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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The term pre-MRA refers to...
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new, unprocessed mRNA of Euk's
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During transcription, RNA polymerase joins nucleotides in which direction?
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5' to 3' - Just as in DNA synthesis, RNA polymerase catalyzes the formation of a bond between a 5′ phosphate on one nucleotide and a 3′ hydroxyl on the next. Thus the chain grows from 5′ to 3′.
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In bacteria, RNA poly transcribes:
A. tRNA genes B. protein-coding genes C. rRNA genes & tRNA genes D. All types of genes |
All types - In E. coli, a single RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA.
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The process during which RNA is converted to protein
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Translation
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Function of mRNA?
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Transcripts of protein-coding genes
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Function of tRNA?
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Facilitates attachment of amino acids by ribosomes
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Function of rRNA?
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Structural component of ribosomes
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Function of snRNA?
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Maturation of transcripts
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T/F: RNA molecules are single-stranded?
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True - RNA poly only copies 1 strand of DNA
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The Rho (p) protein is involved with which aspect of transcription?
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termination - Rho protein interacts with RNA poly at specific p-dependent terminator sequences and causes the enzyme to dissociate from DNA, thus ending transcription
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Consensus sequence for the -35 box?
A. 5'AACTGT B. 5'TTGAC C. 5'TATAAT D. 5'TTAAGA |
B - 5' TTGACA 3'
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Consensus sequence for the -10 box?
A. 5'AACTGT B. 5'TTGAC C. 5'TATAAT D. 5'TTAAGA |
C - 5' TATAAT 3'
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The DNA sequence where RNA polymerase binds at the beginning of transcription is called the...
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promoter
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Transcription and translation are coupled in:
A. yeast B. bacteria C. protozoa |
bacteria - Because there is no nucleus in prokaryotic cells, ribosomes can attach to the mRNA transcript practically as soon as it is made.
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T/F: Not all transcribed genes are translated to protein.
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True - some gene products are ribosomal, not protein.
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T/F: In eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the cytoplasm.
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False, it takes place in the nucleus
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Which is a characteristic of a ρ-independent terminator? (rho-indipendent)
A. Rho protein B. hairpin loop followed by a string of U's C. hairpin loop without a sting of U's D. a string of U's without a hairpin loop |
B - it is believed the hairpin + U's destabilized the RNA/RNA poly/DNA complex, resulting in transcription termination
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Which is the best representation of the cell cycle, as proposed by Francis Crick in 1953?
A. DNA > DNA > RNA B. RNA > protein > DNA C. DNA > RNA > protein D. protein > RNA > DNA |
DNA > RNA > protein
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Which of the following is NOT a way in which RNA differs from DNA?
1. uracil replaces thymine 2. RNA lacks a 2' hydroxyl group 3. RNA is typically single-stranded 4.RNA has nitrogenous bases bonded w/ the 1' carbon |
D. DNA also has nitrogenous bases bonded w/ 1' carbon
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Which of the following are not required for initiation of transcription?
A. NTPs B. primer RNA sequence C. RNA poly D. template DNA strand |
Template strand isn't needed because RNA is being written, not DNA
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Which subunit of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme is essential for recognition of the two consensus sequences in an E. coli promoter?
A. alpha-subunit B. beta-subunit C. rho factor D. sigma factor |
D - RNA polys that lack a sigma factor do not bind to promotor regions
A - subunit of RNA poly B - subunit of RNA poly C - termination |
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Which type of RNA is involved in the splicing of pre-mRNA molecules in eukaryotic cells?
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Snurps (snRNAs) are involved in the removal of introns from mRNA transcripts prior to translation.
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Which type of RNA polymerase sigma factor predominates during the heat shock response?
70 / 54 / 32 / 23 |
sigma 32
70 - standard 54 - limited nitrogen 23 - T4 phage infection |
