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81 Cards in this Set
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Acidosis |
A pathologic condition existing when the blood pH decreases to less than 7.35
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Adrenals |
endocrine glands that produce hormones as a result of emotional changes like fright or anger. Hormone production causes an increase in blood pressure, widened pupils, and hear stimulation
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A pathologic condition that results when the blood pH increases to more than 7.45. In serious cases, it can lead to coma
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grapelike structures in the lungs that allow for diffusion between air and blood
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A body function whereby cells use energy to make complex compounds from simpler ones. It allows the synthesis of body fluids (e.g. sweat, tears, saliva, etc.)
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Study of the structural components of the body
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Surface region of the body characterized by the front (or ventral)area and including the thoracic abdominal, and pelvic cavities
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Fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity
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imaginary dividing lines of the body that serve as reference points for describing distance from or proximity to the body. Body planes include the sagittal, frontal, transverse, and medial planes
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cardiac (striated involuntary ) muscles |
muscles that make up the wall of the heart
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substance similar to one except that cells are surrounded by a gelatinous material that allows for flexibility
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chemical reactions in the body that break down complex substance into simpler ones while simultaneously releasing energy. The process provides energy for all body functions |
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(CSF) cerebrospinal Fluid |
fluid that surrounds the brain and menings within the spinal column
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body system referring to the heart, blood vessels, and blood; responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells and transports carbon dioxide and wastes until they are eliminated; transports hormones, regulates body temperature, and helps defend against diseases
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anatomical term meaning far from the surface of the body
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(DNA) Deoxyribonucleic Acid |
molecule containing thousands of genes that make up an individual's genetic code. Often referred to as a double helix, NDA is inherited from parents and carries the code for an individual's characteristics such as eye or hair color, height, etc.
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body system referring to organs in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract that break down food chemically and physically into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body cells and allow the elimination of waste products of digestion
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a specific, measurable condition characterized by specific clinical symptoms, patient history, and laboratory or radiology results.
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a generic term referring to any pathologic condition of the mind or body
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anatomical term meaning distant or away from point of attachment
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surface region of the body characterized by the back, (or posterior) area and including the cranial and spinal cavities
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Ductless glands that release their secretions (hormones) directly into the blood stream
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glands that secrete fluids through channels or ducts (e.g. sweat, saliva, mucus, digestive juices) |
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imaginary line running lengthwise on the body from side to side dividing the body into anterior and posterior sections |
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body system that breaks down food chemically and physically into nutrients that can be absorbed and transported throughout the body to be used for energy by all body cells and, to eliminate waste products of digestion through the production of feces |
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located on a chromosome, it is a unit of heredity capable of reproducing itself exactly during cell division; it is made of segments of DNA
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The study of blood and blood-forming tissues
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Hematopoiesis |
the process of blood cell formation that occurs in the bone marrow
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(Hgb) The molecules that carry oxygen and carbon dioxide in the RBCs |
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maintenance of circulation blood in the liquid state and retention of blood in the vascular system
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Hormones |
body substances secreted from glands that play a role in growth and development, fluid and electrolyte balance, energy balance, and acid-base balance
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(HIV) Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
a virus spread by sexual contact or exposure to infected blood
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Illness |
A subjective, non-measurable term for any departure from wellness (pain, suffering, distress)
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The study of diseases of the immune system; allergic disorders |
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Body system referring to skin, hair, sweat, and oil glands, teeth, and fingernails; involved in protective and regulatory functions |
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directional term meaning towards the sides of the body
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Medial |
directional term meaning toward the midline of the body |
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pigment in the skin that provides color and protects underlying tissues from absorbing ultraviolet rays |
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protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
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a pathologic condition that occurs when the kidneys cannot eliminate acidic substances (e.g. in diabetes mellitus). it can result in kidney (renal ) failure and death
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A pathologic condition that results from excessive vomiting or an abnormal secretion of certain hormones that causes excess elimination of hydrogen ions (from CO2 )
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An important bodily function that allows the formation or breakdown of substance (e.g. proteins ) for the purpose of using energy
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the study of microbes; microbiologic test typically use specialized media to detect the growth of infectious microbes from bodily specimens
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nerve cells that transmit impulses to muscles from the spinal cord or the brain
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Muscular System |
body system referring to all muscles of the body
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body system that includ3es organs that provide communication in the body, sensations, thoughts emotions, and memories
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specialized nerve cells that transmit nerve impulses
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cell structure located inside the nucleus, aids in cellular metabolism and cellular reproduction
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cell structure that is the cell's control center; it governs the functions of each individual cell (e.g. growth, repair, reproduction, and metabolism
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analysis that detects hidden (occult) blood in the stool.
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small structures within cells
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groups of organs that have common functions
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inflammation of the bond due to bacterial infection
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a condition in which the bone becomes porous and at a higher risk of fracturing. This is due to reduced mineral density in bone and is more common in post-menopausal women, than in men
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(O&P) ova and parasites |
laboratory analysis performed on stool specimens that determines the presence of parasitic microorganism or eggs or parasitic organisms
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the origin of a disease
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the study fall aspects of disease and abnormal conditions of the body
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part of the digestive process whereby food is moved in wavelike contractions throughout the intestines
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fluid from the abdominal cavity |
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the study of the functional components of the body
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Pituitary Gland |
also referred to as the master gland, stimulates other glands to produce hormones as needed. it controls and regulates hormone production through chemical feedback.
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fluid from the lung cavity
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surface region of the body characterized by the back or dorsal areal and including the cranial and spinal cavities
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near the point of attachment
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rate used to assess normal function of the cardiovascular system; it is measured off the pulse located in an artery, normal pulse rate is about 75 beats per minutes
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RBCs / Erythrocytes blood cells that function to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body |
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body system referring to organs involved in sperm production, secretion of hormones, (testosterone, estrogen, progesterone ovulation, fertilization, menstruation, pregnancy, labor, and lactation
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the measure of how many times a patient breathes in and out in one minute
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a pathologic condition that results when the respiratory system is unable to eliminate adequate amounts of CO2 (e.g. a collapsed lung or blocked respiratory passages)
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a pathologic condition that result from hyperventilation or the loss of too much CO2 fro the lungs.
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body system referring to parts that assist in respiration or breathing (e.g. nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs)
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transmit nerve impulses to the spinal cord or the brain from muscle tissues
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muscles that are attached to bones
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skeletal system |
body system composed of all bones and joints
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steady state |
also referred to as homeostasis, it is a condition that allows the normal body to stay in balance by continually compensating with necessary changes, there by remaining in a healthy condition.
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near the surface of the body
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joint fluid
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imaginary line running crosswise, or horizontally, on the body, dividing the body into upper and lower sections.
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Body system referring to processes enabling the production and elimination of urine. consists of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
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surface region of the body characterized by the front (or anterior) area and including the thoracic abdominal, and pelvic cavities
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(non-striated, smooth, involuntary muscles) |
muscles that line the walls of internal structures.
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