify lifestyle (stop smoking, lose weight, limit alcohol intake and increase exercise) Take numerous medications Self-monitoring (BP, weight, BGLs) Dialysis access (once necessary) |
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RRT |
Renal Replacement Therapy |
